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XII. WHAT IS FAITH? |
XII. ½Å¾ÓÀº ¹«¾ùÀΰ¡? |
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I believe Christ's teaching; and this is what I believe. |
³ª´Â ±×¸®½ºµµÀÇ °¡¸£Ä§À» ¹Ï´Â´Ù; ±×¸®°í À̰ÍÀÌ
³»°¡ ¹Ï´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. |
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I believe that my welfare in the world will only be possible when all
men fulfill Christ's teaching. |
³ª´Â, ¼¼»ó¿¡¼ÀÇ ³ªÀÇ ÇູÀº ¸ðµç »ç¶÷µéÀÌ
±×¸®½ºµµÀÇ °¡¸£Ä§À» ½ÇÇàÇÒ ¶§¿¡, ¿ÀÁ÷ °¡´ÉÇÏ´Ù°í
¹Ï´Â´Ù. |
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I believe that the fulfillment of that teaching is possible, easy, and
joyful. |
³ª´Â, ±×¸®½ºµµÀÇ °¡¸£Ä§À» ½ÇÇàÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ °¡´ÉÇϰí,
½¬¿ì¸ç, ±×¸®°í Áñ°Ì´Ù°í ¹Ï´Â´Ù. |
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I believe that before that teaching is universally followed, even were
I alone in fulfilling it, there is still nothing for me to do to save my
life from inevitable ruin but to fulfill that teaching, just as there is
no alternative way of escape from a burning house for a man who has found
the door leading to safety. |
³ª´Â, ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ °¡¸£Ä§À» º¸ÆíÀûÀ¸·Î µû¸£±â Àü¿¡,
½ÉÁö¾î ±×°ÍÀ» ÀÌÇàÇÔ¿¡ ÀÖ¾î¼ ³ª È¥ÀÚÀÏÁö¶óµµ, ÇÇÇÒ
¼ö ¾ø´Â ÆÄ¸ê¿¡¼ ³ªÀÇ »îÀ» ±¸Çϱâ À§ÇØ ³»°¡ ÇÒ ÀÏÀº
ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ °¡¸£Ä§À» ½ÇÇàÇÏ´Â °Í ¸»°í´Â ¾øÀ¸¸ç, À̰ÍÀº
ÇǽÅÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¹®À» ¹ß°ßÇÑ »ç¶÷¿¡°Ô ȰȰ Ÿ°í ÀÖ´Â
ÁýÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ Å»ÃâÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¾î¶² ´Ù¸¥ ¹æ¹ýÀÌ ¾ø´Â
°Í°úµµ °°´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ¹Ï´Â´Ù. |
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I believe that the life I lived in accord with the world's teaching
was tormenting, and that only life in accord with Christ's teaching
gives me in this world the welfare the Father of life intended for me. |
³ª´Â, ¼¼»óÀÇ °¡¸£Ä§À» µû¶ó¼ »ì¾Ò´ø »îÀº
±«·Î¿üÀ¸¸ç, ¿ÀÁ÷ ±×¸®½ºµµÀÇ °¡¸£Ä§¿¡ µû¸£´Â »îÀÌ ÀÌ
¼¼»ó¿¡¼ »îÀÇ ¾Æ¹öÁö°¡ ³»°Ô ÀǵµÇÏ´Â ÇູÀ» ³»°Ô
Áشٴ °ÍÀ» ¹Ï´Â´Ù. |
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I believe that this teaching confers blessedness on all humanity, saves
me from inevitable destruction, and gives me here the greatest possible
welfare. Therefore I cannot but accept it. |
³ª´Â, ÀÌ °¡¸£Ä§ÀÌ ¸ðµç Àηù¿¡°Ô ÇູÀ» ÁÖ°í, ³ª¸¦
ÇÇÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Â ÆÄ¸ê·ÎºÎÅÍ ±¸¿øÇØÁÖ¸ç, ±×¸®°í Áö»ó¿¡¼
°¡´ÉÇÑ ÃÖ°íÀÇ ÇູÀ» Áشٴ °ÍÀ» ¹Ï´Â´Ù. ±×·¯¹Ç·Î
³ª´Â ±×°ÍÀ» ¹Þ¾ÆµéÀÏ ¼ö ¹Û¿¡ ¾ø´Ù. |
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'The law was given by Moses; grace and truth came by Jesus Christ'
(John i. 17). Christ's teach¡©ing is welfare and truth. Formerly, not
knowing the truth, I did not know welfare. Mistaking evil for good I fell
into evil and doubted the rightness of my strivings after goodness. Now I
have under¡©stood and believed that the goodness towards which I strove is
the will of the Father and the most legitimate essence of my life. |
¡®À²¹ýÀº ¸ð¼¼·Î ¸»¹Ì¾Ï¾Æ ÁֽаÍÀÌ¿ä, Çູ°ú
Áø¸®´Â ±×¸®½ºµµ ±×¸®½ºµµ·Î ¸»¹Ì¾Ï¾Æ ¿Â °ÍÀ̴϶ó¡¯(¿äÇѺ¹À½
1Àå 17Àý) ±×¸®½ºµµÀÇ °¡¸£Ä§Àº Çູ°ú Áø¸®ÀÌ´Ù. ³ª´Â
°ú°Å¿¡µµ Áø¸®¸¦ ¾ËÁö ¸øÇßÀ¸¹Ç·Î Çູµµ ¸øÇß´Ù. ³ª´Â
¾ÇÀ» ¼±ÀÌ¶ó º¸°í ¾Ç¿¡ ºüÁ³À¸¸ç, ÇູÀ» ã´Â ³ª
ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ³ë·ÂÀ» ÀǽÉÇß¾ú´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ÀÌÁ¦¾ß ³»°¡
¿¸ÁÇϰí ÀÖ´Â ¼±ÀÌ ¾Æ¹öÁöÀÇ ¶æÀ̸ç, ³ªÀÇ »îÀÇ
ÇÕ¹ýÀûÀÎ ½ÇÀç¶ó´Â °ÍÀ» ÀÌÇØÇϰí, ¹Ï´Â´Ù. |
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Christ has said to me: Live for goodness, but do not trust those snares
( ) which, tempting you with a simulacrum of what is good,
deprive you of goodness and trap you into evil. Your welfare lies in your
unity with all men; evil is the infringe¡©ment of that unity of the son of
man. Do not de¡©prive yourself of that welfare which is given you. |
±×¸®½ºµµ°¡ ³»°Ô ¸»Çß´Ù: ¼±À» À§ÇØ »ì¶ó, ±×·¯³ª
À¯È¤µé( )À»
¹ÏÁö ¸»¶ó, ±×°ÍµéÀº, ¼±ÇÑ °ÍÀ» ¸ð¹æÇÏ¿© ³Ê¸¦
À¯È¤Çϰí, ³Ê¿¡°Ô¼ ¼±À» »©¾ÑÀ» °ÍÀÌ¸ç ¾Ç¿¡ °É·Áµé°Ô
ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ³ÊÀÇ ÇູÀº ¸ðµç »ç¶÷°úÀÇ ÀÏÄ¡¿¡ ³õ¿©
ÀÖ´Ù; ¾ÇÀº »ç¶÷ÀÇ ¾Æµé°úÀÇ ±×·± ÀÏÄ¡¸¦ ±úÆ®¸®´Â
°ÍÀÌ´Ù. ³Ê¿¡°Ô ÁÖ¾îÁø ÇູÀ» ÀÒ¾î ¹ö¸®Áö ¸»¶ó. |
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Christ has shown me that the unity of the son of man, the love of men
among themselves, is not, as it formerly seemed to me, an aim towards
which people should strive, but that this unity, this love of men among
one another, is their natural con¡©dition, in which children are born
according to Christ's words and in which all men live until this
condition is infringed by fraud, error, or temptation. |
»ç¶÷ÀÇ ¾Æµé°úÀÇ ÀÏÄ¡´Â, »ç¶÷µéÀÌ ¼·Î »ç¶ûÇÔÀº,
°ú°Å¿¡ ³»°Ô ´À²¸Áö´ø °Íó·³, »ç¶÷µéÀÌ Ãß±¸ÇØ¾ß ÇÒ
¸ñÀûÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, ÀÌ·± ÀÏÄ¡´Â, ÀÌ·¸°Ô »ç¶÷µéÀÌ ¼·Î
»ç¶ûÇÔÀº, ±×µéÀÇ ÀÚ¿¬ÀûÀÎ »óÅÂÀ̸ç, ±× ¾È¿¡¼
±×¸®½ºµµÀÇ ¸»¾¸¿¡ µû¶ó ¾ÆÀ̵éÀÌ Å¾¸ç, ±× ¾È¿¡¼
ÀÌ·± »óŰ¡ ±â¸¸, ¿À·ù ¶Ç´Â À¯È¤¿¡ ÀÇÇØ¼ ÆÄ±«µÉ
¶§±îÁö ¸ðµç »ç¶÷µéÀÌ »ê´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ±×¸®½ºµµ°¡ ³»°Ô
º¸¿© ÁÖ¾ú´Ù. |
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But Christ not only showed me that; he clearly, beyond possibility of
error, enumerated for me in his commandments all the temptations which had
deprived me of that natural condition of unity, love, and blessedness and
had drawn me into evil. The commands of Christ give me the means of
salvation from the temptations which have deprived me of my welfare, and
therefore I cannot but believe in those commandments. |
±×·¯³ª ±×¸®½ºµµ´Â ´Ü¼øÈ÷ À̰͸¸ ³ª¿¡°Ô º¸¿©ÁØ
°ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù; ¸ðµç ¿À·ùÀÇ °¡´É¼ºÀ» ÃÊ¿ùÇÏ¿© ¸í¹éÇϰÔ,
³ª¿¡°Ô¼ ÀÏÄ¡, »ç¶û, ±×¸®°í Çູ°ú °°Àº ÀÚ¿¬ÀûÀÎ
»óŸ¦ ¾Ñ¾Æ°¡°í ³ª¸¦ ¾ÇÀ¸·Î ¹Ð¾î³ÖÀº ¸ðµç À¯È¤µéÀ»,
±×ÀÇ °è¸í ¾È¿¡¼ ³ª¿¡°Ô Çϳª¾¿ º¸¿©ÁÖ¾ú´Ù.
±×¸®½ºµµÀÇ ¸í·ÉµéÀº ³ª¿¡°Ô¼ ³ªÀÇ ÇູÀ» »©¾Ñ¾Æ
°¡¹ö¸° À¯È¤µé·ÎºÎÅÍ ±¸¿øÀÇ ¹æ¹ýÀ» ³ª¿¡°Ô ÁØ´Ù,
±×·¯¹Ç·Î ³ª´Â ±×·¯ÇÑ °è¸íµéÀ» ¹ÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» ¼ö ¾ø´Ù. |
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I was given the blessing of life, and I myself ruined it. Christ by his
commandments showed me the temptations through which I ruin my happi¡©ness
and therefore I cannot continue to do what ruins it. In that and in that
alone is my whole belief. |
³ª´Â »îÀÇ ÇູÀ» ¹Þ¾ÒÀ¸¸ç, ³ª ÀÚ½ÅÀº ±×°ÍÀ»
ÆÄ±«Çß´Ù. ±×¸®½ºµµ´Â ±×ÀÇ °è¸íµé·Î¼ ³»°¡ ³ªÀÇ
ÇູÀ» ÆÄ±«ÇÏ´Â À¯È¤µéÀ» ³»°Ô º¸¿©ÁÖ¾ú´Ù ±×·¯¹Ç·Î
³ª´Â ±×°ÍÀ» ÆÄ±«ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» °è¼ÓÇØ¼ ÇàÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù.
¹Ù·Î ÀÌÁ¡¿¡, ¿ÀÁ÷ ÀÌ·± Á¡¿¡ ³ªÀÇ Àüü ¹ÏÀ½ÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. |
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Christ showed me that the first temptation which destroys the good of
life is enmity, anger against other men. I cannot but believe this, and
therefore can no longer deliberately bear ill-will to others; I cannot, as
I used to do formerly, take pleasure in my anger, be proud of it, inflame
it, and justify it by considering myself important and wise and other
people insignificant, lost, and senseless. I can now no longer, at
the first indication that I am giving way to anger, fail to acknowledge
that I alone am guilty and to seek reconciliation with those who strive
against me. |
±×¸®½ºµµ´Â »îÀÇ ÇູÀ» ÆÄ±«ÇÏ´Â Á¦ 1ÀÇ À¯È¤Àº Áõ¿À,
Áï ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µé¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ºÐ³ëÀÓÀ», ³»°Ô º¸¿©ÁÖ¾ú´Ù.
