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¡¡
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| CHAPTER XII. |
Á¦
12
Àå
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CONCLUSION-REPENT YE, FOR THE KINGDOM OF HEAVEN IS AT
HAND. |
°á·Ð-ȸ°³Ç϶ó,
Çϳª´ÔÀÇ ¿Õ±¹ÀÌ
°¡±î¿ü´À´Ï¶ó.
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6. |
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6. Our Life has Reached the Extreme Limit of Misery and Cannot be
Improved by any Systems of Organization-All our Life and all our
Institutions are Quite Meaningless-Are we Doing what God Wills of us by
Preserving our Privileges and Duties to Government?-We are put in this
Position not Because the World is so Made and it is Inevi¡©table, but
Because we Wish it to be so, Because it is to the Advantage of Some of
us-Our Conscience is in Opposition to our Position and all our Conduct,
and the Way Out of the Contradiction is to be Found in the Recognition of
the Christian Truth: Do Not unto Others what you Would Not they should Do
unto You-As our Duties to Self Must be Subordinated to our Duties to
Others, so Must our Duties to Others be Subordinated to our Duties to
God-The Only Way Out of our Position Lies, if not in Renouncing our
Position and our Privileges, at Least in Recognizing our Sin and not
Justifying it nor Disguising it- The Only Object of Life is to Learn the
Truth and to Act on it-Ac¡©ceptance of the Position and of State Action
Deprives Life of all Ob¡©ject-It is God's Will that we should Serve Him
in our Life, that is, that we should Bring About the Greatest Unity of all
that has Life, a Unity only Possible in Truth. |
6.
¿ì¸®ÀÇ »îÀº ºÒÇàÀÇ ±ØÇÑ¿¡ µµ´ÞÇß´Ù ±×¸®°í
Á¶Á÷À̶ó´Â ü°èµé·Î´Â °³¼±µÉ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù-¿ì¸®ÀÇ ¸ðµç
»î°ú ¿ì¸®ÀÇ ¸ðµç ±â°üµéÀº ³Ê¹«³ª Àǹ̰¡ ¾ø´Ù-Á¤ºÎ¿¡
´ëÇÑ Æ¯±Çµé°ú Àǹ«µéÀ» À¯º¸ÇÏ¸é¼ Çϳª´ÔÀÌ ¿ì¸®¿¡°Ô
¸íÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ¿ì¸®´Â ÇàÇϰí Àִ°¡?-¿ì¸®°¡ ÀÌ·± À§Ä¡¿¡
ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀº ¼¼»óÀÌ ±×·¸°Ô ¸¸µé¾î Á®¼ ºÒ°¡ÇÇÇϱâ
¶§¹®ÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó,
¿ì¸®°¡ ±×°ÍÀÌ ±×·¯ÇÔÀ» ¿øÇϰí,
¿ì¸®µé
ÁßÀÇ ´©±º°¡¿¡°Ô ÀÌÀÍÀÌ µÇ±â ¶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù-¿ì¸®ÀÇ ¾ç½ÉÀº
¿ì¸®ÀÇ ÁöÀ§¿Í ¿ì¸®ÀÇ ¸ðµç ÇàÀ§µé¿¡ ¹Ý´ëµÈ´Ù,
±×¸®°í
±×·± ¸ð¼ø¿¡¼ ¹þ¾î³ª´Â ±æÀº ±âµ¶±³ÀÇ Áø¸®¸¦
ÀνÄÇÔ¿¡ ÀÖ´Ù:
´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µéÀÌ ´ç½Å¿¡°Ô ÇàÇϱ⸦
¹Ù¶óÁö ¾Ê´Â °ÍÀ» ´ç½Åµµ ±×µé¿¡°Ô ÇàÇÏÁö ¸»¶ó-¿ì¸®
Àڽſ¡ ´ëÇÑ Àǹ«µéÀÌ ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µé¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Àǹ«µé¿¡
Á¾¼ÓµÇ¾î¾ß ÇÔ°ú °°ÀÌ,
