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Zweig, Stefan
(b. Nov. 28, 1881, Vienna, Austro-Hungarian Empire [now in Austria]--d. Feb. 22,
1942, Petrópolis, near Rio de Janeiro, Braz.), German writer who achieved
distinction in several genres--poetry, essays, short stories, and dramas--most
notably in his interpretations of imaginary and historical characters.
Zweig
studied in Austria, France, and Germany before settling in Salzburg in 1913. In
1934, driven into exile by the Nazis, he emigrated to England and in 1940 to
Brazil. Finding only growing loneliness and disillusionment in their new
surroundings, he and his second wife committed suicide.
Zweig's
interest in psychology and the teachings of Sigmund Freud led to his most
characteristic work, the subtle portrayal of character. Zweig's essays include
studies of Honoré de Balzac, Charles Dickens, and Fyodor Dostoyevsky (Drei
Meister, 1920; Three Masters) and of Friedrich Hölderlin, Heinrich von Kleist,
and Friedrich Nietzsche ( Der Kampf mit
dem Dämon, 1925; Master Builders).
He achieved popularity with Sternstunden
der Menschheit (1928; The Tide of
Fortune), five historical portraits in miniature. He wrote full-scale,
intuitive rather than objective, biographies of the French statesman Joseph
Fouché (1929), Mary Stuart (1935), and others. His stories include those
in Verwirrung der Gefühle (1925; Conflicts).
He also wrote a psychological novel, Ungeduld
des Herzens (1938; Beware of Pity),
and translated works of Charles Baudelaire, Paul Verlaine, and Émile
Verhaeren. The Royal Game and Other
Stories (1981) is a collection of his short stories translated by Jill
Sutcliffe.
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Ã÷¹ÙÀÌÅ© (Stefan Zweig)
1881. 11. 28 ºó~1942. 2. 22
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