³ª´Â À̰ÍÀ» ¹ÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» ¼ö ¾ø´Ù, ±×·¯¹Ç·Î ´õ ÀÌ»ó
°íÀÇÀûÀ¸·Î ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô ¾ÇÀǸ¦ °¡Áú ¼ö ¾ø´Ù; ³ª´Â,
°ú°Å¿¡ ±×·¨´ø °Íó·³, ³ªÀÇ ºÐ³ë¸¦ Áñ°Å¿öÇϰí, ±×°ÍÀ»
ÀÚ¶û½º·¯¿ö Çϸç, ±×°Í¿¡ ºÒÀ» ºÙÀ̸ç, ³ª ÀÚ½ÅÀ»
Áß¿äÇϰí ÁöÇý·Î¿ì¸ç ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µéÀº ÇÏÂú°í, ¸ÁÇßÀ¸¸ç,
±×¸®°í ¹ÌÃÆ´Ù°í ¿©±èÀ¸·Î½á, ±×°ÍÀ» Á¤´çÈÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù.
³ª´Â ÀÌÁ¦ ´õ ÀÌ»ó, ³»°¡ ºÐ³ë¿¡ ±¼º¹Çϰí ÀÖ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ»
´À³¢ÀÚ¸¶ÀÚ, ¿ÀÁ÷ ³»°¡ À¯Á˶ó´Â °ÍÀ» ½ÃÀÎÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» ¼ö
¾øÀ¸¸ç, ³ª¿¡°Ô ´ëÇ×ÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷µé°ú ÈÇØ¸¦ ±¸ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ»
¼ö ¾ø´Ù. |
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But that is not enough. If I now know that my anger is an unnatural
condition, harmful for me, I also know what temptation brings me to it.
That temptation consists in the fact that I have separated myself from
other people, considering only some of them to be my equals and all the
rest to be mere ciphers, not real men ( ) or stupid and un¡©educated
(irrational). I now see that this separa¡©tion of myself from others and
this estimation of others, as raca and senseless, was the chief
cause of my enmity against men. Remembering my former life I now see that
I never allowed my hostile feel¡©ing to flame up against those I
considered to be my superiors and never insulted them, but that the
smallest action that was unpleasant to me from a man I considered beneath
me provoked my anger and caused me to insult him, and the more I thought
myself above such a man the more ready was I to insult him; sometimes the
mere imagination of the inferiority of a man's position caused me to
insult him. Now I remember that that man alone is superior to others who
humbles himself before others and is the servant of all. I now understand
why that which is exalted among men is an abomination before God, and why
woe befalls the rich and famous and the poor and humble are blessed. |
±×·¯³ª À̰ÍÀ¸·Î ÃæºÐÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Ù. ¸¸ÀÏ ³»°¡ Áö±Ý ³ªÀÇ
ºÐ³ë°¡ ºñÀÚ¿¬ÀûÀ̰í ÇØ·Ó´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ¾È´Ù¸é, ³ª´Â ¶ÇÇÑ
¾î¶² À¯È¤ÀÌ ³ª¸¦ ºÐ³ë¿¡ À̸£°Ô ÇÏ´ÂÁö ¾È´Ù. ±×·¯ÇÑ
À¯È¤Àº ³»°¡, ¿ÀÁ÷ ±×µé ÁßÀÇ ¸î ¸í¸¸ ³ª¿Í °°Àº ÀÚÀ̸ç
¸ðµç ³ª¸ÓÁö´Â ´Ü¼øÈ÷ ÇÏÂúÀº ÀÚµéÀ̸ç, ¸ê¸ÁÇÑ ÀÚµé( ),
¶Ç´Â ¾î¸®¼®°í ¹«ÁöÇÑ(ºñÀ̼ºÀûÀÎ)
ÀÚµé·Î ¿©±â¸é¼, ÀÚ½ÅÀ» ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µé°ú ±¸º°Çß´Ù´Â
»ç½Ç¿¡ ÀÖ´Ù. ³ª´Â ÀÌÁ¦, raca
¹× ¾î¸®¼®´Ù°í ¿©±â´Â, ³ª¿Í ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µé¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀÌ·±
±¸º° ±×¸®°í ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µé¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀÌ·± Æò°¡°¡ »ç¶÷µé¿¡
´ëÇÑ ³ªÀÇ Áõ¿ÀÀÇ ÁÖµÈ ¿øÀÎÀ̾úÀ½À» ¾È´Ù. ³ªÀÇ ÀÌÀüÀÇ
»îÀ» ±â¾ïÇØ º¸°í¼ ´ÙÀ½À» ¾Ë ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù, ³ªº¸´Ù
¿ì¿ùÇÏ´Ù°í ¿©±ä »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô´Â °áÄÚ ³ªÀÇ Àû´ëÀûÀÎ
°¨Á¤ÀÌ Å¸¿À¸£µµ·Ï ÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾ÒÀ¸¸ç °áÄÚ ±×µéÀ»
¸ð¿åÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾ÒÁö¸¸, ³ªº¸´Ù ¿µîÇÏ´Ù°í ¿©±ä
»ç¶÷¿¡°Ô¼ ºÒÄèÇÏ°Ô ´À³¢´Â Áö±ØÈ÷ »ç¼ÒÇÑ ÇàÀ§´Â
³ªÀÇ ºÐ³ë¸¦ ºÒ·¯¿Í¼ ±×¸¦ ¸ð¿åÇϵµ·Ï ÇÏ¿´À¸¸ç, ³»°¡
±×·± »ç¶÷º¸´Ù ¿ì¿ùÇÏ´Ù°í »ý°¢Çϸé ÇÒ¼ö·Ï ³ª´Â ´õ¿í
½±»ç¸® ±×µé ¸ð¿åÇÏ¿´´ø °ÍÀÌ´Ù; ¶§·Î´Â »ç¶÷ÀÇ ÁöÀ§°¡
¿µîÇÏ´Ù´Â ´Ü¼øÇÑ »ó»ó¸¸À¸·Î ³ª·Î ÇÏ¿©±Ý ±×¸¦
¸ð¿åÇÏ°Ô ÇÑ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ³ª´Â ÀÌÁ¦ ±â¾ïÇÑ´Ù, ÀÚ±â ÀÚ½ÅÀ»
´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µé ¾Õ¿¡¼ ³·Ãß¸ç ¸ðµç »ç¶÷µéÀÇ Á¾À̵ǴÂ
±×·± »ç¶÷¸¸ÀÌ ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷º¸´Ù ³ôÀº »ç¶÷ÀÌ´Ù. ³ª´Â ÀÌÁ¦,
¿Ö »ç¶÷µé »çÀÌ¿¡¼ ³ôÀÓÀ» ¹Þ´Â °ÍÀº Çϳª´Ô ¾Õ¿¡¼´Â
Çø¿À½º·¯¿î °ÍÀ̸ç, ¿Ö ºÎÀÚµé°ú À¯¸íÇÑ »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô
ÀúÁÖ°¡ ³»¸®¸ç, °¡³ÇÑ »ç¶÷µé°ú °â¼ÕÇÑ »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô
ÇູÀÌ ÀÖ´ÂÁö, ÀÌÇØÇÑ´Ù. |
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Only now do I understand this and believe it, and this belief has
changed my whole appreciation of what is good and lofty and what is bad
and mean in life. All that formerly appeared to me good and lofty- honors,
fame, education, riches, the com¡©plexity and refinement of life and of
its surround¡©ings, food, dress, and outward manners- all this has become
for me bad and mean; while peasant life, obscurity, poverty, roughness,
simplicity of surroundings, food, dress, and manners, has all become for
me good and noble. And therefore if, knowing all this, I still in moments
of forgetfulness yield to anger and insult my brother-man, yet when calm I
can no longer yield to that temptation of placing myself above my fellows
which deprives me of my true welfare, unity, and love, just as a man
cannot reset for himself a trap into which he has formerly fallen and
which nearly destroyed him. Now I cannot participate in anything that
would outwardly place me above others, separating me from them; I cannot
as formerly recognize, either for myself or for others, any titles, ranks,
or dis¡©tinctions, beyond claiming to be a man; I cannot seek for fame or
praise; I cannot seek such know¡©ledge as would separate me from others,
and cannot but seek to free myself from my wealth which separated me from
others, and I cannot in my life and its surroundings, in food, clothing,
and external manners, fail to seek for all that will not divide me from,
but unite me with, the majority of men. |
¿ÀÁ÷ ÀÌÁ¦¾ß ³ª´Â À̰ÍÀ» ±ú´Ý°í ¹Ï´Â´Ù, ±×¸®°í ÀÌ
¹ÏÀ½Àº »î¿¡ ÀÖ¾î¼ ¹«¾ùÀÌ ¼±ÀÌ¸ç °í±ÍÇÑ °ÍÀÎÁö
±×¸®°í ¹«¾ùÀÌ ¾ÇÀÌ¸ç ºñõÇÑ °ÍÀÎÁö¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ³ªÀÇ Àüü
ÀÌÇØ¸¦ ¹Ù²Ù¾î ³õ¾Ò´Ù. ÀÌÀü¿¡ ³ª¿¡°Ô ¼±ÇÏ°í °í±ÍÇÑ
°Íó·³ º¸ÀÌ´ø ¸ðµç °Í- Á¸°æ, ¸í¿¹, ±³À°, ºÎ, »îÀÇ ±×
ȯ°æÀÇ ´Ù¾çÇÔ°ú ¼¼·Ã¹Ì, À½½Ä, ÀǺ¹, ±×¸®°í ¿ÜÀûÀÎ
ŵµµé- ÀÌ ¸ðµç °ÍÀº ³»°Ô ÀÖ¾î¼ ¾ÇÇÏ¸ç ºñõÇÑ °ÍÀ¸·Î
º¯Çß´Ù; ÇÑÆí, ³óºÎ·Î¼ÀÇ »î, ÇÏÂúÀº °Í, ºó°ï,
¼¼·ÃµÇÁö ¸øÇÑ °Í, ȯ°æ, À½½Ä, ÀǺ¹, ±×¸®°í ŵµµéÀÇ
´Ü¼øÇÔÀº, ³»°Ô ÀÖ¾î¼ ¸ðµÎ ´Ù ¼±ÇÏ°í °í±ÍÇÑ °ÍÀÌ
µÇ¾ú´Ù. ±×·¯¹Ç·Î ¸¸ÀÏ, ÀÌ ¸ðµç °ÍÀ» ¾Ë¸é¼, ³»°¡
¾ÆÁ÷µµ ¸Á°¢ÀÇ ¼ø°£¿¡ ºÐ³ë¸¦ À̱âÁö ¸øÇÏ°í ³ªÀÇ
µ¿Æ÷µéÀ» ¸ð¿åÇÑ´Ù ÇÏ´õ¶óµµ, ³ÃÁ¤ÇÑ ¼ø°£¿¡´Â
³ª¿¡°Ô¼ ÂüµÈ Çູ, ÈÇÕ ±×¸®°í »ç¶ûÀ» ¾Ñ¾Æ°¡´Â ³ªÀÇ
ÇüÁ¦µé º¸´Ù ³ª¸¦ À§¿¡ µÎ·Á´Â À¯È¤¿¡ ´õ ÀÌ»ó ±¼º¹ÇÒ
¼ö ¾øÀ¸¸ç, À̰ÍÀº ¸¶Ä¡ ¾î¶² »ç¶÷ÀÌ °ú°Å¿¡ ÀÚ½ÅÀÌ
ºüÁ®¼ °ÅÀÇ ÆÄ¸êÇÏ°Ô ¸¸µé¾ú´ø ÇÔÁ¤¿¡ ´Ù½Ã °É·Áµé ¼ö
¾ø´Â °Í°ú °°´Ù. ÀÌÁ¦ ³ª´Â, ³ª¸¦ ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µé°ú
±¸º°ÇÏ¿©, ¸í¹éÈ÷ ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µé º¸´Ùµµ À§¿¡ µÎ·Á´Â ¾î¶²
°Í¿¡µµ Âü¿©ÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù; ³ª´Â °ú°Åó·³ ³ª ÀÚ½ÅÀ̳ª
´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µéÀ» À§ÇÏ¿©, »ç¶÷ÀÓÀ» ÁÖÀåÇÔ ¿Ü¿¡´Â, ¾î¶²
Á÷ÇÔµé, Á÷À§µé, ¶Ç´Â ¸í¿¹¸¦ ÀÎÁ¤ÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù; ³ª´Â ³ª¸¦
´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷°ú ±¸º°ÇÏ´Â ±×·± Áö½ÄÀ» Ãß±¸ÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù,
±×¸®°í ³ª¸¦ ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µé°ú ±¸º°ÇØÁÖ´Â ³ªÀÇ ºÎ¿¡¼
ÀÚÀ¯·Î¿ö Áö·Á°í ³ë·ÂÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» ¼ö ¾ø´Ù, ±×¸®°í ³ª´Â,
³ªÀÇ »î°ú ±× ÁÖº¯¿¡¼, À½½Ä, ÀǺ¹, ±×¸®°í ¿ÜÀûÀÎ
ŵµµé¿¡¼, ³ª¸¦ ´ë´Ù¼öÀÇ »ç¶÷µé°ú ±¸ºÐÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ
¾Æ´Ï¶ó ±×µé°ú ¿¬ÇÕÇÏ´Â ¸ðµç °ÍÀ» Ãß±¸ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» ¼ö
¾ø´Ù. |
|
Christ has shown me that another snare ruining my welfare is
lustfulness- that is to say, desire for another woman and not for her with
whom I have united. I cannot but believe this, and therefore cannot, as I
used to, consider adulterous lust a natural and noble quality in a man. I
cannot justify it to myself by my love of beauty, by being enamored, or by
defects in my wife. I cannot but recognize, at the first intimation that I
am yielding to adulterous desire, that I am in an unhealthy and unnatural
state, or fail to seek for all the means which can free me from that evil. |
±×¸®½ºµµ´Â ³ªÀÇ ÇູÀ» ÆÄ±«ÇÏ´Â Á¦ 2ÀÇ À¯È¤Àº °£À½-
´Ù½Ã
¸»Çϸé, ³ª¿Í °áÇÕÇÑ ¿©ÀÚ°¡ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ´Ù¸¥ ¿©ÀÚ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ
¿å¸Á- À̶ó´Â °ÍÀ» ³»°Ô º¸¿©ÁÖ¾ú´Ù. ³ª´Â À̰ÍÀ» ¹ÏÁö
¾ÊÀ» ¼ö ¾ø´Ù, ±×·¯¹Ç·Î ³ª´Â ÀÌÀüó·³ °£À½ÇϰíÀÚ ÇÏ´Â
¿å¸ÁÀÌ »ç¶÷¿¡°Ô ÀÖ´Â ÀÚ¿¬ÀûÀÌ¸ç °í»óÇÑ Ç°¼ºÀ̶ó°í
¿©±âÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ³ª´Â ÀÌ·± ÇàÀ§¸¦ ¹Ì¿¡ ´ëÇÑ »ç¶û,
Á¤¿ÀûÀΠüÁú, ³ªÀÇ ¾Æ³»ÀÇ °áÇÔÀ» ÀÌÀ¯·Î ½º½º·Î¿¡°Ô
Á¤´çÈÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù. ³ª´Â, ³»°¡ °£À½ÀÇ ¿å¸Á¿¡ ±¼º¹Çϰí
ÀÖÀ½À» ´À³¢´Â ¼ø°£¿¡, ³»°¡ °Ç°ÇÏÁö ¸øÇϸç
ºñÀÚ¿¬ÀûÀÎ »óÅ¿¡ ÀÖ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ÀÎÁ¤ÇÒ ¼ö ¹Û¿¡ ¾øÀ¸¸ç,
¾Æ´Ï¸é ³ª¸¦ ±×·± ¾ÇÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ÀÚÀ¯·Ó°Ô ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¸ðµç
¼ö´ÜµéÀ» ãÁö ¾ÊÀ» ¼ö ¾ø´Ù. |
|
But knowing now that adulterous lust harms me, I also know the
temptation which formerly led me into it, and therefore I cannot serve it;
I now know that the chief cause of temptation is not that people cannot
refrain from fornication, but that most men and women have been deserted
by those with whom they first came together. I now know that every
desertion of a man or woman by him or her with whom they first had
connexion is that very divorce which Christ forbids; because the husbands
and wives abandoned by their first mates cause all the depravity in the
world. Remembering what it was that led me into lechery, I now see that,
besides the barbarous education by which the lust of fornica¡©tion in me
was physically and mentally inflamed and was excused by all sorts of
subtleties, the chief snare that entangled me arose from my having
abandoned the first woman with whom I had con¡©nexion, and the condition
of women who had been abandoned and who surrounded me. I now see that the
chief strength of the temptation was not in my lust, but in the fact that
my lust and that of the women who had been deserted and who surrounded me
was unsatisfied. I now understand the words of Christ: God at first
created man, male and female, so that the two were one, and therefore man
may not and should not divide that which God hath joined. I now understand
that monogamy is the natural law of humanity which must not be in¡©fringed.
