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PREFACE. |
¸Ó¸®¸» |
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In the year 1884 I wrote a book under the title
"What I Believe,"
in which I did in fact make a sincere statement of my beliefs. |
1884³â¿¡ ³ª´Â
[³ª´Â ¹«¾ùÀ» ¹Ï´Â°¡]
¶ó´Â Á¦¸ñÀ¸·Î
Ã¥À» ½è´Ù,
±×¸®°í ±×°÷¿¡¼ »ç½Ç ³ªÀÇ ¹ÏÀ½¿¡ ´ëÇÑ
ÁøÁöÇÑ Ç¥¸íÀ» ÇÏ¿´´Ù. |
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In affirming my belief in Christ's teaching, I could not help
explaining why I do not believe, and consider as mistaken, the Church's
doctrine, which is usually called Christianity. |
±×¸®½ºµµÀÇ °¡¸£Ä§¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ³ªÀÇ ¹ÏÀ½À» È®¾ðÇϸé¼,
ÈçÈ÷ ±âµ¶±³¶ó°í ºÎ¸£´Â ±³È¸ÀÇ ±³¸®¸¦ ³»°¡ ¿Ö ¹ÏÁö
¾Ê´ÂÁö,
±×¸®°í Ʋ·È´Ù°í ÇÏ´ÂÁö¸¦ ¼³¸íÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» ¼ö
¾ø¾ú´Ù. |
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Among the many points in which this doctrine falls short of the
doctrine of Christ I pointed out as the principal one the absence of any
commandment of non-resistance to evil by force. The perversion of
Christ's teaching by the teaching of the Church is more clearly apparent
in this than in any other point of difference. |
ÀÌ ±³¸®°¡ ±×¸®½ºµµÀÇ ±³¸®¿¡ ¹ÌÄ¡Áö ¸øÇÏ´Â ¸¹Àº
¿äÁ¡µé Áß¿¡¼ °¡Àå Áß¿äÇÑ °ÍÀ¸·Î Èû¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ¾Ç¿¡ ´ëÇÑ
¹«ÀúÇ×ÀÇ °á¿©¸¦ ÁöÀûÇÏ¿´´Ù.
±³È¸ °¡¸£Ä§¿¡ ÀÇÇØ¼
±×¸®½ºµµÀÇ °¡¸£Ä§ÀÇ ¿Ö°îÀº ´Ù¸¥ Áß¿äÇÑ ¾î¶²
¿äÁ¡º¸´Ùµµ ÀÌÁ¡¿¡¼ ´õ¿í ¸í¹éÇÏ°Ô µå·¯³´Ù. |
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I know-as we all do-very little of the practice and the spoken and
written doctrine of former times on the sub¡©ject of non-resistance to
evil. I knew what had been said on the subject by the fathers of the
Church-Origen, Tertullian, and others-I knew too of the existence of some
so-called sects of Mennonites,
Herrnhuters, and
Quakers, who do not allow
a Christian the use of weapons, and do not enter military
service; but I
knew little of what had been done by these so-called sects toward
expounding the question. |
¿ì¸® ¸ðµÎ°¡ ±×·¯ÇϵíÀÌ,
³ª´Â ¾Ç¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¹«ÀúÇ׿¡
´ëÇÑ ÁÖÁ¦¿¡ °üÇÏ¿© °ú°ÅÀÇ °üÇà,
±×¸®°í ¿¬¼³ ¹×
±â·ÏµÈ ±³¸®°¡ °ÅÀÇ ¾ø¾ú´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ¾È´Ù.
³ª´Â ±³È¸ÀÇ
±³ºÎµé-¿À¸®°Õ,
ÅÍÆ«¸®¾È,
¹× ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µé-ÀÌ ±× ÁÖÁ¦¿¡
°üÇÏ¿© ¾ð±ÞÇÏ¿´´ø °ÍÀ» ¾Ë¾Ò´Ù.