´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿ì¸®ÀÇ
Àǹ«µéµµ Çϳª´Ô¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿ì¸®ÀÇ Àǹ«µé¿¡ Á¾¼ÓµÇ¾î¾ß
ÇÑ´Ù-¿ì¸®ÀÇ Ã³Áö¿¡¼ ¹þ¾î³ª´Â À¯ÀÏÇÑ ±æÀº,
¿ì¸®ÀÇ
ÁöÀ§µé°ú ¿ì¸®ÀÇ Æ¯±ÇµéÀ» Æ÷±âÇÔ¿¡ ÀÖÁö ¾Ê´Ù¸é,
Àû¾îµµ ¿ì¸®ÀÇ Á˸¦ ÀνÄÇÏ°í ±×°ÍÀ» Á¤´çÈ ÇÏÁöµµ
¼û±â·Á ÇÏÁöµµ ¾ÊÀ½¿¡ ÀÖ´Ù-»îÀÇ À¯ÀÏÇÑ ¸ñÀûÀº Áø¸®¸¦
¹è¿ì°í ±×°ÍÀ» ÇàÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù-ÁöÀ§¿Í ±¹°¡ÀÇ ÇàÀ§¸¦
¹Þ¾ÆµéÀÓÀº »îÀÇ ¸ðµç ¸ñÀûÀ» »©¾Ñ±â°Ô µÈ´Ù-¿ì¸®ÀÇ »î
¾È¿¡¼ Çϳª´ÔÀ» ¼¶±â´Â °ÍÀº Çϳª´ÔÀÇ ¶æÀÌ´Ù,
Áï,
¿ì¸®´Â »ý¸íÀ» °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Â ¸ðµç °ÍÀÇ °¡Àå Å« ÈÇÕ,
Áï,
¿ÀÁ÷ Áø¸® ¾È¿¡¼ °¡´ÉÇÑ ÈÇÕÀ» ÀÌ·ç¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. |
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Nowadays, after so many centuries of fruitless efforts to make our life
secure by the pagan organization of life, it must be evident to everyone
that all efforts in that direction only introduce fresh dangers into
personal and social life, and do not render it more secure in any way. |
À̱³ÀûÀÎ »îÀÇ Á¶Á÷¿¡ ÀÇÇØ¼ ¿ì¸®ÀÇ »îÀ» ¾ÈÀüÇϰÔ
ÇÏ·Á´Â ¼ö ¹é³â µ¿¾ÈÀÇ ÇêµÈ ³ë·Â ³¡ÀÇ ¿À´Ã³¯,
±×·±
¹æÇâÀ¸·ÎÀÇ ¸ðµç ³ë·ÂµéÀº ¿ÀÁ÷ °³ÀÎ ¹× »çȸÀûÀÎ »î¿¡
»õ·Î¿î À§ÇèµéÀ» ´øÁ®ÁÖ¸ç,
¾î¶² ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Îµç ´õ
¾ÈÀüÇÏ°Ô ¸¸µé¾î ÁÖÁö ¾ÊÀ½ÀÌ ¸ðµç »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô
¸í¹éÇØÁ³´Ù. |
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Whatever names we dignify ourselves with, whatever uni¡©forms we wear,
whatever priests we anoint ourselves before, however many millions we
possess, however many guards are stationed along our road, however many
police¡©men guard our wealth, however many so-called criminals,
revolutionists, and anarchists we punish, whatever exploits we have
performed, whatever states we may have founded, fortresses and towers we
may have erected-from Babel to the Eiffel Tower-there are two inevitable
conditions of life, confronting all of us, which destroy its whole
meaning; |
¿ì¸®°¡ ½º½º·Î¸¦ ¾î¶² ¸íĪÀ¸·Î À§¾ö½º·´°Ô ÇÏ·ÁÇϵç,
¾î¶² Á¦º¹À» ÀÔµç,
¾î¶² »çÁ¦µéÀÌ ¿ì¸®¸¦ ±â¸§ºÎ¾î ÁÖµç,
¿ì¸®°¡ ¾Æ¹«¸® ¼ö¹é¸¸À» ¼ÒÀ¯Çϵç,
¿ì¸®°¡ °¡´Â ±æ¿¡
¾Æ¹«¸® ¸¹Àº °æÈ£¿øµéÀÌ ÁøÀ» Ä¡µç,
¾Æ¹«¸® ¾ÊÀº
°æÂû°üÀÌ ¿ì¸®ÀÇ ºÎ¸¦ °æºñÇϵç,
¼ÒÀ§ ¾Æ¹«¸® ¸¹Àº
¹üÁËÀÚµé,
Çõ¸í°¡µé,
±×¸®°í ¹«Á¤ºÎÁÖÀÇÀÚµéÀ» ¿ì¸®°¡
ó¹úÇϵç,
¿ì¸®°¡ ¾î¶² ¾÷ÀûÀ» ¼ºÃëÇÏ¿´µç,
¿ì¸®°¡ ¾î¶²
±¹°¡µéÀ» ¼¼¿üÀ¸¸ç,
¿ä»õµé°ú ¼ºµéÀ» ¼¼¿üÀ» Áö¶óµµ-¹Ùº§¿¡¼ºÎÅÍ
¿¡Æç ž±îÁö-¿ì¸® ¸ðµÎ°¡ Á÷¸éÇØ ÀÖ´Â,
±× Àüü Àǹ̸¦
»ó¼âÇÏ´Â µÎ °¡Áö ÇÇÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Â »îÀÇ »óŵéÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù; |