I now fully understand the saying that whoso divorceth his wife (i.e. the
woman with whom he has first come together) for another, causes her to
become dissolute and brings fresh evil into the world to his own
detriment. I believe this, and that belief alters my whole former
valuation of what is good and lofty and what is bad and mean in life. What
formerly seemed to me the best- a refined, elegant life, with passionate
and poetic love, ex¡©tolled by all the poets and artists- all this has come
to appear to me bad and repulsive. On the con¡©trary, what seems to me
good is a laborious, frugal, rough life which moderates the lusts. High
and important seems to me, not so much the human institution of marriage
affixing the external seal of legality on a certain union of a man and
woman, as the union itself of any man and woman, which once it has been
accomplished cannot be infringed with¡©out infringing the will of God. If
I may even now in a moment of forgetfulness yield to adulterous desire, I
can at any rate no longer (knowing the temptation which led me into that
evil) serve it as I did formerly. I cannot desire and seek for physical
idleness and a life of repletion which inflamed in me excessive desire; I
cannot seek those amusements which inflame amatory lust- novels, verses,
music, theatres, and balls, which formerly seemed to me not merely
harmless but very noble amusements. I cannot leave my wife, knowing that
leaving her is the first snare for me, for her, and for others; I cannot
take part in the idle life of repletion led by others, I cannot take part
in or promote those lustful amusements, novels, theatres, operas, balls,
&c which serve as a snare for me and for others. I cannot encourage
unmarried life for people who are ripe for marriage; I cannot be a party
to the separation of husbands and wives; I cannot make distinctions
between unions called marriages and those not so called; I cannot but
consider holy and obligatory only the first marital Union which a man has
formed. |
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¹ö¸°´Ù´Â °ÍÀº ¹Ù·Î ³ª¿¡°Ô, ±×³à¿¡°Ô, ±×¸®°í ´Ù¸¥
»ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô Ä¿´Ù¶õ À¯È¤ÀÓÀ» ¾Ë±â ¶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù; ³ª´Â ´Ù¸¥
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»ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô À¯È¤À¸·Î ÀÛ¿ëÇÏ´Â ¿À¶ôµé, ¼Ò¼³µé, ±ØÀåµé,
¿ÀÆä¶óµé, ¹«µµÈ¸µé, ¹× ±âŸÀÇ °Íµé¿¡ Âü¿©ÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù.
³ª´Â °áÈ¥ Àû·É±â¿¡ À̸¥ »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô ¹ÌÈ¥ÀÇ »îÀ»
Àå·ÁÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù; ³ª´Â ³²Æíµé°ú ¾Æ³»µéÀÇ À̺°¿¡ ÆíÀ»
µé ¼ö ¾ø´Ù; ³ª´Â °áÈ¥À̶ó°í ºÎ¸£´Â °áÇÕµé°ú ±×·¸°Ô
ºÒ·ÁÁöÁö ¾Ê´Â °áÇÕµé »çÀ̸¦ ±¸º°ÇÒ ¼ö°¡ ¾ø´Ù; ³ª´Â
¿ÀÁ÷ »ç¶÷ÀÌ ¸¸µç ù¹øÂ°ÀÇ °áÈ¥¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ °áÇÕÀ»
½Å¼ºÇϸç Àǹ«ÀûÀ̶ó°í ¿©±âÁö ¾ÊÀ» ¼ö ¾ø´Ù. |
|
Christ has shown me that a third temptation ruining my welfare is the
temptation of the oath. I cannot but believe this, and therefore cannot
now, as I did formerly, myself take an oath to anyone or about anything,
and I cannot now, as I did for¡©merly, justify myself for taking an oath
by saying that it does no one any harm, that everybody does it, that it is
necessary for the State, or that it will be worse for me and for others if
I refuse this demand. I now know that it is an evil for me and for others,
and I cannot do it. |
±×¸®½ºµµ´Â ³ªÀÇ ÇູÀ» ÆÄ±«ÇÏ´Â Á¦ 3ÀÇ À¯È¤ÀÌ
¸Í¼¼ÀÇ À¯È¤ÀÓÀ» ³ª¿¡°Ô º¸¿©ÁÖ¾ú´Ù. ³ª´Â À̰ÍÀ» ¹ÏÁö
¾ÊÀ» ¼ö ¾ø´Ù, ±×·¯¹Ç·Î ÀÌÁ¦, ÀÌÀü¿¡ ±×·¨´ø °Íó·³, ³ª
ÀÚ½ÅÀº ¾î´À ´©±¸³ª ¾î´À °Í¿¡ ´ëÇØ¼µµ ¸Í¼¼¸¦ ÇÒ ¼ö
¾ø´Ù, ±×¸®°í ³ª´Â ÀÌÁ¦, °ú°Å¿¡ ±×·¨µíÀÌ, ¸Í¼¼´Â
¾Æ¹«¿¡°Ôµµ ÇØ¸¦ ÁÖÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù, ´©±¸³ª ¸Í¼¼¸¦ ÇÑ´Ù,
¸Í¼¼´Â ±¹°¡¿¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ °ÍÀÌ´Ù, ¾Æ´Ï, ¸¸ÀÏ ³»°¡ ÀÌ
¸í·ÉÀ» °ÅºÎÇÑ´Ù¸é ³ª¿Í ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô ´õ¿í ¾ÇÇÑ
ÀÏÀÌ µÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù¶ó°í ¸»Çϸé¼, ¸Í¼¼¸¦ ÇÏ´Â °Í¿¡ ´ëÇØ
³ª ÀÚ½ÅÀ» Á¤´çÈÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù. ³ª´Â ÀÌÁ¦, ¸Í¼¼´Â ³ª¿Í
´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô ¾ÇÀ̶ó´Â °ÍÀ» ¾È´Ù, ±×¸®°í ³ª´Â
±×°ÍÀ» ÇàÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù. |
|
But not only do I know this, I now also know the temptation which led
me into that evil, and I can¡©not serve it. I know that the deception
consists in this, that people promise in advance to obey what some man or
some men order; whereas man must never obey anyone but God. I now know
that the most terrible evils in the world by their results, are murders in
war, imprisonments, executions, and tortures, which are performed thanks
only to this temptation whereby responsibility is lifted from those who
commit the evil. Remembering many and many evils which made me blame and
dislike people, I now see that they were all caused by the oath- the
acknowledgement of an obligation to submit oneself to the will of others.
