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Fried,
Alfred Hermann (b. Nov. 11, 1864,
Vienna--d. May 5, 1921, Vienna), Austrian pacifist, publicist, co-founder of the
German peace movement, and co-winner (with Tobias Asser) of the Nobel Prize for
Peace in 1911.
In 1891 Fried, in Berlin, founded the pacifist periodical Die
Waffen nieder! ("Lay Down Your Arms!"), from 1899 called Friedenswarte
("The Peacekeeper"). In 1892 he founded the Deutsche
Friedensgesellschaft (German Peace Society), which became the focus for the
German pacifist movement before World War I. Fried advocated "fundamental pacifism" and believed that
"international anarchy" should be met by both legislative measures and
spiritual regeneration.
With the outbreak of World War I he
immigrated to Switzerland in protest against German policy. As editor of Blätter
für internationale Verständigung und zwischenstaatliche Organisation
("Papers for International Understanding and Inter-State
Organization"), he worked for an immediate peace. Fried
protested against the Treaty of Versailles but warned the Germans against
attempting to revise it by force. His works include Handbuch
der Friedensbewegung, 2 vol. (1911-13; "Handbook of the Peace
Movement"), and Mein Kriegtagebuch,
4 vol. (1918-20; "My War Diary").
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ÇÁ¸®Æ® (Alfred Hermann Fried).
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±¹Á¦Á¶Á÷À» À§ÇÑ ½Å¹® Blätter für internationale Verständigung
und zwischenstaatliche Organisation¡µÀÇ ÆíÁýÀÎÀ¸·Î¼ ½Ã±ÞÇÑ ÆòÈ
ȸº¹À» À§ÇØ ³ë·ÂÇß´Ù. ±×´Â º£¸£»çÀ¯ Á¶¾à¿¡ ¹Ý´ëÇßÀ¸³ª,
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°æ°íÇß´Ù. Àú¼·Î´Â ¡´Æòȿ¿¡ °üÇÏ¿© Handbuch der Friedensbewegung¡µ(2±Ç,
1911~13)¡¤¡´ÀüÀï ÀÏÁö Mein Kriegtagebuch¡µ(4±Ç, 1918~20) µîÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù.
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