|
Dunant,
Henri, in full JEAN-HENRI DUNANT (b. May 8,
1828, Geneva, Switz.--d. Oct. 30, 1910, Heiden), Swiss humanitarian, founder of
the Red Cross (now Red Cross and Red Crescent),
a founder of the World's Young Men's Christian Association, and cowinner of the
first Nobel Prize for Peace, in 1901.
An eyewitness of the Battle of Solferino (June 24,
1859), which resulted in nearly 40,000 casualties, Dunant organized
emergency aid services for the Austrian and French wounded. In Un Souvenir de Solférino (1862), he proposed the
formation in all countries of voluntary relief societies for the prevention and
alleviation of suffering in war and peacetime, without distinction of race or
creed; he also proposed an international agreement covering the war wounded. In
1864, the year he founded the Red Cross, the first national societies and the
first Geneva Convention came into being.
Having gone bankrupt because he neglected his
business affairs, Dunant left Geneva in 1867 and spent most of the rest
of his life in poverty and obscurity. He continued to promote interest in the
treatment of prisoners of war, the abolition of slavery, international
arbitration, disarmament, and the establishment of a Jewish homeland. After he
was "rediscovered" by a journalist at Heiden, Switz., in 1895, Dunant received many honours and annuities, including the first Nobel Prize for
Peace.
|
µÚ³¶
[(Jean-)
Henri Dunant
]
1828.
5. 8 Á¦³×¹Ù~1910. 10. 30 ½ºÀ§½º ÇÏÀ̵§.
½ºÀ§½ºÀÇ
ÀεµÁÖÀÇÀÚ.
Àû½ÊÀÚ»ç
¹× ±âµ¶±³Ã»³âȸ¸¦ ⸳ÇßÀ¸¸ç 1901³â ù¹øÂ°
³ëº§ ÆòÈ»óÀ» °øµ¿¼ö»óÇß´Ù.
1859³â 6¿ù 24ÀÏ 4¸¸ ¸í °¡·® µÇ´Â ºÎ»óÀÚ¸¦ ³½ ¼ÖÆä¸®³ë
ÀüÅõ¸¦ ¸ñ°ÝÇÏ°í¼ ¿À½ºÆ®¸®¾Æ¿Í ÇÁ¶û½ºÀÇ ºÎ»óÀÚµéÀ» À§ÇØ
±ä±Þ±¸Á¶´ë¸¦ ¸¸µé¾ú´Ù. 1862³â¿¡´Â ¡´¼ÖÆä¸®³ëÀÇ Ãß¾ï Un
Souvenir de Solférino¡µÀ» ÃâÆÇ, ÀÎÁ¾°ú Á¾±³¿¡ »ó°ü¾øÀÌ
ÀüÀï½Ã³ª ÆòȽÃÀÇ °íÅëÀ» ¹Ì¸® ¸·±â À§ÇØ ¸ðµç ³ª¶ó¿¡
ÀÚ¹ßÀûÀÎ ±¸È£´Üü¸¦ ¼¼¿ï °Í°ú ÀüÀï ºÎ»óÀڵ鿡 °üÇÑ
Á¶Ç×ÀÌ µé¾î°£ ±¹Á¦ÇùÁ¤À» ¸ÎÀ» °ÍÀ» Á¦¾ÈÇß´Ù. 1864³â
±¹Á¦Àû½ÊÀڻ簡 ⸳µÇ¾úÀ¸¸ç ¾Æ¿ï·¯ ù¹øÂ° Á¦³×¹Ù Á¶¾àÀÌ
ÀÌ·ç¾îÁ³´Ù.
»ç¾÷À»
Á¦´ë·Î µ¹º¸Áö ¾Ê¾Æ ÆÄ»êÇÑ µÚ 1867³â Á¦³×¹Ù¸¦
¶°³ª °¡³ÇÏ°Ô »ì¾ÒÀ¸³ª °è¼ÓÇØ¼ ÀüÀï Æ÷·Î¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ´ë¿ì,
³ë¿¹Á¦µµ ÆóÁö, ±¹Á¦Àû ÁßÀç, ¹«ÀåÇØÁ¦, À¯´ëÀÎ ±¹°¡¼ö¸³À»
À§ÇØ ³ë·ÂÇß´Ù. 1895³â ¾î´À ½Å¹®±âÀÚ°¡ ÇÏÀ̵§¿¡¼ ±×¸¦ '´Ù½Ã
¹ß°ß'Çß´Ù.
|