I now under¡©stand the meaning of the words: Whatever is more than a
simple assertion or denial, 'Yes' or 'No', all that is beyond
that, every promise given in advance, is evil. Understanding this, I
believe that the oath ruins my welfare and that of others, and this belief
changes my valuation of what is good and evil, lofty and mean. All that
formerly seemed to be good and lofty, the duty of loyalty to the Govern¡©ment
confirmed by an oath of allegiance, the ex¡©tortion of such oaths from
others, and all actions contrary to conscience performed under the in¡©fluence
of such oaths- all this now appears to me both bad and mean. And therefore
I cannot now any longer depart from Christ's command which forbids the
oath. I cannot any longer swear to any¡©one, or compel others to swear, or
take part in making other people either themselves swear or compel others
to swear, and I cannot look upon the oath as either valuable or necessary,
or even in¡©nocuous as many suppose it to be. |
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³ª¸¦ ±×·¯ÇÑ ¾ÇÀ¸·Î À̲ö À¯È¤µéÀ» ¾È´Ù, ±×¸®°í ³ª´Â
±×°Í¿¡ º¹Á¾ÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù. ³ª´Â ±â¸¸ÀÌ ÀÌ·± Á¡¿¡ ÀÖ´Ù´Â
°ÍÀ» ¾È´Ù. »ç¶÷µéÀº ¾î¶² »ç¶÷À̳ª ¾î¶² »ç¶÷µéÀÌ
¸í·ÉÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» º¹Á¾ÇÒ °ÍÀ» ¹Ì¸® ¾à¼ÓÇÑ´Ù, ±×·¯³ª
»ç¶÷Àº Çϳª´Ô ¿Ü¿¡´Â ¾Æ¹«¿¡°Ôµµ °áÄÚ º¹Á¾ÇÏÁö
¸øÇÑ´Ù. ³ª´Â ÀÌÁ¦, °á°úÀûÀ¸·Î ¼¼»ó¿¡¼ °¡Àå ¹«¼¿î
¾ÇµéÀº, ÀüÀï, Åõ¿Áµé, »çÇüµé, ±×¸®°í °í¹®µé¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ
»ìÀεéÀ̸ç, ±×°ÍµéÀº Ã¥ÀÓÀÌ ¾ÇÀ» ÀúÁö¸£´Â
»ç¶÷µé·ÎºÎÅÍ Àü°¡µÇ°Ô ¸¸µå´Â ¿ÀÁ÷ ¸Í¼¼¿¡ ´ëÇÑ
À¯È¤À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ½ÇÇàµÈ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ¾È´Ù. ³»°¡ »ç¶÷µéÀ»
ºñ³Çϰí Çø¿ÀÇÏ°Ô ¸¸µç ³Ê¹«³ª ¸¹Àº ¾ÇµéÀ»
±â¾ïÇØº¸¸é, ³ª´Â ÀÌÁ¦, ±×°ÍµéÀÌ ¸ðµÎ ¸Í¼¼- ÀÚ±â
ÀÚ½ÅÀ» ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µéÀÇ ÀÇÁö¿¡ ¸Ã±â°Ú´Ù´Â Àǹ«ÀÇ ÀÎÁ¤- °¡
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ÀÌ¿ÜÀÇ °ÍÀº ¹«¾ùÀ̵çÁö, ±×°ÍÀ» ¹þ¾î³ª´Â ¸ðµç °ÍÀº,
»çÀü¿¡ ÇàÇÏ´Â ¸ðµç ¾à¼ÓÀº, ¾ÇÀÌ´Ù. À̰ÍÀ» ÀÌÇØÇϸé¼,
³ª´Â ¸Í¼¼°¡ ³ªÀÇ Çູ°ú ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µéÀÇ ÇູÀ»
ÆÄ±«Çϸç, ÀÌ·± ¹ÏÀ½ÀÌ ¼±°ú ¾Ç, ±×¸®°í °í±ÍÇÑ °Í°ú
õÇÑ °Í¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ³ªÀÇ °¡Ä¡°üÀ» º¯È½ÃŲ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ»
¹Ï´Â´Ù. °ú°Å¿¡ ¼±ÇÏ°í °í±ÍÇÏ°Ô ´À²¸Á³´ø ¸ðµç °Í- Ãæ¼ºÀÇ
¸Í¼¼·Î¼ È®ÀεǴ Á¤ºÎ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Ãæ¼ºÀÇ Àǹ«, ´Ù¸¥
»ç¶÷µé·ÎºÎÅÍÀÇ ±×·¯ÇÑ ¸Í¼¼µéÀÇ °¿ä, ±×¸®°í ±×·±
¸Í¼¼µéÀÇ ¿µÇâ¾Æ·¡¼ ÇàÇØÁö´Â ¾ç½É¿¡ ´ëÄ¡µÇ´Â ¸ðµç
ÇàÀ§µé- ÀÌ ¸ðµç °ÍÀº ÀÌÁ¦ ³ª¿¡°Ô´Â ¾ÇÇÑ °ÍÀ̸ç õÇÑ
°ÍÀÌ´Ù. ³ª´Â ´õ ÀÌ»ó ¾î´À ´©±¸¿¡°Ôµµ ¸Í¼¼Çϰųª,
´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô ¸Í¼¼Ç϶ó°í °¿äÇϰųª, ´Ù¸¥
»ç¶÷µéÀÌ ½º½º·Î ¸Í¼¼Çϵµ·Ï Çϰųª ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µéÀ»
¸Í¼¼Çϵµ·Ï °¿äÇϵµ·Ï ¸¸µå´Â ÀÏ¿¡ Âü¿©ÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù,
±×¸®°í ³ª´Â ¸Í¼¼¸¦, ¸¹Àº »ç¶÷µéÀÌ »ý°¢Çϰí ÀÖ´Â
°Íó·³, °¡Ä¡°¡ Àְųª ÇÊ¿äÇϴٰųª, ¶Ç´Â ½ÉÁö¾î
ÇØ·ÓÁö ¾Ê´Ù°í ¿©±â°Ô ÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù. |
|
Christ has shown me that a fourth temptation depriving me of welfare is
that of resisting evil by means of violence applied to other people. I can¡©not
but believe that this is an evil to me and to others and therefore I
cannot consciously employ it, and cannot, as I used to, justify this evil
on the ground that it is necessary for my defense and for that of others;
nor can I now, at the first reminder that I am committing violence, do
other than re¡©frain from it and stop it. |
±×¸®½ºµµ´Â ³ªÀÇ ÇູÀ» »©¾Ñ´Â Á¦ 4ÀÇ À¯È¤ÀÌ ´Ù¸¥
»ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô Æø·ÂÀ» Çà»çÇÔÀ¸·Î½á ¾Ç¿¡ ÀúÇ×ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÓÀ»
³»°Ô º¸¿©ÁÖ¾ú´Ù. ³ª´Â À̰ÍÀÌ ³ª¿¡°Ô ±×¸®°í ´Ù¸¥
»ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô ¾ÇÀ̶ó´Â °ÍÀ» ¹ÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» ¼ö ¾ø´Ù, ±×·¯¹Ç·Î
³ª´Â ÀǽÄÀûÀ¸·Î Æø·ÂÀ» »ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ¸¸ç, ±×¸®°í ³»°¡
ÀÌÀü¿¡ ±×·¨µíÀÌ, ³ª¸¦ ¹æ¾îÇϱâ À§Çؼ ±×¸®°í ´Ù¸¥
»ç¶÷µéÀ» ¹æ¾îÇϱâ À§Çؼ À̰ÍÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù´Â ÀÌÀ¯·Î
ÀÌ·± ¾ÇÀ» Á¤´çÈÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù; ¾Æ´Ï ³ª´Â ÀÌÁ¦, ³»°¡
Æø·ÂÀ» Çà»çÇϰí ÀÖ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» óÀ½ ´À³¢´Â ¼ø°£, ±×°ÍÀ»
ÁßÁöÇϰí Á¾½Ä½ÃŰ´Â ÀÏ ¸»°í´Â ÇàÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù. |
|
But not only do I know this, I now also know the snare which led me
into this evil. I now know that that temptation consists in the delusion
that my life can be secured by defending myself and my pro¡©perty from
other people. |
±×·¯³ª ³ª´Â À̰ÍÀ» ¾Ë°í ÀÖÀ» »Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, ³ª´Â
ÀÌÁ¦ ¶ÇÇÑ, ³ª¸¦ ÀÌ·± ¾ÇÀ¸·Î À̲ô´Â À¯È¤À» ¾Ë°í ÀÖ´Ù.
³ª´Â ÀÌÁ¦, ÀÌ·± À¯È¤Àº ³ªÀÇ »îÀÌ ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µé·ÎºÎÅÍ
³ª ÀڽŰú ³ªÀÇ Àç»êÀ» ¹æ¾îÇÔÀ¸·Î½á º¸ÀåµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â
±×¸©µÈ »ý°¢¿¡ ÀÖ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ¾È´Ù. |
|
I now know that a large part of the ills of man¡©kind proceeds from the
fact that instead of doing work for one another, men not only do not do
so, but they deprive themselves of work and seize by violence the work of
others. Remembering now all the evil I have done to myself and to others
and all the evil that the others did, I see that a large part of that evil
proceeded from the fact that we considered it possible to secure and
improve our lives by defending them. I also now understand the words: Man
is born not that others may work for him, but that he should work for
others; and also the meaning of the words: the laborer is worthy of his
subsistence. I now believe that my welfare and that of other people is
only possible when each one labors not for himself but for others, and not
only ceases to withhold his work from others but gives it to anyone who
needs it. This belief has changed my valuation of what is good and evil
and mean. All that formerly seemed to me good and lofty- riches, property
of all kinds, honors, con¡©sciousness of one's own dignity and rights,
has all become evil and mean; while all that seemed to me evil and mean-
work done for others, poverty, humiliation, renunciation of all
property and all rights- has become good and lofty in my eyes. If now I
may, in moments of forgetfulness, be tempted to use violence to defend
myself and others, or my own or other people's property, I can at any
rate no longer calmly and consciously serve this tempta¡©tion which ruins
me and others, and cannot acquire property. I cannot employ any kind of
physical force against anyone except a child, and then only in order to
save it from immediately impending danger. I cannot take part in any
Governmental activity that has for its aim the defense of people and their
property by violence; I cannot be a judge or take part in trials, or be an
official, or serve in any Government office; nor can I help others to take
part in law-courts and Government offices. |
³ª´Â ÀÌÁ¦, ÀηùÀÇ ºÒÇàÀÇ ´ëºÎºÐÀÌ ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µéÀ»
À§Çؼ ÀÏÇÏ´Â ´ë½Å¿¡, »ç¶÷µéÀÌ ±×·¸°Ô ÇàÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ»
»Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, ±×µé ½º½º·Î°¡ ³ëµ¿À» Æ÷±âÇÏ°í ´Ù¸¥
»ç¶÷µéÀÇ ³ëµ¿À» Æø·ÂÀ¸·Î »©¾Ñ´Â´Ù´Â »ç½Ç¿¡¼
ºñ·ÔµÈ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ¾Ë°í ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌÁ¦ ³»°¡ ³ª Àڽſ¡°Ô
±×¸®°í ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô ÇàÇÑ ¸ðµç ¾Ç°ú ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µéÀÌ
ÇàÇÑ ¸ðµç ¾ÇµéÀ» ±â¾ïÇϸé¼, ±×·¯ÇÑ ¾ÇÀÇ ´ëºÎºÐÀÌ
¿ì¸®°¡ »îµéÀ» ¹æ¾îÇÔÀ¸·Î½á ¿ì¸®ÀÇ »îµéÀ» º¸ÀåÇϸç
°³¼±ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù°í ¿©±ä´Ù´Â »ç½Ç¿¡¼ ºñ·ÔµÈ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ»
¾È´Ù. ³ª´Â ¶ÇÇÑ ÀÌÁ¦, ÀÌ ¸»À» ÀÌÇØÇÑ´Ù: »ç¶÷Àº ´Ù¸¥
»ç¶÷µéÀÌ ±×¸¦ À§ÇØ ÀÏÇϱâ À§Çؼ°¡ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, ÀÚ½ÅÀÌ
´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µéÀ» À§Çؼ ÀÏÇϱâ À§ÇØ Å¾´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù;
±×¸®°í ¶ÇÇÑ ÀÌ ¸»ÀÇ ¶æµµ ÀÌÇØÇÑ´Ù: ³ëµ¿ÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷Àº
ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ¾ç½ÄÀ» ¸ÔÀ» °¡Ä¡°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. ³ª´Â ÀÌÁ¦, ³ªÀÇ
