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Chapman, Maria Weston, née WESTON (b. July 25, 1806, Weymouth, Mass., U.S.--d. July
12, 1885, Weymouth), U.S. Abolitionist who was the principal lieutenant to the
radical anti-slavery leader William Lloyd Garrison.
Her marriage in 1830 to Henry Grafton
Chapman, a Boston merchant, brought her into Abolitionist circles, and in 1832
with 12 other women she founded the Boston Female Anti-Slavery Society. In 1835,
as a violent mob was about to disrupt the group's meeting, Maria Chapman uttered
a statement long quoted by Abolitionists: "If this is the last bulwark of
freedom, we may as well die here as anywhere."
Chapman became chief assistant to
Garrison, helping him to run the Massachusetts Anti-Slavery Society and to edit The
Liberator, a widely-circulated Abolitionist publication. In 1839 she
published Right and Wrong in Massachusetts, a pamphlet that argued that the
deep divisions among Abolitionists stemmed from their disagreements over women's
rights. From 1839 to 1842 she also edited the Non-Resistant, the publication of Garrison's New England
Non-Resistance Society. Chapman raised funds for the Abolitionist movement by
organizing anti-slavery fairs throughout New England.
She edited Songs of the Free and Hymns of Christian Freedom in 1836 and wrote Memorials
of Harriet Martineau (1877), a biography of the English writer.
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