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(1) death, which may at any moment pounce upon each of us; and (2) the
transitoriness of all our works, which so soon pass away and leave no
trace. Whatever we may do- found companies, build palaces and monuments,
write songs and poems-it is all not for long time. Soon it passes away,
leaving no trace. And therefore, however we may conceal it from ourselves,
we cannot help seeing that the significance of our life cannot lie in our
personal fleshly existence, the prey of incurable suffering and inevitable
death, nor in any social institution or organization. Who¡©ever you may be
who are reading these lines, think of your position and of your duties-not
of your position as land¡©owner, merchant, judge, emperor, president,
minister, priest, soldier, which has been temporarily allotted you by men,
and not of the imaginary duties laid on you by those positions, but of
your real positions in eternity as a creature who at the will of Someone
has been called out of uncon¡©sciousness after an eternity of
non-existence to which you may return at any moment at his will. Think of
your duties-not your supposed duties as a landowner to your estate, as a
merchant to your business, as emperor, minis¡©ter, or official to the
state, but of your real duties, the duties that follow from your real
position as a being called into life and endowed with reason and love. |
(1)
Á×À½,
À̰ÍÀº ¾î´À ¼ø°£¿¡¶óµµ ¿ì¸® °¢ÀÚÀÇ À§¿¡
µ¤Ä¥ °ÍÀÌ´Ù;
±×¸®°í (2)
¿ì¸®ÀÇ ¸ðµç ¾÷ÀûµéÀÇ µ¡¾øÀ½,
À̰͵éÀº ³Ê¹«³ª »¡¸® »ç¶óÁö°í ¾Æ¹«·± ÈçÀûµµ ³²±âÁö
¾Ê´Â´Ù.
¿ì¸®°¡ ¹«¾ùÀ» ÇàÇϵçÁö-ȸ»ç¸¦ ¼³¸³Çϰí,
±ÃÀüµé°ú ±â³äºñµéÀ» ¼¼¿ì¸ç,
³ë·¡µé°ú ½ÃµéÀ» ¾²µçÁö
°£¿¡-±× ¸ðµç °ÍµéÀº ¿À·¡°¡Áö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.
°ð ±×°ÍÀº
»ç¶óÁö°í,
¾Æ¹«·± ÈçÀûµµ ³²±âÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.
±×¸®°í
±×·¯¹Ç·Î,
¿ì¸®°¡ ±×°ÍÀ» ¾Æ¹«¸® Àڽŵ鿡°Ô¼ ¼û±â·Á
ÇØµµ,
¿ì¸®´Â ¿ì¸®ÀÇ »îÀÇ Àǹ̴ °³ÀÎÀû À°Ã¼Àû Á¸Àç,
Áï Ä¡À¯ÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Â °íÅë°ú ÇÇÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Â Á×À½ÀÇ
Àç¹°À̳ª,
¾î¶² »çȸÀû ±â±¸³ª Á¶Á÷¿¡ ÀÖÁö ¾ÊÀ½À»
±ú´ÝÁö ¾ÊÀ» ¼ö ¾ø´Ù.
ÀÌ ±Û ÁÙµéÀ» Àаí ÀÖ´Â ´ç½ÅÀÌ
´©±¸µç °£¿¡,
´ç½ÅÀÇ ÁöÀ§¿Í Àǹ«µéÀ» »ý°¢Çغ¸¶ó-ÁöÁÖ,
»óÀÎ,
¹ý°ü,
ȲÁ¦,
´ëÅë·É,
Àå°ü,
»çÁ¦,
º´»ç·Î¼
»ç¶÷µéÀÌ Àӽ÷Π´ç½Å¿¡°Ô ÇÒ´çÇØÁØ À§Ä¡°¡ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó,
±×µé ÁöÀ§¿¡ ÀÇÇØ¼ ´ç½Å¿¡°Ô ºÎ°úµÈ °¡»óÀÇ Àǹ«µéÀÌ
¾Æ´Ï¶ó,
´ç½ÅÀÌ ¾î´À ¼ø°£¿¡¶óµµ ±× ºÐÀÇ ¶æ¿¡ µû¶ó
µ¹¾Æ°¥ Á¸ÀçÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ½ µÚ¿¡ ¹«ÀǽÄÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ±× ºÐÀÇ
¶æ¿¡ µû¶ó¼ ºÒ·Á ³ª¿Â ÇÇÁ¶¹°·Î¼,
¿µ¿ø¿¡¼ÀÇ ´ç½ÅÀÇ
ÁøÁ¤ÇÑ ÁöÀ§µé¿¡ ´ëÇØ »ý°¢Çغ¸¶ó.