Çູ°ú ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µéÀÇ ÇູÀº ¿ÀÁ÷ Á¦°¢±â ÀÚ½ÅÀ»
À§Çؼ°¡ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µéÀ» À§Çؼ ³ëµ¿Çϸç,
±×¸®°í ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ³ëµ¿À» ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷¿¡°Ô ÁÖ´Â °ÍÀ»
¾Æ³¢±â¸¦ ±×¸¸µÑ »Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ÇÊ¿ä·Î ÇÏ´Â ¾î´À
´©±¸¿¡°ÔµçÁö ÁÙ ¶§ °¡´ÉÇÏ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ¹Ï´Â´Ù. ÀÌ·±
¹ÏÀ½ÀÌ ¼±ÇÑ °Í ±×¸®°í ¾ÇÇÑ °Í ±×¸®°í õÇÑ °Í¿¡ ´ëÇÑ
³ªÀÇ °¡Ä¡±âÁØÀ» ¹Ù²Ù¾î ³õ¾Ò´Ù. ÀÌÀü¿¡ ³ª¿¡°Ô ¼±Çϸç
°í±ÍÇÏ´Ù°í ´À²¸Áö´ø ¸ðµç °Í- ºÎÀ¯ÇÔ, ¸ðµç Á¾·ùÀÇ Àç»ê,
¸í¿¹, ½º½º·ÎÀÇ À§¾ö°ú ±Ç¸®µé- Àº µµµÎ ¾ÇÇÑ °ÍÀ̸ç
õÇÑ °ÍÀÌ µÇ¾ú´Ù; ÇÑÆí ³ª¿¡°Ô ¾ÇÇϸç õÇÏ´Ù°í
´À²¸Áö´ø ¸ðµç °Í- ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µéÀ» À§ÇÑ ³ëµ¿, ºó°ï, °â¼Õ,
¸ðµç Àç»ê°ú ¸ðµç ±Ç¸®ÀÇ Æ÷±â- Àº ³ªÀÇ ´«¿¡ ¼±Çϸç
°í±ÍÇÑ °ÍÀÌ µÇ¾ú´Ù. ¸¸ÀÏ ÀÌÁ¦ ³»°¡, ¸Á°¢ÀÇ ¼ø°£¿¡, ³ª
ÀڽŰú ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µé, ¶Ç´Â ³ª ÀڽŰú ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µéÀÇ
Àç»êÀ» ¹æ¾îÇϱâ À§ÇÏ¿© Æø·ÂÀ» »ç¿ëÇϵµ·Ï À¯È¤À»
¹Þ´Â´Ù ÇÏ´õ¶óµµ, ³ª´Â ¾î·µç ´õ ÀÌ»ó Á¶¿ëÈ÷ ±×¸®°í
ÀǽÄÀûÀ¸·Î ³ª¿Í ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µéÀ» ÆÄ¸ê½ÃŰ´Â ÀÌ·±
À¯È¤¿¡ ±¼º¹ÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ¸¸ç, Àç»êÀ» Çü¼ºÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù. ³ª´Â
¾î´À ´©±¸¿¡°ÔµçÁö ¾î¶² Á¾·ùÀÇ ½ÅüÀû Æø·Âµµ »ç¿ëÇÒ
¼ö ¾ø´Ù, ´Ù¸¸, ¿ÀÁ÷ Áï°¢ÀûÀ¸·Î ´ÚÃÄ¿À´Â À§ÇèÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ
¾î¸°À̸¦ ±¸Çϱâ À§ÇÑ °æ¿ì¸¦ Á¦¿ÜÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ³ª´Â
Æø·Â¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© »ç¶÷µéÀ̳ª ±×µéÀÇ Àç»êÀÇ ¹æ¾î¸¦
¸ñÀûÀ¸·Î ÇÏ´Â Á¤ºÎÂ÷¿øÀÇ ¾î¶² Ȱµ¿¿¡µµ Âü¿©ÇÒ ¼ö
¾ø´Ù; ³ª´Â ¹ý°üÀÌ µÇ°Å³ª ÀçÆÇ¿¡ Âü¿©Çϰųª °ø¹«¿øÀÌ
µÇ°Å³ª Á¤ºÎÀÇ Á÷Ã¥¿¡ ºÀ»çÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù; »Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó
³ª´Â ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µéÀÌ ÀçÆÇÀ̳ª Á¤ºÎÀÇ Á÷Ã¥¿¡ Âü¿©ÇÏ´Â
°ÍÀ» µµ¿ï ¼ö ¾ø´Ù. |
|
Christ showed me that the fifth temptation which deprives me of welfare
is the separation we make of our own from other nations. I cannot but
believe this, and therefore if in a moment of forgetfulness feelings of
enmity towards a man of another nation may arise within me, yet in my calm
moments I can no longer fail to acknowledge that feeling to be a false
one, and I cannot justify myself, as I used to do, by claiming the
superiority of my own people to others, basing this on the errors,
cruelties, and barbarities of another nation, nor can I, at the first
reminder of this, fail to try to be more friendly to a foreigner than to a
compatriot. |
±×¸®½ºµµ´Â ³ª¿¡°Ô¼ ÇູÀ» »©¾Ñ¾Æ °¡´Â Á¦ 5ÀÇ
À¯È¤Àº ¿ì¸® ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ¹ÎÁ·°ú ´Ù¸¥ ¹ÎÁ·µé¿¡ ´ëÇØ Â÷À̸¦
µÎ´Â °ÍÀÓÀ» ³»°Ô º¸¿©ÁÖ¾ú´Ù. ³ª´Â À̰ÍÀ» ¹ÏÁö ¾ÊÀ»
¼ö ¾ø´Ù, ±×·¯¹Ç·Î ¸¸ÀÏ ¸Á°¢ÀÇ ¼ø°£¿¡ ´Ù¸¥ ¹ÎÁ·ÀÇ
»ç¶÷À» ÇâÇÑ Áõ¿ÀÀÇ °¨Á¤µéÀÌ ³ªÀÇ ¾È¿¡¼ ÀϾٰí
ÇÏ´õ¶óµµ, ³»°¡ ³ÃÁ¤À» ãÀº ¼ø°£¿¡´Â ³ª´Â ´õ ÀÌ»ó
±×·± °¨Á¤ÀÌ ¿ÇÁö ¸øÇÑ °ÍÀÓÀ» ÀÎÁ¤ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» ¼ö ¾ø´Ù,
±×¸®°í ³ª´Â, ÀÌÀüó·³, ³ª ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ¹ÎÁ·ÀÌ ´Ù¸¥ ¹ÎÁ·µé
º¸´Ùµµ ¿ì¿ùÇÔÀ» ÁÖÀåÇÔÀ¸·Î½á, À̷μ ´Ù¸¥ ¹ÎÁ·ÀÇ
¿À·ùµé, ÀÜÀÎÇÔµé, ±×¸®°í ¾ß¸¸¼ºµéÀ» ¸»ÇÏ´Â °Í¿¡ ´ëÇØ
³ª ÀÚ½ÅÀ» Á¤´çÈÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù, »Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ³ª´Â, ÀÌ·±
Â÷À̸¦ ´À³¢·Á ÇÏÀÚ¸¶ÀÚ, µ¿Æ÷º¸´Ù ¿Ü±¹Àο¡°Ô ´õ¿í
Ä£ÀýÇØ Áö·Á´Â ³ë·ÂÀ» ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» ¼ö ¾ø´Ù. |
|
But not only do I now know that my separation from other nations is an
evil ruining my welfare, but I also know the temptation that led me into
that evil, and I can no longer, as I did formerly, con¡©sciously and
quietly serve it. I know that that temptation lies in the delusion that my
welfare is bound up only with that of the people of my own nation, and not
with that of all the peoples of the earth. I now know that my union with
other people cannot be severed by a line of frontier and by Government
decrees about my belonging to this or that nation. I now know that all men
everywhere are equals and brothers. Remembering now all the evil I have
done, suffered, and seen, resulting from the enmity of nations, it is
clear to me that the cause of it all lay in the gross fraud called
patriotism and love of one's country. Remembering my education I now see
that a feeling of hostility to other nations, a feeling of separation from
them, was never really natural to me but that all these evil feelings were
artificially inoculated into me by an insane education. I now understand
the meaning of the words: Do good to your enemies; behave to them as to
your own people. You are all children of one Father; so be like your
Father, i.e. do not make distinctions between your own people and other
peoples; be the same with them all. I now understand that my welfare is
only possible if I acknowledge my unity with all the people of the world
without exception. I believe this. And that belief has changed my whole
valuation of what is good and evil, lofty and mean. What seemed to me good
and lofty- love of fatherland, of one's own people, of one's State, and
service of it to the detri¡©ment of the welfare of other peoples, the
military achievements of men, all this now appears to me repulsive and
pitiable. What seemed to me bad and shameful- rejection of fatherland, and
cosmopolitanism- now appears to me, on the contrary, good and noble. If
now, in a moment of forgetfulness, I can cooperate with a Russian rather
than with a foreigner and can desire the success of the Russian State or
nation, I can no longer in calm moments serve that temptation which ruins
me and other people. I cannot acknowledge any States or nations, cannot
take part in the quarrels between nations and States either by writings or
(even less) by serving any Government. I cannot take part in all those
affairs which are based on the diversity of nations, not in custom-houses
and the collection of taxes, nor in the preparation of military stores and
ammunition, nor in any activity for creating arma¡©ments, nor in military
service, nor (still less) in war itself against other nations- and I cannot
help other people to do so. |
±×·¯³ª ³ª´Â ÀÌÁ¦, ³»°¡ ´Ù¸¥ ¹ÎÁ·°ú ±¸º°ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ
³ªÀÇ ÇູÀ» ÆÄ±«ÇÏ´Â ¾ÇÀ̶ó´Â °ÍÀ» ¾Ë°í ÀÖÀ» »Ó¸¸
¾Æ´Ï¶ó, ³ª´Â ¶ÇÇÑ ³ª¸¦ ±×·¯ÇÑ ¾ÇÀ¸·Î À̲ô´Â À¯È¤À»
¾Ë°í ÀÖ´Ù, ±×¸®°í ³ª´Â, ³»°¡ ÀÌÀü¿¡ ±×·¨µíÀÌ, ´õ ÀÌ»ó
ÀǽÄÀûÀ¸·Î ±×¸®°í ¹¬¹¬È÷ ±×°ÍÀ» µû¸¦ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù. ±×·±
À¯È¤Àº ³ªÀÇ ÇູÀÌ ¿ÀÁ÷ ³ª ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ¹ÎÁ·ÀÇ »ç¶÷µéÀÇ
Çູ°ú ÇÔ²² Çϸç, Áö»óÀÇ ¸ðµç ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µéÀÇ Çູ°ú
ÇÔ²² ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù´Â ±×¸©µÈ »ý°¢¿¡ ÀÖ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ¾È´Ù.
³ª´Â ÀÌÁ¦, ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷°ú ³ªÀÇ ¿¬ÇÕÀº ±¹°æ¼±°ú ³»°¡ ÀÌ
±¹°¡ ¶Ç´Â Àú ±¹°¡¿¡ ±Í¼ÓµÈ´Ù´Â Á¤ºÎÀÇ ¸í·Éµé¿¡
ÀÇÇÏ¿© ±ÝÀÌ °¥ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ¾È´Ù. ³ª´Â ÀÌÁ¦, ¾î´À
°÷¿¡¼³ª ¸ðµç »ç¶÷Àº ÆòµîÇϸç ÇüÁ¦¶ó´Â °ÍÀ» ¾Ë°í
ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌÁ¦ ¹ÎÁ·µé°£ÀÇ Àû´ë°¨À» ÅëÇØ¼ ³»°¡ ÇàÇßÀ¸¸ç,
°Þ¾ú°í, º¸¾Ò´ø ¸ðµç ¾ÇµéÀ» ±â¾ïÇØº¸´Ï, ±× ¸ðµç ¾ÇÀÇ
¿øÀÎÀº ¾Ö±¹½É°ú Á¶±¹¾Ö¶ó°í ºÒ¸®´Â ¾îó±¸´Ï ¾ø´Â
»ç±â¿¡ ÀÖÀ½À» ³ª´Â ÀÌÁ¦ ¸í¹éÈ÷ ¾È´Ù. ³ª´Â ÀÌÁ¦, ´Ù¸¥
¹ÎÁ·µé¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Àû´ë °¨Á¤Àº, ±×µéÀ» Â÷º°ÇÏ´Â °¨Á¤Àº,
°áÄÚ Áø½Ç·Î ³»°Ô ÀÚ¿¬½º·± °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ÀÌ ¸ðµç ¾ÇÇÑ
°¨Á¤µéÀº Å͹«´Ï ¾ø´Â ±³À°¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© ÀÎÀ§ÀûÀ¸·Î
³ª¿¡°Ô ÁÖÀԵǾú´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ¾È´Ù. ³ª´Â ÀÌÁ¦, ÀÌ ¸»ÀÇ
Àǹ̸¦ ¾È´Ù: ³ÊÈñ Àû¿¡°Ô ¼±À» ÇàÇ϶ó; ±×µéÀ» ³ÊÈñ
ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ¹ÎÁ·Ã³·³ ´ëÇ϶ó. ³ÊÈñ´Â ¸ðµÎ ÇÑ ¾Æ¹öÁöÀÇ
ÀÚ³àµéÀÌ´Ù; ±×·¯¹Ç·Î ³ÊÈñ ¾Æ¹öÁöó·³ µÇ¶ó, Áï, ³ÊÈñ
ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ¹ÎÁ·°ú ´Ù¸¥ ¹ÎÁ·µé »çÀÌ¿¡ ±¸º°À» µÎÁö ¸»¶ó;
±×µé ¸ðµÎ¿¡°Ô ÆòµîÇÏ°Ô ´ëÇ϶ó. ³ª´Â ÀÌÁ¦, ¸¸ÀÏ ³»°¡
¿ÀÁ÷ ¼¼»óÀÇ ¸ðµç »ç¶÷µé°ú ¿¹¿Ü ¾øÀÌ ³ª¿ÍÀÇ ¿¬ÇÕÀ»
ÀÎÁ¤ÇÑ´Ù¸é, ³ªÀÇ ÇູÀº °¡´ÉÇÏ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ÀÌÇØÇÑ´Ù.