³ª´Â ¶ÇÇÑ ¼ÒÀ§
¸Þ³ë³ªÀÌÃ÷,
Ç츥ÇãÅͽº,
±×¸®°í ÄùÀÌÄ¿½º ±³ÆÄµéÀÇ
Á¸À縦 ¾Ë¾ÒÀ¸¸ç,
À̵éÀº ±âµ¶±³ÀεéÀÌ ¹«±â¸¦
»ç¿ëÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» ±ÝÇÏ¿´À¸¸ç,
º´¿ª Àǹ«¸¦
°ÅºÎÇÑ´Ù´Â
°ÍÀ» ¾Ë¾Ò´Ù;
±×·¯³ª ±× ¹®Á¦ÀÇ ¼³¸íÀ» À§Çؼ ¼ÒÀ§
ÀÌµé ±³ÆÄµé¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ¹«¾ùÀÌ ÇàÇØÁ³´ÂÁö °ÅÀÇ ¸ô¶ú´Ù. |
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My book was, as I had anticipated, suppressed by the Russian
censorship; but partly owing to my literary reputation, partly because the
book had excited people's curiosity, it circulated in manuscript and in
lithographed copies in Russia and through translations abroad, and it
evoked, on one side, from those who shared my con¡©victions, a series of
essays with a great deal of informa¡©tion on the subject, on the other
side a series of criticisms on the principles laid down in my book. |
³ªÀÇ Ã¥Àº,
³»°¡ ¿¹°ßÇÏ¿´´ø ´ë·Î,
·¯½Ã¾Æ ´ç±¹ÀÇ
°Ë¿À» ¹Þ¾Æ ÃâÆÇÀÌ ±ÝÁöµÇ¾ú´Ù;
±×·¯³ª ´Ù¼Ò´Â ³ªÀÇ
¹®ÇÐÀû ¸í¼ºÀ¸·Î,
´Ù¼Ò´Â ÀÌ Ã¥ÀÌ »ç¶÷µéÀÇ È£±â½ÉÀ»
ÀÚ±ØÇÏ¿©¼,
¿ø°í¿Í ¼®ÆÇ º»Àº ·¯½Ã¾Æ¿¡¼ ¹ø¿ªº»Àº
ÇØ¿Ü¿¡¼ À¯ÅëµÇ¾ú´Ù,
±×¸®°í ÇÑÆíÀ¸·Î´Â,
³ªÀÇ
È®½ÅµéÀ» °øÀ¯ÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷µé·ÎºÎÅÍ,
±× ÁÖÁ¦¿¡ °üÇÑ
¾öû³ª°Ô ¸¹Àº Á¤º¸¸¦ Áö´Ñ ÀÏ·ÃÀÇ ³íÆòµéÀ»,
´Ù¸¥
ÇÑÆí¿¡¼´Â ³ªÀÇ Ã¥¿¡ ±ò·ÁÀÖ´Â ½Å³äµé¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀÏ·ÃÀÇ
ºñÆòµéÀ» ºÒ·¯¿Ô´Ù. |
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A great deal was made clear to me by both hostile and sympathetic
criticism, and also by the historical events of late years; and I was led
to fresh results and con¡©clusions, which I wish now to expound. |
Àû´ëÀûÀ̰ųª È£ÀÇÀûÀÎ ºñÆò°ú ¶ÇÇÑ ÃÖ±ÙÀÇ ¿ª»çÀû
»ç°Çµé·Î ÀÎÇÏ¿© ³ª¿¡°Ô ¸¹Àº °ÍµéÀÌ ºÐ¸íÇØÁ³´Ù;
±×¸®°í ³ª´Â »õ·Î¿î °á°úµé°ú °á·Ðµé¿¡ À̸£°Ô
µÇ¾úÀ¸¸ç,
À̰͵éÀ» ÀÌÁ¦ ³ª´Â »ó¼úÇϰíÀÚ ÇÑ´Ù. |
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First I will speak of the information I received on the history of the
question of non-resistance to evil; then of the views of this question
maintained by spiritual critics, that is, by professed believers in the
Christian religion, and also by temporal ones, that is, those who do not
profess the Christian religion; and lastly I will speak of the con¡©clusions
to which I have been brought by all this in the light of the historical
events of late years. |
¸ÕÀú ³ª´Â ¾Ç¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¹«ÀúÇ×ÀÇ ¹®Á¦¿¡ °üÇÑ ¿ª»ç¿¡
´ëÇÏ¿© ³»°¡ ÀÔ¼öÇÑ ³»¿ëÀ» À̾߱âÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù;
±×¸®°í
³ª¼ ¿µÀûÀÎ ºñÆò°¡µé,
Áï,
±âµ¶±³¸¦ ¹Ï´Â´Ù°í °ø¾ðÇÏ´Â
»ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô¼ ÁöÁöµÇ´Â,
±×¸®°í ¶ÇÇÑ ¼ÓÀεé,
Áï,
±âµ¶±³¸¦ ¹Ï´Â´Ù°í °ø¾ðÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â »ç¶÷µé¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ
¹®Á¦ÀÇ °ßÇØ¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© ¸»ÇÒ °ÍÀ̸ç;
±×¸®°í ¸¶Áö¸·À¸·Î
ÃÖ±Ù ¼ö³â µ¿¾ÈÀÇ ¿ª»çÀû »ç°Çµé¿¡ ºñÃß¾î¼ ÀÌ ¸ðµç
°Í¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© ³»°¡ µµ´ÞÇÏ°Ô µÈ °á·Ð¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© ¸»ÇÒ
°ÍÀÌ´Ù. |
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L. tolstoi. yasnaia poliana, May 14/26, 1893. |
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