|
Pearson, Lester B(owles)

Lester B. Pearson, 1963
UPI/Corbis-Bettmann
|
(b. April 23, 1897, Toronto--d. Dec. 27, 1972, Ottawa), politician, diplomat, and prime
minister of Canada, who was prominent as a mediator in international disputes in 1963-68.
Pearson served in World War I (1914-18) and lectured in history at the
University of Toronto (1924-28), after studying there and at the University of Oxford. He
joined the Canadian foreign service in 1928 and became first secretary in the Department
of External Affairs. He served on two royal commissions (1931) and as counselor of the
Canadian high commissioner's office in London (1935).
Recalled to Canada in 1941, Pearson then served as ambassador to the United
States in 1945-46. He headed the Canadian delegation at the United Nations from 1948 to
1956, and he was president of the United Nations General Assembly in 1952-53. In 1948 he
became secretary of state for external affairs in the Liberal government of Louis Saint
Laurent and entered Parliament for Algoma East. He represented Canada at the founding of
the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) in 1949, and in 1951 he was chairman of that
organization. In 1957 he received the Nobel Prize for Peace for his efforts to solve the
Suez crisis of 1956. Pearson succeeded Saint Laurent as leader of the Liberal Party
in 1958 and became prime minister in 1963; he resigned as prime minister in 1968 and
retired from politics.
|
ÇǾ (Lester B(owles) Pearson).
1897. 4. 23 ij³ª´Ù Åä·ÐÅä~1972. 12. 27
¿ÀŸ¿Í.
ij³ª´ÙÀÇ Á¤Ä¡°¡¡¤¿Ü±³°ü.
1963~68³â ±¹Á¦ºÐÀïÀÇ ÁßÀçÀÚ·Î ¸í¼ºÀ» ³ô¿´´Ù. Á¦1Â÷
¼¼°è´ëÀü(1914~18)¿¡ ÂüÀüÇß°í, Åä·ÐÅä´ëÇб³¿Í
¿Á½ºÆÛµå´ëÇб³¿¡¼ °øºÎÇÑ ÈÄ 1924~28³â Åä·ÐÅä´ëÇб³¿¡¼
¿ª»ç°ÀǸ¦ ¸Ã¾Ò´Ù. 1928³â ij³ª´Ù ¿Ü¹«ºÎ¿¡ µé¾î°¡¼
¿Ü¹«ºÎÀÇ 1µî¼±â°üÀÌ µÇ¾ú´Ù. 2°³ÀÇ ¿Õ¸³À§¿øÈ¸(1931)¿Í ·±´ø
ÁÖÀç ij³ª´Ù °íµîÆÇ¹«°ü½ÇÀÇ Âü»ç°ü(1935)À¸·Î ÀÏÇß´Ù. 1941³â
º»±¹À¸·Î ¼ÒȯµÈ ÈÄ ÇǾÀº 1945~46³â ÁÖ¹Ì ´ë»ç·Î Ȱ¾àÇß´Ù.
1948~56³â ±¹Á¦¿¬ÇÕ(UN)¿¡ ÆÄ°ßµÈ ij³ª´Ù ´ëÇ¥´ÜÀ» À̲ø¾ú°í
1952~53³â UN ÃÑȸ ÀÇÀåÀ» ¿ªÀÓÇß´Ù. 1948³â ·çÀÌ »ý ·Î¶û ÀÚÀ¯´ç
Á¤±ÇÀÇ ¿Ü¹«Àå°üÀ» Áö³Â°í µ¿(ÔÔ)¾Ù°í¸¶ ÀÇȸ¿¡ Âü¿©Çß´Ù.
¶ÇÇÑ 1949³â ºÏ´ë¼¾çÁ¶¾à±â±¸(NATO) ¼³¸³½Ã ij³ª´Ù¸¦
´ëÇ¥Çß°í 1951³â NATOÀÇ ÀÇÀåÀÌ µÇ¾ú´Ù. 1957³â¿¡´Â 1956³â
¼ö¿¡Áî À§±â¸¦ ÇØ°áÇÏ´Â µ¥ ±â¿ïÀÎ ±×ÀÇ ³ë·ÂÀ» ÀÎÁ¤¹Þ¾Æ
³ëº§ ÆòÈ»óÀ» ¼ö»óÇß´Ù. ÇǾÀº 1958³â ÀÚÀ¯´ç ´ç¼ö·Î¼
»ý ·Î¶ûÀÇ µÚ¸¦ À̾ú°í 1963³â ÃѸ®°¡ µÇ¾ú´Ù. 1968³â ÃѸ®Á÷À»
»çÀÓÇÏ¸é¼ Á¤Ä¡Àϼ±¿¡¼ ÀºÅðÇß´Ù.
¡¡ |