³ª´Â À̰ÍÀ» ¹Ï´Â´Ù. ±×¸®°í ÀÌ·± ¹ÏÀ½ÀÌ ¼±ÇÑ °Í°ú
¾ÇÇÑ °Í, °í±ÍÇÑ °Í°ú õÇÑ °Í¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ³ªÀÇ Àüü
°¡Ä¡°üÀ» ¹Ù²Ù¾ú´Ù. ³ª¿¡°Ô ¼±ÇÏ¸ç °í±ÍÇÏ´Ù°í
´À²¸Áö´ø °Í- Á¶±¹¿¡ ´ëÇÑ, Àڱ⠹ÎÁ·¿¡ ´ëÇÑ, ÀÚ±â
±¹°¡¿¡ ´ëÇÑ »ç¶û, ±×¸®°í ´Ù¸¥ ¹ÎÁ·µéÀÇ ÇູÀ» ÇØÄ¡°Ô
ÇÏ´Â ºÀ»ç, »ç¶÷µéÀÇ ±º»çÀû ¾÷Àû, ÀÌ ¸ðµç °ÍÀº ÀÌÁ¦
³»°Ô´Â Çø¿À½º·´°í ºÒ½ÖÇÑ °Íó·³ º¸ÀδÙ. ³ª¿¡°Ô
¾ÇÇÏ°í ºÎ²ô·´°Ô ´À²¸Áö´ø °Í- Á¶±¹ÀÇ °ÅºÎ ±×¸®°í
¼¼°èÁÖÀÇ- Àº ÀÌÁ¦ ¹Ý´ë·Î ³»°Ô ÀÖ¾î¼ ¼±ÇÏ¸ç °í»óÇϰÔ
´À²¸Áø´Ù. ¸¸ÀÏ ÀÌÁ¦ ¸Á°¢ÀÇ ¼ø°£¿¡ ³»°¡ ¿Ü±¹ÀÎ º¸´Ù´Â
·¯½Ã¾ÆÀΰú Çù·ÂÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¸ç ·¯½Ã¾Æ Á¤ºÎ³ª ±¹¹ÎÀÇ
¼º°ø¸¸À» ¹Ù¶ö ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù°í ÇÏ´õ¶óµµ, ³ª´Â ³ÃÁ¤ÇÔÀ» ã°Ô
µÇ´Â ¼ø°£¿¡ ´õ ÀÌ»ó ³ª¿Í ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µéÀ» ÆÄ¸ê½ÃŰ´Â
±×·± À¯È¤¿¡ º¹Á¾ÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù. ³ª´Â ¾î¶² ±¹°¡µéÀ̳ª
¹ÎÁ·µéÀ» ÀÎÁ¤ÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ¸¸ç, ±¹°¡µé °£À̳ª ¹ÎÁ·µé °£ÀÇ
ºÐÀï¿¡, ¸»À̳ª ±Û·Î¼ ¶Ç´Â(½ÉÁö¾î ´õ¿í´õ) ¾î¶²
Á¤ºÎ¿¡ º¹Á¾ÇÔÀ¸·Î½á, Âü¿©ÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù. ³ª´Â ±¹°¡µé
»çÀÌÀÇ Â÷ÀÌ¿¡ ±âÃʸ¦ µÐ ¸ðµç ¹®Á¦µé- ¼¼°ü, ¼¼±ÝÀÇ
¡¼ö, ±º»ç¹°Ç°°ú ¹«±âÀÇ ºñÃà, ¹«±â Á¦Á¶¸¦ À§ÇÑ È°µ¿,
º´¿ªÀǹ« »Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, ´Ù¸¥ ±¹°¡µé¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀüÀï ÀÚü (´õ¿í
´õ)±îÁö- ¿¡ Âü¿©ÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù ±×¸®°í ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µéÀÌ
±×·¸°Ô ÇàÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» µµ¿ï ¼ö ¾ø´Ù. |
|
I have now understood wherein my welfare lies; I believe in this and
therefore cannot do what undoubtedly deprives me of welfare. |
³ª´Â ÀÌÁ¦, ³ªÀÇ ÇູÀÌ ¾îµð¿¡ ÀÖ´ÂÁö ±ú´Þ¾Ò´Ù;
³ª´Â À̰ÍÀ» ¹Ï´Â´Ù ±×·¯¹Ç·Î ³ª¿¡°Ô¼ ºÐ¸íÈ÷ ÇູÀ»
»©¾Ñ¾Æ °¡´Â ÀÏÀ» ÇàÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù. |
|
But not only do I believe that I ought to live thus; I also believe
that if I live so my life will receive for me the only possible,
reasonable, and joyful mean¡©ing indestructible by death. |
±×·¯³ª ³ª´Â ¹Ýµå½Ã ÀÌ·¸°Ô »ì¾Æ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù°í ¹ÏÀ» »Ó¸¸
¾Æ´Ï¶ó; ³ª´Â ¶ÇÇÑ, ¸¸ÀÏ ³»°¡ ÀÌ·¸°Ô »ê´Ù¸é ³ªÀÇ »îÀº
³ªÀ» À§Çؼ À¯ÀÏÇÏ°Ô °¡´ÉÇϸç, ÇÕ¸®ÀûÀ̸ç, ±×¸®°í
Áñ°Å¿î ±×¸®°í Á×À½¿¡ ÀÇÇØ¼µµ ÆÄ±«µÉ ¼ö ¾ø´Â Àǹ̸¦
°¡Áö°Ô µÊÀ» ¹Ï´Â´Ù. |
|
I believe my rational life, my light, was only given me in order to
shine before men, not by words but by good works, that men may praise the
Father (Matt. v. 16). I believe that my life and knowledge of truth is a
talent given me to use, and this talent is a fire which is only a fire
when it burns. I believe that I am Nineveh in relation to other Jonahs
from whom I have learnt and am still learning the truth, but that I too am
a Jonah in relation to other Ninevites to whom I must convey the truth. I
believe that the sole meaning of my life lies in living by that light
which is within me, and in not hiding it under a bushel but holding it
high before men that they may see it. And this belief gives me fresh
strength to fulfill Christ's teaching, and destroys those hindrances
which formerly blocked my path. |
³ªÀÇ À̼ºÀûÀÎ »îÀº, Áï ³ªÀÇ ºûÀº, ¸»·Î¼°¡ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó
¼±ÇÑ ÇàÀ§µé·Î¼, ¿ÀÁ÷ »ç¶÷µé ¾Õ¿¡ ºñÃß±â À§Çؼ,
±×¸®ÇÏ¿© »ç¶÷µéÀÌ ¾Æ¹öÁö²² ¿µ±¤À» µ¹¸®±â À§Çؼ(¸¶Åº¹À½
5Àå 16Àý), ³»°Ô ÁÖ¾îÁø °ÍÀÓÀ» ³ª´Â ¹Ï´Â´Ù. ³ªÀÇ »î°ú
Áø¸®¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Áö½ÄÀº »ç¿ëÇϵµ·Ï ³»°Ô ÁÖ¾îÁø Àç´ÉÀ̸ç,
ÀÌ Àç´ÉÀº ºÒÀ̸ç ÀÌ ºÒÀº ¿ÀÁ÷ Ÿ°í ÀÖÀ» ¶§ ºÒÀÓÀ»
³ª´Â ¹Ï´Â´Ù. ³ª´Â ´Ù¸¥ ¿ä³ªµé°ú °ü°èÀÖ´Â ´Ï´À¿þ
»ç¶÷ÀÌ¸ç ¾ÆÁ÷µµ Áø¸®¸¦ ¹è¿ì°í ÀÖÁö¸¸, ´Ù¸¥ ´Ï´À¿þ
»ç¶÷µé°ú °ü°èÀÖ´Â ¿ä³ªÀ̸ç, ³ª´Â ¹Ýµå½Ã ±×µé¿¡°Ô
Áø¸®¸¦ ÀüÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ³ª´Â ¹Ï´Â´Ù. ³ªÀÇ »îÀÇ
À¯ÀÏÇÑ Àǹ̴ ³ªÀÇ ¾È¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ºû¿¡ ÀÇÇØ »î¿¡ ÀÖÀ¸¸ç,
±× ºûÀ» ¹ßµî»ó ¾Æ·¡ µÎÁö ¾Ê°í »ç¶÷µé ¾Õ¿¡ ³ôÀÌ
µé¾î¼ ±×µéÀÌ º¼ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ÇÔ¿¡ ÀÖ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ¹Ï´Â´Ù.
±×¸®°í ÀÌ ¹ÏÀ½Àº ³»°Ô ±×¸®½ºµµÀÇ °¡¸£Ä§À» ½ÇÇàÇÒ ¼ö
ÀÖ´Â »õ·Î¿î ÈûÀ» ÁÖ¸ç, ÀÌÀü¿¡ ³ªÀÇ ±æÀ» ¸·¾Ò´ø
Àå¾Ö¹°µéÀ» ÆÄ±«ÇÑ´Ù. |
|
The very thing which formerly militated against the truth and
practicability of Christ's teaching and drove me away from it- the
possibility of priva¡©tions, sufferings, and death, inflicted by those who
do not know his teaching- that very thing now confirms for me the truth of
the teaching and attracts me to it. |
ÀÌÀü¿¡ ±×¸®½ºµµÀÇ °¡¸£Ä§ÀÇ Áø¸®¿Í ½ÇÇà°¡´É¼º¿¡
´ëÇØ ¹Ý±â¸¦ µé¾ú´ø ¹Ù·Î ±×°Í- ±×ÀÇ °¡¸£Ä§À» ¸ð¸£´Â
»ç¶÷µé¿¡ ÀÇÇØ °¡ÇØÁö´Â ±ÃÇÌ, °íÅë, ±×¸®°í Á×À½ÀÇ
°¡´É¼º- ¹Ù·Î ±×°ÍÀÌ ÀÌÁ¦ ³ª¿¡°Ô ÀÖ¾î¼ °¡¸£Ä§ÀÇ
Áø¸®¸¦ È®ÁõÇØ ÁÖ¸ç ³ª¸¦ Áø¸®¿¡ ²ø¾î´ç±ä´Ù. |
|
Christ said, 'When you exalt the son of man you will all be drawn to
me', and I felt that I was irresistibly drawn to him. He also said,
'The truth will make you free', and I felt myself completely free. |
±×¸®½ºµµ´Â ¸»ÇÑ´Ù, ¡®³ÊÈñ°¡ »ç¶÷ÀÇ ¾ÆµéÀ» ³ôÀÏ ¶§,
³ÊÈñ´Â ¸ðµÎ ³ª¿¡°Ô ²ø¸®°Ô µÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù¡¯, ±×¸®°í ³ª´Â
³»°¡ ±×¸®½ºµµ¿¡°Ô °ÇÏ°Ô ²ø¸®´Â °ÍÀ» ´À²¼´Ù. ±×´Â
¶ÇÇÑ ¸»ÇÑ´Ù: ¡®Áø¸®°¡ ³ÊÈñ¸¦ ÀÚÀ¯·Ó°Ô Çϸ®´Ï¡¯,
±×¸®°í ³ª´Â ³ª ÀÚ½ÅÀÌ ¿ÏÀüÈ÷ ÀÚÀ¯·Î¿òÀ» ´À²¼´Ù. |
|
'If a hostile army or wicked people attack me', thought I formerly,
'and I do not defend myself, they will despoil me, shame me, and torment
and kill me and my neighbors', and this seemed to me terrible. But now
all that formerly disturbed me seems to me joyful and confirms the truth.
