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Abolitionism

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lynching

»çÇü

lynching, form of mob violence in which a mob executes a presumed offender, often also torturing him and mutilating his body, without trial, under the pretense of administering justice. The term "lynch law" refers to a self-constituted court that imposes sentence on a person without due process of law. Both terms are derived from the name of Charles Lynch, a Virginia planter and patriot who, during the American Revolution, headed an irregular court formed to punish Loyalists.

»çÇü (Þçúý, lynching)

±ºÁ߯ø·ÂÀÇ ÇÑ ÇüÅ·μ­, ±ºÁßÀÌ ¹ýÀ» ÁýÇàÇÑ´Ù´Â ±¸½ÇÇÏ¿¡ ÀçÆÇ ¾øÀÌ ¹ü¹ýÇøÀÇÀÚ¿¡°Ô °í¹®À̳ª ½ÅüÀý´Ü µîÀÇ Á¦À縦 °¡ÇÏ´Â °Í.

»çÇü¹ý(lynch law)Àº Àû¹ýÀýÂ÷¿¡ ÀÇÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í ¾î¶² ÀÚ¿¡°Ô Çü¹úÀ» °¡ÇÏ´Â ÀÚÀÓÀçÆÇ(í»ìòî®÷÷ self-constituted court)À» °¡¸®Å²´Ù. µÎ ¿ë¾î´Â ¸ðµÎ ¹Ì±¹ µ¶¸³Çõ¸í±â¿¡ ±¹¿ÕÆÄ(¿µ±¹ÁöÁöÆÄ)¸¦ ó¹úÇϱâ À§ÇØ ±¸¼ºµÈ ºñÁ¤±ÔÀû ¹ý¿øÀ» À̲ø¾ú´ø ¹öÁö´Ï¾ÆÀÇ ´ë³óÀåÁÖÀÌÀÚ ¾Ö±¹ÀÚÀÎ Âû½º ¸°Ä¡ÀÇ À̸§¿¡¼­ À¯·¡ÇÑ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

Summary and irregular justice have been practiced in many countries under unsettled conditions whenever informally organized groups have attempted to supplement or replace legal procedure. The fehmic courts of medieval Germany had some aspects of lynching, as did the gibbet law and Cowper justice of border districts in England. The Santa Hermandad institution in medieval Spain and pogroms directed against Jews in Russia and Poland were similar, though in these cases there was support from legally constituted authorities.

¾à½ÄÀçÆÇ ¹× ºñÁ¤±ÔÀçÆÇÀº ºñ°ø½ÄÀûÀ¸·Î °á¼ºµÈ Áý´ÜµéÀÌ ¹ýÀû ÀýÂ÷ÀÇ º¸ÃæÀ̳ª ´ëü¸¦ ±âµµÇÏ´Â ºÒ¾ÈÁ¤ÇÑ »óȲÇÏ¿¡ ÀÖ´ø ¸¹Àº ³ª¶ó¿¡¼­ ÇàÇØÁ®¿Ô´Ù. Áß¼¼ µ¶ÀÏÀÇ ºñ¹ÐÀçÆÇ(fehmic courts), ¿µ±¹ ±¹°æÁö¿ªÀÇ ±³¼öÇü¹ý(gibbet law)°ú ÄíÆÛ ÀçÆÇ(Cowper justice)Àº ¾î´À Á¤µµ »çÇüÀÇ ¿ä¼Ò¸¦ Áö´Ï°í ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ Áß¼¼ ½ºÆäÀÎÀÇ »êŸ¿¡¸£¸¸´Ùµå(Santa Hermandad) Á¦µµ ¹× ·¯½Ã¾Æ¿Í Æú¶õµå¿¡¼­ ÇàÇØÁ³´ø À¯´ëÀÎ ´ëÇлì(pogroms)µµ ÇÕ¹ýÀûÀ¸·Î ±¸¼ºµÈ ±â°üÀÇ Áö¿øÀÌ ÀÖ±â´Â ÇßÁö¸¸ ±×¿Í À¯»çÇÑ °ÍÀ̾ú´Ù.

Statistics of reported lynching in the United States indicate that, between 1882 and 1951, 4,730 persons were lynched, of whom 1,293 were white and 3,437 were black. Lynching continued to be associated with racial disputes during the 1950s and '60s when civil rights workers and advocates were threatened and in some cases killed by mobs.

 ¹Ì±¹¿¡¼­ º¸°íµÈ »çÇü¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Åë°è¿¡ µû¸£¸é 1882~1951³â¿¡ 4,730¸íÀÌ »çÇüÀ» ´çÇߴµ¥, ±×Áß 1,293¸íÀÌ ¹éÀÎÀ̰í 3,437¸íÀÌ ÈæÀÎÀ̾ú´Ù. 1950, 1960³â´ë¿¡´Â ÀÎÁ¾ºÐ±Ô¿Í °ü·ÃÇÏ¿© »çÇüÀÌ °è¼Ó ÇàÇØÁ³´Âµ¥, ´ç½Ã ¹Î±Ç¿îµ¿°¡µé°ú ±× ÁöÁöÀÚµéÀº À§Çù¿¡ Ã³ÇØ ÀÖ¾úÀ¸¸ç ±ºÁß¿¡ ÀÇÇØ »ìÇØ´çÇÑ »ç·Êµµ ÀÖ´Ù.

 

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Ableman v. Booth ] Adams, John Quincy ] "America" - By James M Whitfield ] Amistad mutiny ] Anti-Slavery Convention Address - Angelina Grimke's ] American Anti-Slavery Society ] From David Walker's Appeal - Our Wretchedness in Consequence of Slavery ] Birney, James Gillespie ] Black Code ] Bleeding Kansas ] Brown, William Wells ] Brown, John ] Chapman, Maria Weston ] Child, Lydia Maria ] Clay, Cassius Marcellus ] Compromise of 1850 ] Crandall, Prudence ] Emancipation Proclamation ] Forced Labour ] Foster, Abigail Kelley ] freedman ] Freedmen's Bureau ] Freetown ] Fugitive Slave Acts ] gag rule ] Grimke, Sarah (Moore) and Angelina (Emily) ] From The Liberator  - By William Lloyd Garrison ] Liberty Party ] Abraham Lincoln ] [ lynching ] The Martyr - From Uncle Tom¡¯s Cabin ] Middle Passage ] Missouri Compromise ] peonage ] personal-liberty laws ] On the Reception of Abolition Petitions ] Racism ] Reconstruction ] Serfdom ] Sharp, Granville ] Congregations Sites for the Abolitioninsts ] Stevens, Thaddeus ] Thoreau's "A Plea for Captain John Brown" ] Uncle Tom's Cabin and American Culture ] Truth, Sojourner ] Turner, Nat ] Underground Railroad ] Whittier, John Greenleaf ]


Ȩ ] Wiliam LLoyd Garrison ] Frederick Douglass ] The Liberator ] Thomas Clarkson ] Wilberforce, William ] Uncle Tom's Cabin ] Slavery ] °ü·Ã ¹®¼­µé ]


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