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Nobel PEACE Prize Winners 


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Ossietzky, Carl von

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Ossietzky, Carl von (b. Oct. 3, 1889, Hamburg, Ger.--d. May 4, 1938, Berlin), German journalist and pacifist, winner of the Nobel Prize for Peace for 1935.

In 1912 Ossietzky joined the German Peace Society but was conscripted into the army and served throughout World War I. In 1920 he became the society's secretary in Berlin. Ossietzky helped to found the Nie Wieder Krieg (No More War) organization in 1922 and became editor of the Weltbühne, a liberal political weekly, in 1927, where in a series of articles he unmasked the Reichswehr leaders' secret preparations for rearmament. Accused of treason, Ossietzky was sentenced in November 1931 to 18 months' imprisonment but was granted amnesty in December 1932. When Adolf Hitler became chancellor, Ossietzky had resumed his editorship. Steadfastly refusing to flee Germany, he was arrested on Feb. 28, 1933, and sent to Papenburg concentration camp. He was transferred in May 1936 to a prison hospital and then to a private hospital, where he died of tuberculosis.

On Nov. 24, 1936, Ossietzky was awarded the Nobel Prize for Peace for 1935. The award was interpreted as an expression of worldwide censure of Nazism. Hitler's reply was a decree forbidding Germans to accept any Nobel Prize.

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