I now know that I and the enemy and the so-called criminals and robbers
are all men, all just sons of man as myself, who love good and hate evil
as I do, and who also live on the eve of death as I do, seek¡©ing
salvation and with no possibility of finding it except in Christ's
teaching. All evil that they do me will be evil for themselves, and
therefore they should do me good. If the truth is unknown to them and they
do evil considering it good, I know the truth only in order to show it to
those who do not know it. But I cannot show it them except by renouncing
participation in evil and acknowledging the truth by my actions. |
ÀÌÀü¿¡ ³ª´Â, ¡®¸¸ÀÏ Àû±ºÀ̳ª »ç¾ÇÇÑ »ç¶÷µéÀÌ ³ª¸¦
°ø°ÝÇÔ¿¡µµ ³»°¡ ³ª ÀÚ½ÅÀ» ¹æ¾îÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù¸é, ±×µéÀº
³ª¸¦ ¾àÅ»Çϰí, ³ª¿¡°Ô ¼öÄ¡¸¦ ÁÖ¸ç, ³ª¿Í ³ªÀÇ ÀÌ¿ô
»ç¶÷µéÀ» °í¹®Çϰí Á×ÀÏ °ÍÀÌ´Ù,¡¯¶ó°í »ý°¢ÇÏ¿´À¸¸ç,
À̰ÍÀº ³»°Ô ¹«¼·°Ô ´À²¸Á³´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ÀÌÁ¦ ³ª¸¦
°ï¶õ½º·´°Ô ÇÑ ¸ðµç °ÍÀÌ ³»°Ô ÀÖ¾î¼ Áñ°Ì°Ô ´À²¸Áö¸ç
Áø¸®¸¦ È®ÁõÇØ ÁØ´Ù. ³ª´Â ÀÌÁ¦, ³ª ±×¸®°í Àû ±×¸®°í
¼ÒÀ§ ¹üÁËÀÚµé°ú °µµµéÀº ¸ðµÎ »ç¶÷µéÀ̸ç, ¸ðµÎ ´Ù
¹Ù·Î ³ªÃ³·³ »ç¶÷ÀÇ ¾ÆµéÀ̸ç, ±×µéÀº ³ªÃ³·³ ¼±À»
»ç¶ûÇÏ°í ¾ÇÀ» ¹Ì¿öÇϸç, ¶ÇÇÑ ±×µéÀº ³ªÃ³·³ Á×À½À»
Á÷¸éÇÏ°í »ì°í ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ±¸¿øÀ» ã°í ÀÖÁö¸¸ ±×¸®½ºµµÀÇ
°¡¸£Ä§ ¾È¿¡¼ ¿Ü¿¡´Â ±×°ÍÀ» ãÀ» °¡´É¼ºÀÌ ¾ø´Ù´Â
°ÍÀ» ¾Ë°í ÀÖ´Ù. ³ª¿¡°Ô ÇàÇÏ´Â ¸ðµç ¾ÇÀº ±×µé
Àڽſ¡°Ôµµ ¾ÇÀÌ µÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù, ±×·¯¹Ç·Î ±×µéÀº ³ª¿¡°Ô
¼±À» ÇàÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¸¸ÀÏ Áø¸®°¡ ±×µé¿¡°Ô ¾Ë·ÁÁ® ÀÖÁö
¾ÊÀ¸¸ç ±×µéÀÌ ¾ÇÀ» ¼±À̶ó°í ¿©±â¸é¼ ¾ÇÀ» ÇàÇÑ´Ù¸é,
³ª´Â ¿ÀÁ÷ Áø¸®¸¦ ¸ð¸£´Â »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô Áø¸®¸¦ º¸¿©ÁÖ±â
À§ÇÏ¿© Áø¸®¸¦ ¾Ë°í ÀÖ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ³ª´Â ¿ÀÁ÷ ¾Ç¿¡
Âü¿©ÇÔÀ» Æ÷±âÇÔ°ú ³ªÀÇ ÇൿÀ¸·Î¼ Áø¸®¸¦ ÀÎÁ¤ÇÔÀ»
Á¦¿ÜÇÏ°í¼´Â Áø¸®¸¦ ±×µé¿¡°Ô º¸¿© ÁÙ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù. |
|
'Enemies will come: Germans, Turks, savages, and if you do not fight
they will slaughter you!' That is not true. If there were a society of
Christians doing no harm to anyone and giving the whole surplus of their
work to others, no enemies- neither Germans, nor Turks, nor savages- would
kill and torture such people. They would take for them¡©selves all that
those people (for whom no distinction existed between Russians, Germans,
Turks, or savages) were in any case giving away. If Christians are living
in a non-Christian society which defends itself by war, and the Christians
are called on to take part in the war, then an opportunity occurs for
those Christians to help those who do not know the truth. Christians only
know the truth in order to testify to it before those who know it not. And
they can only testify by action. That action is the repudiation of war and
the doing of good to people, without distinguishing between so-called
enemies and one's own people. |
¡®ÀûµéÀÌ Ãĵé¾î ¿Ã °ÍÀÌ´Ù: µ¶ÀÏÀεé, Å;îŰÀεé,
¾ß¸¸Àεé, ±×¸®°í ¸¸ÀÏ ´ç½ÅÀÌ ½Î¿ìÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù¸é ±×µéÀÌ
´ç½ÅÀ» Á×ÀÏ °ÍÀÌ´Ù!¡¯ À̰ÍÀº Áø½ÇÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù. ¸¸ÀÏ
¾î´À ´©±¸¿¡°Ôµµ ÇØ¸¦ °¡ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸ç ±×µéÀÇ ³ëµ¿ÀÇ
À׿©ºÐ Àüü¸¦ ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô ³ª´©¾î ÁÖ´Â
±âµ¶±³ÀεéÀÇ »çȸ°¡ ÀÖ´Ù¸é, ¾î¶² Àûµéµµ- µ¶ÀÏÀε鵵,
Å;îŰÀε鵵, ¾ß¸¸Àε鵵- ±×·¯ÇÑ »ç¶÷µéÀ» Á×À̰ųª
°í¹®ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×µéÀº ±×·± »ç¶÷µéÀÌ(±×µé¿¡°Õ
·¯½Ã¾ÆÀεé, µ¶ÀÏÀεé, ¶Ç´Â ¾ß¸¸ÀεéÀÇ ±¸ºÐÀÌ
Á¸ÀçÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù) ¾ðÁ¦³ª ³»³õÀº °ÍÀ» ±×µéÀÇ °ÍÀ¸·Î
ÃëÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¸¸ÀÏ ±âµ¶±³ÀεéÀÌ ÀüÀï¿¡ ÀÇÁöÇÏ¿©
½º½º·Î¸¦ ¹æ¾îÇÏ´Â ºñ±âµ¶±³ÀÎÀÇ »çȸ¿¡ »ì°í ÀÖÀ¸¸ç,
±âµ¶±³ÀεéÀÌ ÀüÀï¿¡ Âü°¡Çϵµ·Ï ¼ÒÁýµÈ´Ù¸é, ±×µé
±âµ¶±³Àο¡°Ô´Â Áø¸®¸¦ ¸ð¸£´Â »ç¶÷µéÀ» µµ¿ï ¼ö ÀÖ´Â
±âȸ°¡ »ý±ä´Ù. ±âµ¶±³ÀεéÀº ¿ÀÁ÷ Áø¸®¸¦ ¸ð¸£´Â
»ç¶÷À» ¾Õ¿¡¼ Áø¸®¸¦ Áõ°ÅÇϱâ À§ÇÏ¿© Áø¸®¸¦ ¾Æ´Â
°ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×¸®°í ±×µéÀº ¿ÀÁ÷ ÇàÀ§·Î¼ Áõ°ÅÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
±×·± ÇàÀ§´Â ÀüÀïÀÇ °ÅºÎÀ̸ç, ¼ÒÀ§ Àû°ú Àڱ⠹ÎÁ·À»
±¸º°ÇÔÀÌ ¾øÀÌ, »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô ¼±À» ÇàÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. |
|
'But if the foreign enemy does not attack the Christian family, then
his own wicked neighbors will, and will pillage, torture, and kill him and
those dear to him if they do not defend themselves.' This again is not
true. If all the members of the family are Christians and therefore devote
their lives to serving others, no man will be found so senseless as to
deprive of food or to kill those who serve him. Miklukha-Maklay settled
among the most bestial savages, so it is said, and they not only did not
kill him, but grew fond of him and submitted to him, merely because he was
not afraid of them, demanded nothing of them, and did them good. If a
Christian lives with an un-Christian family and relations who defend
themselves and their property by violence and the Christian is called on
to take part in that defense, this demand is for him a call to the
fulfillment of his duty in life. A Christian knows the truth only to show
it to others, and most of all to those near him and bound to him by ties
of relation¡©ship and friendship, and a Christian can show the truth by
not falling into the error others have fallen into, by not ranging himself
either on the side of the attackers or on the side of the defenders, but
by giving all to others and showing by his life that he wants nothing
except to fulfill the will of God, and that he fears nothing except to
depart from that will. |
±×·¯³ª ¸¸ÀÏ ¿ÜÀûÀÌ ±âµ¶±³ÀÎÀÇ °¡Á·À» °ø°ÝÇÏÁö
¾Ê´õ¶óµµ, Àڱ⠵¿Á· ÁßÀÇ ¾ÇÇÑ ÀÌ¿ôµéÀÌ °ø°ÝÇÒ °ÍÀ̸ç,
±×¿Í ±×°¡ »ç¶ûÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷µéÀ» ¾àÅ»ÇÏ°í °í¹®Çϰí, Á×ÀÏ
°ÍÀÌ´Ù.¡¯ ÀÌ°Í ¶ÇÇÑ Áø½ÇÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù. ¸¸ÀÏ °¡Á· ±¸¼º¿ø
¸ðµÎ°¡ ±âµ¶±³ÀÎÀÌ¸ç ±×·¯¹Ç·Î ±×µéÀÇ »îÀ» ´Ù¸¥
»ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô ºÀ»çÇÔ¿¡ ¹ÙÄ¡°í ÀÖ´Ù¸é, Àڽſ¡°Ô
ºÀ»çÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷µéÀÇ ½Ä·®À» »©¾Ñ°Å³ª ±×µéÀ» »ìÇØÇÒ
¸¸Å ¸ô»ó½ÄÇÑ »ç¶÷ÀÌ ÀÖÀ» ¸®°¡ ¾ø´Ù. µé¸®´Â ¹Ù·Î,
¹ÌŬ·çÄ« ¸¶Å¬·¹ÀÌ´Â °¡Àå ¾ß¸¸ÀûÀÎ Á¾Á· »çÀÌ¿¡
Á¤ÂøÇß´Ù, ±×·¯³ª ±×µéÀº ±×¸¦ Á×ÀÌÁö ¾Ê¾ÒÀ» »Ó¸¸
¾Æ´Ï¶ó, ±×µé ÁÁ¾ÆÇÏ°Ô µÇ¾úÀ¸¸ç ±×¿¡°Ô º¹Á¾ÇÏ¿´´Ù,
ÀÌ´Â ¿Ö³ÄÇÏ¸é ´Ü¼øÈ÷ ±×°¡ ±×µéÀ» ¹«¼¿öÇÏÁö ¾Ê±â
¶§¹®ÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, ±×µé¿¡°Ô¼ ¾Æ¹«°Íµµ ¿ä±¸ÇÏÁö
¾ÊÀ¸¸é¼ ±×µé¿¡°Ô ¼±À» ÇàÇÏ¿´±â ¶§¹®À̾ú´Ù. ¸¸ÀÏ
±âµ¶±³ÀÎÀÌ Æø·ÂÀ¸·Î Àڽŵé°ú Àç»êÀ» ¹æ¾îÇÏ´Â
ºñ±âµ¶±³ÀÎ °¡Á· ¹× ģôµé°ú ÇÔ²² »ì°í ÀÖÀ¸¸ç ±×
±âµµ±³ÀÎÀÌ ±×·± ¹æ¾î¿¡ Âü¿©Çϵµ·Ï ¿äûÀ» ¹Þ´Â´Ù¸é,
ÀÌ·± ¿ä±¸´Â ±×¿¡°Ô ÀÖ¾î¼ »î¿¡ ÀÖ¾î¼ ±×ÀÇ Àǹ«ÀÇ
½ÇÇà¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ºÎ¸§ÀÌ´Ù. ±âµ¶±³ÀÎÀº ¿ÀÁ÷ Áø¸®¸¦ ´Ù¸¥
»ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô º¸À̱â À§ÇØ ¾Ë°í ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù, ±×¸®°í
¹«¾ùº¸´Ùµµ ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ÁÖÀ§¿¡ ÀÖÀ¸¸ç °¡Á·°ü°è ¶Ç´Â
¿ìÁ¤À̶ó´Â À¯´ë·Î ¹¿©ÀÖ´Â »ç¶÷µéÀ» À§ÇÔÀ̸ç,
±âµ¶±³ÀÎÀº ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µéÀÌ ¹üÇÏ´Â ¿À·ù¿¡ ºüÁ®µéÁö
¾ÊÀ½À¸·Î½á, °ø°ÝÇÏ´Â Æí¿¡µµ ¹æ¾îÇÏ´Â Æí¿¡µµ
°¡´ãÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ½À¸·Î½á, ±×·¯³ª ¸ðµç °ÍÀ» ´Ù¸¥
»ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô ÁÜÀ¸·Î½á, ±×¸®°í ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ »îÀ¸·Î ±×´Â
Çϳª´ÔÀÇ ¶æÀ» ½ÇÇàÇÔ ¿Ü¿¡´Â ¾Æ¹«°Íµµ ¿øÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸ç,
Çϳª´ÔÀÇ ¶æ¿¡¼ ¸Ö¾îÁü ¿Ü¿¡´Â ¾Æ¹«°Íµµ µÎ·Á¿öÇÏÁö
¾Ê´Â´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» º¸¿©ÁÜÀ¸·Î½á, Áø¸®¸¦ º¸¿©ÁÙ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. |
|
'But the Government cannot allow members of society to refuse to
acknowledge the foundations of the State organization and to evade the per¡©formance
of the duties of every citizen. The Govern¡©ment demands from Christians
oaths, participation in legal proceedings and military service, and for a
refusal of these things subjects them to punishment, banishment,
imprisonment, or even execution.' And again this demand made by
Government will only serve for a Christian as a call to fulfill the busi¡©ness
of his life. For a Christian the Government's demand is the demand of
people who do not know the truth. And therefore a Christian who knows it
cannot but bear witness to it before those who know it not. Violence,
imprisonment, or execution, to which a Christian is subjected in
consequence of this, affords him the possibility of witnessing not in
words but in deeds. Every violence by war, robbery, or execution, is not a
result of the irrational forces of nature, but is perpetrated by erring
people, deprived of knowledge of the truth. And therefore the greater the
evil these people do to a Christian, the further they are from the truth,
the more un¡©fortunate are they and the more do they need a knowledge of
the truth. But a Christian cannot impart that knowledge to men otherwise
than by refraining from the error in which those dwell who do him evil,
and by returning good for evil. And that alone is the whole business of a
Christian's life, and its whole meaning, which death cannot destroy. |
¡®±×·¯³ª Á¤ºÎ´Â »çȸÀÇ ±¸¼º¿øµéÀÌ ±¹°¡ Á¶Á÷ÀÇ
±âÃʵéÀ» ÀÎÁ¤Çϱ⸦ °ÅºÎÇÏ¸ç ¸ðµç ½Ã¹ÎÀÇ Àǹ«µéÀÇ
½ÇÇàÀ» ȸÇÇÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» ¿ë³³ÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù. Á¤ºÎ´Â
±âµ¶±³Àε鿡°Ô ¸Í¼¼, ¹ýÀû ÀýÂ÷µé¿¡ Âü¿©ÇÔ, ±×¸®°í
º´¿ªÀǹ«¸¦ ¿ä±¸ÇÑ´Ù, ±×¸®°í À̰͵鿡 ´ëÇÑ °ÅºÎ¿¡
´ëÇÏ¿© ±×µéÀ» ó¹ú, À¯Çü, ¶Ç´Â ½ÉÁö¾î »çÇü¿¡ óÇÒ
°ÍÀÌ´Ù.¡¯ ±×¸®°í ´Ù½Ã, Á¤ºÎ¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ³»·ÁÁö´Â ÀÌ·±
¿ä±¸µéÀº ±âµ¶±³Àο¡°Ô ÀÖ¾î¼ ¿ÀÁ÷ ±×ÀÇ »îÀÇ ÀÓ¹«¸¦
½ÇÇàÇÒ °Í¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ºÎ¸§ÀÇ ¿ªÇÒÀ» ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
±âµ¶±³Àο¡°Ô ÀÖ¾î¼ Á¤ºÎÀÇ ¿ä±¸´Â Áø¸®¸¦ ¸ð¸£´Â
»ç¶÷µéÀÇ ¿ä±¸ÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¯¹Ç·Î Áø¸®¸¦ ¾Ë°í ÀÖ´Â
±âµ¶±³ÀÎÀº Áø¸®¸¦ ¸ð¸£´Â »ç¶÷µé ¾Õ¿¡¼ Áø¸®¸¦
Áõ°ÅÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» ¼ö ¾ø´Ù. Áø¸®ÀÇ Áõ°ÅÀÇ °á°ú·Î ÀÎÇØ
±âµ¶±³ÀÎÀÌ Ã³ÇØÁö´Â Æø·Â, Åõ¿Á, ¶Ç´Â »çÇüÀº, ±×¿¡°Ô
¸»·Î Áõ°ÅÇÔÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ÇൿÀ¸·Î Áõ°ÅÇÒ ±âȸ¸¦ ÁÖ´Â
°ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÀüÀï, °µµÁú, ¶Ç´Â »çÇü¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ¸ðµç Æø·ÂÀº
ÀÚ¿¬ÀÇ ºÒ°¡Ç×·ÂÀûÀÎ ÈûÀÇ °á°ú°¡ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, Áø¸®¸¦ ¾ËÁö
¸øÇÏ¿© Á˸¦ Áþ´Â »ç¶÷µé¿¡ ÀÇÇØ¼ ÀúÁú·¯Áö´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
±×·¯¹Ç·Î ÀÌ »ç¶÷µéÀÌ ±âµ¶±³Àο¡°Ô ¾ÇÀ» ¸¹ÀÌ ÇàÇϸé
ÇàÇÒ¼ö·Ï, Áø¸®¿¡¼ ´õ¿í ¸Ö¾îÁö°Ô µÇ°í, ±×µéÀº ´õ¿í
ºÒÇàÇϸç, ±×µéÀº ´õ¿í Áø¸®¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Áö½ÄÀ» ÇÊ¿ä·Î ÇÑ´Ù.