´ç½ÅÀÇ Àǹ«µé¿¡
´ëÇØ »ý°¢ÇØ º¸¶ó-¼ÒÀ§ ´ç½ÅÀÇ ÅäÁö¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÁöÁַμÀÇ
Àǹ«,
´ç½ÅÀÇ »ç¾÷¿¡ ´ëÇÑ »óÀÎÀ¸·Î¼ÀÇ Àǹ«,
ȲÁ¦,
Àå°ü,
¶Ç´Â °ü¸®ÀÇ ±¹°¡¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Àǹ«µéÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó,
´ç½ÅÀÇ ÁøÁ¤ÇÑ Àǹ«µé,
»îÀ¸·Î ºÎ¸§ ¹Þ°í À̼º°ú »ç¶ûÀ»
ºÎ¿© ¹ÞÀº Á¸Àç·Î¼ÀÇ ÁøÁ¤ÇÑ ÁöÀ§¿¡ µû¸£´Â Àǹ«µéÀ»
»ý°¢Çغ¸¶ó. |
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Are you doing what he demands of you who has sent you into the world,
and to whom you will soon return? Are you doing what he wills? Are you
doing his will, when as landowner or manufacturer you rob the poor of the
fruits of their toil, basing your life on this plunder of the workers, or
when, as judge or governor, you ill treat men, sentence them to execution,
or when as soldiers you prepare for war, kill and plunder? |
´ç½ÅÀ» ¼¼»ó¿¡ º¸³»¾ú°í,
°ð µ¹¾Æ °¡¾ß ÇÒ ±× ºÐÀÌ
¿ä±¸ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» ´ç½ÅÀº ÇàÇϰí Àִ°¡?
´ç½ÅÀº ±×ºÐÀÌ
¶æÇÏ´Â ¹Ù¸¦ ÇàÇϰí Àִ°¡?
ÁöÁÖ³ª Á¦Á¶¾÷Àڷμ
´ç½ÅÀÌ °¡³ÇÑ »ç¶÷µé·ÎºÎÅÍ ±×µéÀÇ ³ëµ¿ÀÇ ¿¸ÅµéÀ»
°Å»Çϰí,
´ç½ÅÀÇ »îÀ» ÀÌ·¸°Ô ³ëµ¿ÀÚµéÀ» ¾àÅ»ÇÔ¿¡
±âÃÊÇÒ ¶§¿¡,
¶Ç´Â ¹ý°üÀ̳ª Ãѵ¶À¸·Î¼,
»ç¶÷µéÀ»
ÇдëÇϰí,
±×µé¿¡°Ô »çÇü¼±°í¸¦ ³»¸± ¶§,
¶Ç´Â º´»ç·Î¼
ÀüÀï¿¡ Âü¿©ÇÏ°í »ìÀÎÇÏ¸ç ¾àÅ»ÇÒ ¶§¿¡,
´ç½ÅÀº ±×ÀÇ
¶æÀ» ÇàÇϰí Àִ°¡? |
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You will say that the world is so made that this is inevi¡©table, and
that you do not do this of your own free will, but because you are forced
to do so. But can it be that you have such a strong aversion to men's
sufferings, ill treat¡©ment, and murder, that you have such an intense
need of love and co-operation with your fellows that you see clearly that
only by the recognition of the equality of all, and by mutual services,
can the greatest possible happiness be real¡©ized; that your head and your
heart, the faith you profess, and even science itself tell you the same
thing, and yet that in spite of it all you can be forced by some confused
and complicated reasoning to act in direct opposition to all this; that as
landowner or capitalist you are bound to base your whole life on the
oppression of the people; that as emperor or president you are to command
armies, that is, to be the , head and commander of murderers; or that as
government official you are forced to take from the poor their last pence
for rich men to profit and share them among themselves; or that as judge
or juryman you could be forced to sentence erring men to ill treatment and
