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MacBride, Seán
(b. Jan. 26, 1904, Paris, Fr.--d. Jan. 15, 1988, Dublin, Ire.), Irish statesman,
who was awarded the Nobel Prize for Peace in 1974 for his efforts on behalf of
human rights.
MacBride
was the son of the Irish actress and patriot Maud
Gonne and her husband, Major John MacBride,
who was executed in 1916 for his part in the Easter Rising of that year against
the British. Educated in Paris and Ireland, Seán
MacBride, like his parents, was a fighter for Irish liberty and an opponent
of the partition, and at age 24 he was chief of staff of the Irish Republican
Army. He worked as a journalist and then became a lawyer.
Eventually accepting the fact of
partition and the futility of warfare, he was elected to the Dáil
Éireann (House of Representatives) in 1947 and remained until 1958 as a
member of the Clann na Poblachta ("Republican Party"), which he had
founded in 1936. He was minister for external affairs in 1948-51. In 1950 he was
president of the Council of Foreign Ministers of the Council of Europe, and he
was vice president of the Organisation for European Economic Co-operation in
1948-51. MacBride was active in a
number of international organizations concerned with human rights, among them
the International Prisoners of Conscience Fund (trustee) and Amnesty
International (chairman, 1961-75), and he served as secretary-general of
the International Commission of Jurists. In 1973 he became United Nations
assistant secretary-general and commissioner for South West Africa/Namibia,
posts he held until 1977. In 1977 he was appointed president of the
International Commission for the Study of Communication Problems, set up by
UNESCO.
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¸Æºê¶óÀ̵å (Seán MacBride).
1904. 1. 26 ÇÁ¶û½º ÆÄ¸®~1988. 1. 15
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