|
Unruh,
Fritz von (b. May 10, 1885, Koblenz, Ger.--d. Nov. 28, 1970, Diez, W.Ger.),
dramatist, poet, and novelist, one of the most poetically gifted of the younger
German Expressionist writers.
The
son of a general, Unruh was an army officer in active service until 1912, when
he resigned his commission to devote his time to writing. His critical
reflections on the military establishment in his play Offiziere
("Officers"), staged by Max Reinhardt in 1911, and his antiwar
sentiments expressed in the dramatic poem Vor
der Entscheidung (1914; "Before the Decision") are early
variations on the two themes basic to his entire work: the nature of the social
order into which the individual has to be integrated, and the necessity to
ground this order not in authority but in the integrity and responsibility of
the individual toward humanity. Explorations of these themes through his war
experiences--on a metaphysical plane, in his narrative Der Opfergang (written in 1916 at Verdun, published 1919; Way
of Sacrifice) and, on a mythical level, in the tragedy Ein
Geschlecht (1916; "A Family")--strengthened his antimilitaristic
attitude and led to such later works as Heinrich
von Andernach (1925), a festival play and a great plea for love among men.
Unruh
foresaw the coming Nazi dictatorship in his drama Bonaparte
(1927) and continued to press his warnings in Berlin in Monte Carlo (1931) and Zero (1932).
Unruh
left Germany in 1932, living in France and the United States, until he returned
to Germany in 1962.
|
¿î·ç (Fritz von Unruh).
1885. 5. 10 µ¶ÀÏ ÄÚºí·»Ã÷~1970. 11. 28
µðÃ÷.
µ¶ÀÏÀÇ ±ØÀÛ°¡¡¤½ÃÀΡ¤¼Ò¼³°¡.
µ¶ÀÏÀÇ ÀþÀº Ç¥ÇöÁÖÀÇ ÀÛ°¡ Áß¿¡ ½ÃÀû Àç´ÉÀÌ °¡Àå ¶Ù¾î³
ÀÛ°¡ÀÌ´Ù. À屺ÀÇ ¾Æµé·Î ž Çö¿ª À°±ºÀå±³·Î
º¹¹«ÇÏ´Ù°¡ 1912³â ±Û¾²´Â ÀÏ¿¡ ¸ôµÎÇϱâ À§ÇØ Åð¿ªÇß´Ù.
±×ÀÇ Èñ°î ¡´Àå±³ Offiziere¡µ(1911³â ¸·½º ¶óÀÎÇϸ£Æ®°¡ ¹«´ë¿¡
¿Ã¸²)¿¡¼ ³ªÅ¸³ª´Â À°±º ÆíÁ¦¿¡ °üÇÑ ºñÆÇÀû ¼ºÂû°ú, ±Ø½Ã ¡´°á´ÜÀ»
¾ÕµÎ°í Vor der Entscheidung¡µ(1914)¿¡ Ç¥ÇöµÈ ¹ÝÀü»ç»óÀº ±×ÀÇ
¸ðµç ÀÛǰ¿¡ È帣´Â 2°¡Áö ±âº» ÁÖÁ¦, Áï °³ÀÎÀÌ ±× ¼Ó¿¡
ÅëÇÕµÇÁö ¾ÊÀ» ¼ö ¾ø´Â »çȸÁú¼ÀÇ ¼º°ÝÀ̶ó´Â ÁÖÁ¦¿Í ÀÌ
Áú¼´Â ±ÇÀ§·Î ¼¼¿ì´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó Àκ»ÁÖÀǸ¦ ÇâÇÑ
°³°³ÀÎÀÇ ÅëÇÕ°ú Ã¥ÀÓ¿¡ ¹ÙÅÁÀ» µÎ°í ¼¼¿ö¾ß ÇÒ
Çʿ伺À̶ó´Â ÁÖÁ¦ÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ÁÖÁ¦µé¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Å½»ö°ú ¿î·ç
ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ÀüÀï°æÇèÀÇ °á°ú´Â ÇüÀÌ»óÇÐÀû Ãø¸é¿¡¼´Â ¡´Èñ»ýÀÇ
±æ Der Opfergang¡µ(1916³â º£¸£µÐ¿¡¼ ¾º¾îÁ® 1919³â¿¡ ÃâÆÇµÊ),
½ÅÈÀû Â÷¿ø¿¡¼´Â ¡´¾î¶² Á¾Á· Ein Geschlecht¡µ(1916)°ú °°Àº
ºñ±ØÀ¸·Î ³ªÅ¸³ª¸é¼ ±×ÀÇ ¹Ý±º±¹ÁÖÀÇÀû ŵµ¸¦ ´õ¿í
°È½ÃÄ×À¸¸ç »ç¶÷µé°£ÀÇ »ç¶ûÀ» È£¼ÒÇÑ ÃàÁ¦±ØÀÎ
¡´ÇÏÀθ®È÷ Æù ¾È´õ³ªÈå Heinrich von Andernach¡µ(1925)¿Í °°Àº
Èıâ ÀÛǰµéÀ» ³º°Ô Çß´Ù. Èñ°î ¡´º¸³ªÆÄ¸£Å× Bonaparte¡µ(1927)´Â
³ªÄ¡ µ¶Àç°¡ ³ªÅ¸³¯ °ÍÀ» ¿¹ÃøÇß°í, ¡´¸óÅ×Ä«¸¦·Î ¼ÓÀÇ
º£¸¦¸° Berlin in Monte Carlo¡µ(1931)¡¤¡´Á¦·Î Zero¡µ(1932)¿¡¼ ÀçÂ÷
°æ°íÇß´Ù. 1932³â µ¶ÀÏÀ» ¶°³ª ÇÁ¶û½º¿Í ¹Ì±¹¿¡¼ »ì´Ù°¡, 1962³â
µ¶ÀÏ·Î µ¹¾Æ¿Ô´Ù.
|