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Crandall,
Prudence
(b. Sept. 3, 1803, Hopkinton, R.I.,
U.S.--d. Jan. 28, 1890, Elk Falls, Kan.), American schoolteacher whose attempt
to educate black girls aroused controversy in the 1830s.
Educated in the Friends' school at
Providence, R.I., she taught at Plainfield, Conn., and then in 1831 established
a private academy for girls at Canterbury, Conn. Although the school was
recognized as one of the best in the state, she lost her white patrons by
admitting a black girl, and in March 1833, on the advice of William
Lloyd Garrison and Samuel J. May, she opened a school for "young
ladies and little misses of colour." For this she was socially ostracized;
and eventually the state legislature passed Connecticut's Black Law (repealed in
1838), prohibiting the establishment of schools for nonresident blacks in any
city or township of Connecticut without the consent of the local authorities.
Crandall, refusing to submit, was arrested, tried, and convicted in the lower
courts; the verdict, however, was reversed by the court of appeals in July 1834.
Thereupon the local opposition to her redoubled, and in September 1834 she was
finally forced to close her school. She married the Reverend Calvin Philleo, a
Baptist clergyman, in 1834, and they moved to Illinois. After her husband's
death, she lived with her brother in Kansas.
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