|
Cassin, René
(-Samuel) (b. Oct. 5, 1887, Bayonne, Fr.--d. Feb. 20,
1976, Paris), French jurist, president of the European Court of Human Rights,
and principal author of the UN Declaration of the Rights of Man; he won the 1968
Nobel Prize for Peace.
The son of a Jewish merchant, Cassin
studied law before entering the French Army in World War I. During the war
he sustained a severe abdominal wound, the effects of which troubled him for the
rest of his life. He later became a professor of international law in Paris and
then, from 1924 to 1938, served as a French delegate to the League of Nations
assemblies and disarmament conferences in Geneva. After the fall of France in
June 1940, he joined Gen. Charles de Gaulle in London and served as a key member
of the Free French government in exile.
After World War II Cassin became president of the Council of State (Conseil d'État),
France's highest administrative court, and held other high legal and
administrative offices in France. Internationally, he helped found the United
Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) in 1944 and
was a French delegate to UNESCO from 1945 to 1952. A French representative to
the United Nations from 1946 to 1968, he was president of the UN Commission on
the Rights of Man (1947-48) and helped to draft the Declaration of the Rights of
Man. From 1965 to 1968 he was president of the European Court of Human Rights. Cassin
received the Nobel Prize for Peace on Dec. 20, 1968, the 20th anniversary of
the ratification of the UN Declaration. He was also a Zionist and campaigner for
Jewish rights and was president of the Alliance Israélite in France.
|
Ä«»ý (René(-Samuel) Cassin).
1887. 10. 5 ÇÁ¶û½º ¹Ù¿æ~1976. 2. 20 ÆÄ¸®.
ÇÁ¶û½ºÀÇ ¹ýÇÐÀÚ.
À¯·´ ÀαÇÀçÆÇ¼ÒÀåÀ» Áö³Â°í, ±¹Á¦¿¬ÇÕ(UN) ÀαǼ±¾ðÀ»
±âÃÊÇßÀ¸¸ç, 1968³â¿¡ ³ëº§ ÆòÈ»óÀ» ¼ö»óÇß´Ù.
À¯´ë »óÀÎÀÇ ¾Æµé·Î ÅÂ¾î³ Ä«»ýÀº Á¦1Â÷ ¼¼°è´ëÀü ´ç½Ã
ÇÁ¶û½º À°±º¿¡ ÀÔ´ëÇϱâ Àü ¹ýÇÐÀ» °øºÎÇß´Ù. ÀüÀïÁß º¹ºÎ¿¡
ÀÔÀº ºÎ»óÀ¸·Î ¿©»ýÀ» °íÅ뽺·´°Ô º¸³Â´Ù. ÀüÈÄ ÆÄ¸®¿¡¼
±¹Á¦¹ý±³¼ö·Î ÀÏÇßÀ¸¸ç, 1924~38³â¿¡´Â Á¦³×¹ÙÀÇ ±¹Á¦¿¬¸Í
ȸÀÇ¿Í ±ºÃàȸÀÇ¿¡ ÇÁ¶û½º ´ëÇ¥·Î Âü¼®ÇÏ¿© Ȱµ¿Çß´Ù. 1940³â
6¿ù ÇÁ¶û½º ÇÔ¶ô ÈÄ ·±´ø¿¡¼ »þ¸¦ µå°ñ À屺°ú ÇÕ·ùÇÏ¿©
ÀÚÀ¯ ÇÁ¶û½º ¸Á¸íÁ¤ºÎÀÇ ¿äÀÎÀ¸·Î Ȱ¾àÇß´Ù. Á¦2Â÷ ¼¼°è´ëÀü
ÈÄ Ä«»ýÀº ÇÁ¶û½º ÃÖ°íÇàÁ¤ÀçÆÇ¼ÒÀÎ ±¹Âü»ç¿ø(Äá¼¼À̵¥Å¸)ÀÇ
¿øÀåÀÌ µÇ¾ú°í, ÇÁ¶û½º »ç¹ý¡¤ÇàÁ¤ ºÎ¹®ÀÇ ¿äÁ÷À» µÎ·ç
¿ªÀÓÇß´Ù. ±¹Á¦ÀûÀ¸·Î´Â 1944³â¿¡ ±¹Á¦¿¬ÇÕ±³À°°úÇй®È±â±¸(UNESCO)
¼³¸³¿¡ Âü¿©ÇßÀ¸¸ç, 1945~ 52³â¿¡´Â UNESCO ÇÁ¶û½º ´ëÇ¥·Î
Âü¼®Çß´Ù. 1946~ 68³â¿¡ UN ÇÁ¶û½º ´ëÇ¥¸¦ Áö³»¸é¼ UN
ÀαÇÀ§¿øÈ¸ÀÇ ÀÇÀåÀ¸·Î Ȱµ¿Çß°í(1947~48), ÀαǼ±¾ðÀ»
±âÃÊÇÏ´Â µ¥¿¡µµ ÈûÀ» ±â¿ï¿´´Ù. ÀαǼ±¾ð ºñÁØ 20ÁÖ³â
±â³äÀÏÀÎ 1968³â 12¿ù 20ÀÏ¿¡ ³ëº§ ÆòÈ»óÀ» ¼ö»óÇß´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ
½Ã¿À´Ï½ºÆ®¿´´ø ±×´Â À¯´ëÀÎÀÇ ±Ç¸®¸¦ À§ÇØ È°µ¿ÇÑ
¿îµ¿°¡·Î¼ ÇÁ¶û½º¿¡ ÀÖ´ø À̽º¶ó¿¤ÀÎ µ¿¸ÍÀÇ ÀÇÀåÀ¸·Îµµ
Ȱµ¿Çß´Ù. UN ÀαǼ±¾ð¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ±×ÀÇ Áö´ëÇÑ °øÇåÀ»
ÀÎÁ¤¹ÞÇÏ¿© 1987³â ź»ý 100ÁÖ³âÀ» ¸Â¾Æ ±×ÀÇ À¯ÇØ´Â ÇÁ¶û½ºÀÇ
À§Àε鸸ÀÌ ¹¯È÷´Â ÆÄ¸®ÀÇ ÆÎÅ׿ËÀ¸·Î ¿Å°ÜÁ® ¾ÈÀåµÇ¾ú´Ù.
|