death because the truth was not revealed to them, or above all, for that
is the basis of all the evil, that you could be forced to become a
soldier, and renouncing your free will and your human sentiments, could
undertake to kill anyone at the command of other men? |
´ç½ÅÀº ¼¼»óÀÌ ±×·¸°Ô ¸¸µé¾î Á³À¸¹Ç·Î À̰ÍÀÌ
ºÒ°¡ÇÇÇϸç,
´ç½Å ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ÀÚÀ¯ ÀÇÁö·Î À̰ÍÀ» ÇàÇÔÀÌ
¾Æ´Ï¶ó ±×·¸°Ô ÇàÇϵµ·Ï °¿ä ¹Þ°í ÀÖ´Ù°í ¸»ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
±×·¯³ª ´ç½ÅÀÌ »ç¶÷µéÀÇ °íÅë,
Çдë,
±×¸®°í »ìÀο¡
´ëÇØ¼ ±×·¸°Ô °ÇÑ Çø¿À¸¦ °¡Áö°í ÀÖÀ¸¸ç,
´ç½ÅÀÇ
µ¿·áµé¿¡°Ô »ç¶û°ú Çù·Â¿¡ ´ëÇØ ±×Åä·Ï °·ÄÇÑ ¿å±¸¸¦
°¡Á®¼,
¿ÀÁ÷ ¸ðµç »ç¶÷ÀÇ Æòµî¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀνĿ¡¼,
±×¸®°í »óÈ£ ºÀ»ç¿¡¼,
°¡´ÉÇÑ °¡Àå Å« ÇູÀÌ ½ÇÇöµÉ
¼ö ÀÖ´Ù°í ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀΰ¡;
´ç½ÅÀÇ ¸Ó¸®¿Í °¡½¿,
´ç½ÅÀÌ °í¹éÇÏ´Â ½Å¾Ó,
±×¸®°í ½ÉÁö¾î °úÇÐ ÀÚü°¡ ¶È
°°Àº °ÍÀ» ¸»ÇØ ÁÖÁö¸¸,
±× ¸ðµç °Í¿¡ ºÒ±¸ÇÏ°í ¾î¶²
È¥¶õ½º·¯¿ì¸ç º¹ÀâÇÑ Ã߷п¡ ÀÇÇØ¼ ÀÌ ¸ðµç °Í¿¡
Á¤¸éÀ¸·Î ¹Ý´ëÇÏ¿© ÇàÇÏ¿©¾ß Çϸç;
ÁöÁÖ³ª ÀÚº»°¡·Î¼
´ç½ÅÀº ´ç½ÅÀÇ Àüü »îÀ» »ç¶÷µéÀ» ¾ï¾ÐÇÔ¿¡
±âÃÊÇÏ¿©¾ß¸¸ Çϰí;
ȲÁ¦³ª ´ëÅë·ÉÀ¸·Î¼ ´ç½ÅÀº
±º´ë¸¦ È£·ÉÇÏ¿©¾ß¸¸ Çϸç,
Áï,
»ìÀÎÀÚµéÀÇ ¼ö¹ÝÀ̸ç
ÁöÈÖÀÚ°¡ µÇ¾î¾ß Çϰí;
¶Ç´Â Á¤ºÎ °ü¸®·Î¼ °¡³ÇÑ
»ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô¼ ±×µéÀÇ ¸¶Áö¸· ÇÑǬÀÌ¶óµµ ºÎÀÚµéÀÌ
ÀÌÀÍÀ» º¸°í ±×µé °¡¿îµ¥ ³ª´©µµ·Ï »©¾Ñ¾Æ¾ß¸¸ Çϰųª;
¶Ç´Â ¹ý°üÀ̳ª ¹è½É¿øÀ¸·Î¼ Áø¸®°¡ ±×µé¿¡°Ô ¹àÇôÁöÁö
¾Ê¾Ò´Ù´Â ÀÌÀ¯¸¸À¸·Î °ú¿À¸¦ ÀúÁö¸¦ »ç¶÷µéÀ» °¡È¤ÇÑ
´ë¿ì³ª »çÇü¿¡ ¼±°íÇϰųª,
¶Ç´Â ¹«¾ùº¸´Ùµµ ±×°ÍÀÌ
¸ðµç ¾ÇÀÇ ±Ù°Å¶ó´Â ÀÌÀ¯·Î,
´ç½ÅÀÌ º´»ç°¡ µÇ¾î¾ß¸¸
Çϰí,
´ç½ÅÀÇ ¸ðµç ÀÚÀ¯ ÀÇÁö¿Í ´ç½ÅÀÇ Àΰ£À¸·Î¼ÀÇ
°¨Á¤µéÀ» Æ÷±âÇϰí,
´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µéÀÇ ¸í·É¿¡ µû¶ó¼
´©±¸¶óµµ Á×ÀÌ´Â ÀÓ¹«¸¦ ´ÙÇÒ ¼ö Àִ°¡? |
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It cannot be. |
±×·² ¼ö ¾ø´Ù. |
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Even if you are told that all this is necessary for the maintenance of
the existing order of things, and that this social order with its
pauperism, famines, prisons, gallows, armies, and wars is necessary to
society; that still greater disasters would ensue if this organization
were destroyed; all that is said only by those who profit by this organiza¡©tion,
while those who suffer from it-and they are ten times as numerous-think
and say quite the contrary. And at the bottom of your heart you know
yourself that it is not true, that the existing organization has outlived
its time, and must inevitably be reconstructed on new principles, and that