±×·¯³ª ±âµ¶±³ÀÎÀº ±×¿¡°Ô ¾ÇÀ» ÇàÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷µéÀÌ
¸Ó¹°·¯ ÀÖ´Â ¿À·ù¸¦ ¹üÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â °Í ±×¸®°í ¾ÇÀ» ¼±À¸·Î
°±´Â °Í ¿Ü¿¡´Â »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô Áø¸®ÀÇ Áö½ÄÀ» ÀüÇØÁÙ ¼ö
¾ø´Ù. ±×¸®°í ¿ÀÁ÷ À̰ÍÀÌ ±âµ¶±³ÀÎÀÇ »îÀÇ Àüü
ÀÓ¹«À̸ç, Àüü ÀǹÌÀÌ´Ù, ±×¸®°í Á×À½µµ ±×°ÍÀ» ÆÄ±«ÇÒ
¼ö ¾ø´Ù. |
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People bound together by a delusion form, as it were, a collective
cohesive mass. The cohesion of that mass is the world's evil. All the
reasonable activity of humanity is directed towards the destruction of
this cohesion. |
±â¸¸À¸·Î½á ÇÔ²² ¹ÀÎ »ç¶÷µéÀº, À̸¦Å׸é,
ÁýÇÕÀûÀ¸·Î ÀÀÁýµÈ µ¢¾î¸®ÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¯ÇÑ µ¢¾î¸®ÀÇ
ÀÀÁý·ÂÀº ¼¼»óÀÇ ¾ÇÀÌ´Ù. ÀηùÀÇ ¸ðµç ÇÕ¸®ÀûÀΠȰµ¿Àº
ÀÌ·± ÀÀÁý·ÂÀÇ ÆÄ±«¸¦ ÇâÇÏ¿© ÁýÁߵȴÙ. |
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All revolutions are attempts to break up that mass by violence. It
seems to people that if they break up that mass it will cease to be a
mass, and therefore they strike at it; but by trying to break it they only
forge it closer. The cohesion of the particles is not destroyed until the
inner force passes from the mass to the particles and obliges them to
separate from it. |
¸ðµç Çõ¸íµéÀº ÀÌ·± µ¢¾î¸®¸¦ Æø·ÂÀ¸·Î½á ºÐ¼âÇÏ·Á´Â
½ÃµµµéÀÌ´Ù. ¸¸ÀÏ ±×µéÀÌ ÀÌ µ¢¾î¸®¸¦ ºÐ¼âÇÑ´Ù¸é
±×°ÍÀÌ µ¢¾î¸®À̱⸦ ¸ØÃâ °Íó·³ »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô ´À²¸Áø´Ù,
±×·¯¹Ç·Î ±×µéÀº µ¢¾î¸®¸¦ µÎµé±ä´Ù; ±×·¯³ª ±×°ÍÀ»
ºÐ¼âÇÏ·Á°í ½ÃµµÇÔÀ¸·Î½á ±×µéÀº ±×°ÍÀ» ´õ¿í Á¶¹ÐÇϰÔ
´ÜÁ¶ÇÑ´Ù. ³»ÀûÀÎ ÈûÀÌ µ¢¾î¸®·ÎºÎÅÍ ÀÔÀڵ鿡°Ô
ÀüÇØÁ®¼ ÀÔÀÚµéÀÌ µ¢¾î¸®·ÎºÎÅÍ ¶³¾îÁö°Ô ¸¸µé±â
Àü±îÁö´Â, ÀÔÀÚµéÀÇ ÀÀÁý·ÂÀº ÆÄ±«µÇÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. |
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The strength of that cohesion of people lies in a falsehood, a fraud.
The force freeing each particle of the human cohesive mass is truth. Man
can hand on the truth only by deeds of truth. |
»ç¶÷µé¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ±×¿Í °°Àº ÀÀÁý·ÂÀº °ÅÁþ, Áï ±â¸¸¿¡
ÀÖ´Ù. °¢°¢ÀÇ ÀÔÀÚµéÀ» »ç¶÷ÀÇ ÀÀÁýÇÏ´Â µ¢¾î¸®¿¡¼
ºÐ¸®ÇÏ´Â ÈûÀº Áø¸®ÀÌ´Ù. »ç¶÷Àº ¿ÀÁ÷ Áø¸®¸¦
ÇàÇÔÀ¸·Î½á Áø¸®¸¦ ÀüÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. |
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Only deeds of truth bringing light into man's consciousness, destroy
the cohesion of deception and separate men one after another from the mass
bound together by the cohesion of deception. |
»ç¶÷ÀÇ ÀÇ½Ä ¾ÈÀ¸·Î ºûÀ» °¡Á®°¡´Â Áø¸®¸¦ ÇàÇÔ¸¸ÀÌ
±â¸¸ÀÇ ÀÀÁý·ÂÀ» ÆÄ±«Çϸç, ±â¸¸À̶ó´Â ÀÀÁý·ÂÀ¸·Î
ÇÔ²² ¹¿© ÀÖ´Â µ¢¾î¸®·ÎºÎÅÍ ÇÑ »ç¶÷¾¿ ºÐ¸®ÇÑ´Ù. |
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And this work has been going on already for 1800 years. From the time
the commandments of Christ were laid before humanity that work began, and
it will not end until all has been accomplished, as Christ said (Matt. v.
18). |
±×¸®°í ÀÌ ÀÛ¾÷Àº ÀÌ¹Ì 1800³â µ¿¾È ÁøÇàµÇ¾î ¿À°í
ÀÖ´Ù. ±×¸®½ºµµÀÇ °è¸íµéÀÌ Àηù ¾Õ¿¡ ¼±¾ðµÈ ¼ø°£ºÎÅÍ
ÀÌ ÀÛ¾÷Àº ½ÃÀ۵Ǿú´Ù, ±×¸®°í, ±×¸®½ºµµ°¡ ¸»ÇÑ´ë·Î(¸¶Åº¹À½
5Àå 18Àý), ¸ðµÎ°¡ ¼ºÃëµÉ ¶§±îÁö ³¡³ªÁö ¾ÊÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. |
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The Church formed of those who thought to unite people into one by
asserting of themselves with oaths that they possessed the truth, has long
since died. But the Church formed of men joined in union not by promises
nor by anointings but by deeds of truth and goodness, this Church has
always lived and will live. This Church, now as heretofore, is formed not
of those who say, Lord, Lord! yet work iniquity (Matt. vii. 21, 23), but
of those who hear Christ's words and do them. The members of this Church
know that it is only necessary for them not to infringe the unity of the
son of man, for their life to be a blessing, and that this blessedness is
only infringed by the non-fulfillment of the commandments of Christ. And
therefore members of the Church cannot but fulfill those commandments and
teach others to fulfill them. |
ÀڽŵéÀÌ Áø¸®¸¦ ¼ÒÀ¯Çϰí ÀÖ´Ù°í ¸Í¼¼µéÀ» ÅëÇØ¼
½º½º·Î ´Ü¾ðÇÔÀ¸·Î½á, »ç¶÷µéÀ» Çϳª·Î ¿¬ÇÕÇÏ·Á´Â
»ý°¢À» ÇÏ´ø »ç¶÷µé·ÎºÎÅÍ ±¸¼ºµÈ ±³È¸´Â, ¿À·¡ Àü¿¡
Á×¾ú´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ¾à¼Ó¿¡ ÀÇÇØ¼ ±×¸®°í ±â¸§ºÎÀ½¿¡
ÀÇÇØ¼°¡ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó Áø¸®¿Í ¼±À» ÇàÇÔÀ¸·Î½á ¿¬ÇÕÇÏ¿©
¸ðÀÎ »ç¶÷µé¿¡ ÀÇÇØ¼ ¸¸µé¾îÁø ±³È¸´Â, ÀÌ·± ±³È¸´Â
¾ðÁ¦³ª »ì¾Æ ¿ÔÀ¸¸ç »ì¾Æ ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ·± ±³È¸´Â,
ÀÌÀü°ú ¸¶Âù°¡Áö·Î Áö±Ýµµ, ÁÖ¿©! ÁÖ¿©! ¸»ÇÏ¸é¼ ¾ÇÇÑ
ÀÏÀ» ÇàÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷µé¿¡ ÀÇÇØ¼°¡ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó(¸¶Åº¹À½ 7Àå 21,
23Àý), ±×¸®½ºµµÀÇ ¸»¾¸µéÀ» µè°í ±×°ÍµéÀ» ÇàÇÏ´Â
»ç¶÷µé¿¡ ÀÇÇØ¼ ±¸¼ºµÈ´Ù. ÀÌ·± ±³È¸ÀÇ ±¸¼º¿øµéÀº
»ç¶÷ÀÇ ¾ÆµéÀÇ ¿¬ÇÕÀ» ÆÄ±«ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â °Í, Áï, ±×µéÀÇ
»îÀÌ ÇູÇÒ °ÍÀÌ ¿ÀÁ÷ ÇÊ¿äÇÒ »ÓÀ̸ç, ÀÌ·± ÇູÀº
¿ÀÁ÷ ±×¸®½ºµµÀÇ °è¸íµéÀ» ½ÇÇàÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ½À¸·Î½á
ÆÄ±«µÈ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ¾È´Ù. ±×·¯¹Ç·Î ±³È¸ÀÇ ±¸¼º¿øµéÀº
±×·¯ÇÑ °è¸íµéÀ» ½ÇÇàÇÏ¸ç ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô ±×°ÍµéÀ»
°¡¸£Ä¥ ¼ö ¹Û¿¡ ¾ø´Ù. |
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Whether there are now few or many such people, that is the Church which
nothing can overcome and to which all men will be united. |
¿À´Ã³¯ ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ »ç¶÷µéÀÌ Àûµç ¸¹µç, À̰ÍÀÌ ¹Ù·Î
¾î´À°Íµµ ¾ï´©¸¦ ¼ö ¾øÀ¸¸ç, ¸ðµç »ç¶÷µéÀÌ ¿¬ÇÕµÉ ¼ö
ÀÖ´Â ±³È¸ÀÌ´Ù. |
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'Fear not, little flock, for it is your Father's good pleasure to
give you the kingdom' (Luke xii. 32). |
¡®ÀûÀº ¹«¸®¿© µÎ·Á¿ö ¸»¶ó. ³ÊÈñ ¾Æ¹öÁö²²¼ ±×
³ª¶ó¸¦ ³ÊÈñ¿¡°Ô Áֽñ⸦ ±â»µÇÏ´À´Ï¶ó.¡¯(´©°¡º¹À½ 12Àå32Àý) |
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Moscow, 22 January 1884. |
¸ð½ºÅ©¹Ù, 1884³â 1¿ù 22ÀÏ. |
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¡¡ |
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