consequently there is no obligation upon you to sacrifice your sentiments
of humanity to support it. |
ºñ·Ï ÀÌ ¸ðµç °ÍÀÌ ±âÁ¸ ¼¼»ó Áú¼¸¦ À¯ÁöÇϱâ À§Çؼ
ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù°í,
±×¸®°í ºó°ï,
±â±Ù,
°¨¿Á,
±³¼ö´ë,
±º´ë,
±×¸®°í ÀüÀï µéÀ» ÇÔ²²ÇÏ´Â ÀÌ·± »çȸ Áú¼°¡ »çȸ¿¡
ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù°í µé¾úÀ» Áö¶óµµ;
¸¸ÀÏ ÀÌ·± Á¶Á÷ÀÌ
ÆÄ±«µÈ´Ù¸é ÈξÀ Å« Àç¾ÓµéÀÌ µû¸¦ °ÍÀ̸ç;
±× ¸ðµç
°ÍÀº ¿ÀÁ÷ ÀÌ·± Á¶Á÷¿¡ ÀÇÇØ¼ ÀÌÀÍÀ» ¾ò´Â »ç¶÷µéÀÌ
¸»ÇÑ °ÍÀ̸ç,
¹Ý¸é¿¡ ±×·Î ÀÎÇØ¼ °íÅë ¹Þ´Â »ç¶÷µéÀº-±×¸®°í
±×µéÀÇ ¼ýÀÚ´Â ¿ ¹è³ª ¸¹´Ù-
Á¤ ¹Ý´ë·Î »ý°¢Çϰí
¸»ÇÑ´Ù.
±×¸®°í ´ç½ÅÀÇ °¡½¿ ±íÀº °÷¿¡¼,
±×°ÍÀÌ
Áø½ÇÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¸ç,
±âÁ¸ Á¶Á÷Àº ½Ã´ë¿¡ ¸ÂÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸ç,
¹Ýµå½Ã »õ·Î¿î ¿ø¸®µé À§¿¡ ÇÊ¿¬ÀûÀ¸·Î Àç °Ç¼³µÇ¾î
Á®¾ß Çϰí,
°á±¹ ±× Á¶Á÷À» Áö¿øÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù´Â Àηù¾ÖÀÇ
°¨Á¤µéÀ» Èñ»ýÇÏ¿©¾ß ÇÒ ¾Æ¹«·± Àǹ«°¡ ¾ø´Ù´Â °ÍÀ»
¾Ë°í ÀÖ´Ù. |
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Above all, even if you allow that this organization is necessary, why
do you believe it to be your duty to maintain it at the cost of your best
feelings? Who has made you the nurse in charge of this sick and moribund
organization? Not society nor the state nor anyone; no one has asked you
to undertake this; you who fill your position of landowner, merchant,
tzar, priest, or soldier know very well that you occupy that position by
no means with the unselfish aim of maintaining the organization of life
necessary to men's happiness, but simply in your own interests, to
satisfy your own covetousness or vanity or ambition or indolence or
cowardice. If you did not desire that position, you would not be doing
your utmost to retain it. Try the ex¡©periment of ceasing to commit the
cruel, treacherous, and base actions that you are constantly committing in
order to retain your position, and you will lose it at once. Try the
simple experiment, as a government official, of giving up lying, and
refusing to take a part in executions and acts of violence; as a priest,
of giving up deception; as a soldier, of giving up murder; as landowner or
manufacturer, of giv¡©ing up defending your property by fraud and force;
and you will at once lose the position which you pretend is forced upon
you, and which seems burdensome to you. |
¹«¾ùº¸´Ùµµ,
ºñ·Ï ´ç½ÅÀÌ ÀÌ·± Á¶Á÷ÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù°í
ÀÎÁ¤ÇÏ´õ¶óµµ,
´ç½ÅÀÇ °¡Àå ÁÁÀº °¨Á¤µéÀ»
Èñ»ýÇÏ°í¼¶óµµ ±×°ÍÀ» À¯ÁöÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ´ç½ÅÀÇ Àǹ«¶ó°í
¹Ï´Â°¡?
´©°¡ ´ç½ÅÀ» ÀÌ·± º´µé¾î¼ Á׾´Â Á¶Á÷À»
Ã¥ÀÓÁö´Â °£È£¿øÀ¸·Î ÀÓ¸íÇߴ°¡?
»çȸµµ,
±¹°¡µµ ¾î´À
´©±¸µµ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù;
¾Æ¹«µµ ´ç½ÅÀÌ À̰ÍÀ» Ã¥ÀÓÁö¶ó°í
¿äûÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù;
ÁöÁÖ,
»óÀÎ,
ȲÁ¦,
»çÁ¦,
¶Ç´Â º´»çÀÇ
Á÷À§¸¦ ä¿ì´Â ´ç½ÅÀÌ ±× Á÷À§¸¦ Â÷ÁöÇÑ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ³Ê¹«
Àß ¾Ë°í ÀÖÀ¸¸ç,
±×°ÍÀº »ç¶÷µéÀÇ ÇູÀ» À§Çؼ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ
»îÀÇ Á¶Á÷À» À¯ÁöÇϱâ À§ÇÑ ÀÌŸÀûÀÎ ¸ñÀûÀº °áÄÚ
¾Æ´Ï¸ç,
´Ü¼øÈ÷ ´ç½Å ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ÀÌÀ͵é·Î¼,
´ç½Å ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ
Ž¿å,
Ç㿵,
¾ß¿å,
³ªÅÂÇÔ,
ºñ°ÌÇÔÀ» ¸¸Á·½Ã۱â À§ÇÑ
°ÍÀÌ´Ù.
¸¸ÀÏ ´ç½ÅÀÌ ±× ÁöÀ§¸¦ ¹Ù¶óÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù¸é,
´ç½ÅÀº ±×°ÍÀ» º¸À¯Çϱâ À§Çؼ ÃÖ¼±À» ´ÙÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ»
°ÍÀÌ´Ù.
´ç½ÅÀÇ ÁöÀ§¸¦ º¸À¯ÇÏ·Á°í ²÷ÀÓ¾øÀÌ ÀúÁö¸£´Â
ÀÜÀÎÇÏ°í ¹è¹ÝÀûÀ̸ç,
ºñõÇÑ ÇàÀ§µéÀ» ¹üÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ»
ÁßÁöÇÏ´Â ½ÇÇèÀ» ½ÃµµÇغ¸¶ó,
±×·¯¸é ´ç½ÅÀº ±×°ÍÀ»
´çÀå¿¡ ÀÒÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
Á¤ºÎÀÇ °ü¸®·Î¼,
°ÅÁþ¸»À»
Æ÷±âÇϰí,
±×¸®°í óÇüµé,
Æø·Â ÇàÀ§µé¿¡ Âü¿©ÇÔÀ»
°ÅºÎÇÏ´Â ´Ü¼øÇÑ ½ÇÇèÀ» ÇØº¸¶ó;
¼ºÁ÷Àڷμ ±â¸¸À»
Æ÷±âÇϰí;
º´»ç·Î¼,
»ìÀÎÀ» Æ÷±âÇϰí;
ÁöÁÖ³ª
Á¦Á¶¾÷Àڷμ »ç±â¿Í Æø·ÂÀ¸·Î ´ç½ÅÀÇ Àç»êÀ» Áö۱⸦
Æ÷±âÇØº¸¶ó;
±×·¯¸é ´ç½ÅÀº ´çÀå¿¡ ´ç½Å¿¡°Ô °¿äµÈ
üÇϸç,
´ç½Å¿¡°Ô ÁüÀÌ µÇ´Â °Íó·³ º¸ÀÌ´Â ±× ÁöÀ§¸¦
ÀÒÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. |
|
A man cannot be placed against his will in a situation opposed to his
conscience. |
»ç¶÷Àº ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ¾ç½É¿¡ ¾î±ß³ª´Â »óȲ¿¡ ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ
ÀÇÁö¿¡ ´ëÄ¡µÇ¾î ¼ ÀÖÀ» ¼ö ¾ø´Ù. |
|
If you find yourself in such a position it is not because it is
necessary to anyone whatever, but simply because you wish it. And
therefore knowing that your position is re¡©pugnant to your heart and your
head, and to your faith, and even to the science in which you believe, you
cannot help reflecting upon the question whether in retaining it, and
above all trying to justify it, you are doing what you ought to do. |
¸¸ÀÏ ´ç½ÅÀÌ ±×·¯ÇÑ ÁöÀ§¿¡ ÀÖ´Ù¸é,
±×°ÍÀº ¾î´À
´©±º°¡¿¡°Ô ÇÊ¿äÇØ¼°¡ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó,
´Ü¼øÈ÷ ´ç½ÅÀÌ ±×°ÍÀ»
¿øÇϱ⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù.
±×¸®°í ±×·¯¹Ç·Î ´ç½ÅÀÇ ÁöÀ§°¡
´ç½ÅÀÇ °¡½¿°ú ¸Ó¸®¿¡,
±×¸®°í ´ç½ÅÀÇ ½Å¾Ó¿¡,
±×¸®°í
½ÉÁö¾î ´ç½ÅÀÌ ¹Ï´Â °úÇп¡ Àû´ëÀûÀ̶ó´Â °ÍÀ» ¾Ë°í
ÀÖÀ½À¸·Î½á,
´ç½ÅÀº ±×°ÍÀ» Áö´Ï°í ÀÖÀ½¿¡,
±×¸®°í
¹«¾ùº¸´Ùµµ ±×°ÍÀ» Á¤´çÈ ÇÔ¿¡¼,
´ç½ÅÀÌ ÇàÇØ¾ß ÇÏ´Â
°ÍÀ» ÇàÇϰí ÀÖ´ÂÁö¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Àǹ®À» »ý°¢ÇØ º¸Áö ¾ÊÀ» ¼ö
¾ø´Ù. |
|
You might risk making a mistake if you had time to see and retrieve
your fault, and if you ran the risk for some¡©thing of some value. But
when you know beyond all doubt that you may disappear any minute, without
the least possi¡©bility either for yourself or those you draw after you
into your error, of retrieving the mistake, when you know that whatever
you may do in the external organization of life it will all disappear as
quickly and surely as you will yourself, and will leave no trace behind,
it is clear that you have no reasonable ground for running the risk of
such a fearful mistake. |
¸¸ÀÏ ´ç½ÅÀÌ ´ç½ÅÀÇ À߸øÀ» ±ú´Ý°í ¸¸È¸ÇÒ ½Ã°£ÀÌ
ÀÖ´Ù¸é,
±×¸®°í ¸¸ÀÏ ´ç½ÅÀÌ ¾î¶² °¡Ä¡¸¦ Áö´Ñ ¾î¶²
°ÍÀ» À§ÇØ À§ÇèÀ» °¨¼öÇÑ´Ù¸é,
´ç½ÅÀº ½Ç¼ö¸¦ ÀúÁö¸£´Â
¸ðÇèÀ» ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
±×·¯³ª ÀǽÉÇÒ ¿©Áö ¾øÀÌ ´ç½Å
ÀÚ½ÅÀ̳ª ´ç½ÅÀ» ¿À·ù·Î ²ø°í °¡´Â »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô³ª
À߸øÀ» ¸¸È¸ÇÒ ÃÖ¼ÒÇÑÀÇ °¡´É¼ºÀÌ ¾øÀÌ,
´ç½ÅÀÌ ºÒ½Ã¿¡
»ç¶óÁú °ÍÀÓÀ» ¾Ë ¶§,
±×¸®°í »îÀÇ ¿ÜÀûÀÎ Á¶Á÷¿¡¼
´ç½ÅÀÌ ¹«¾ùÀ» ÇϵçÁö ±×°ÍµéÀÌ ¸ðµÎ ´ç½Å ÀڽŸ¸Å
»¡¸® ±×¸®°í È®½ÇÈ÷ »ç¶óÁö°í,
µÚ¿¡ ¾Æ¹«·± ÈçÀûÀ»
³²±âÁö ¾ÊÀ» °ÍÀÓÀ» ¾Ë ¶§,
´ç½ÅÀº ±×·¯ÇÑ ¹«¼¿î
À߸ø¿¡ ¸ðÇèÀ» °É ¾Æ¹«·± ÇÕ´çÇÑ ÀÌÀ¯¸¦ °®Áö ¸øÇÔÀÌ
ºÐ¸íÇÏ´Ù. |
|
It would be perfectly simple and clear if you did not by your hypocrisy
disguise the truth which has so unmistakably been revealed to us. |
¸¸ÀÏ ¿ì¸®¿¡°Ô ±×Åä·Ï ¸í¹éÈ÷ ¹àÇôÁø Áø¸®¸¦ ´ç½ÅÀÇ
À§¼±À¸·Î À§ÀåÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù¸é,
±×°ÍÀº ¿Ïº®ÇÏ°Ô ´Ü¼øÇÒ
°ÍÀÌ´Ù. |
|
Share all that you have with others, do not heap up riches, do not
steal, do not cause suffering, do not kill, do not unto others what you
would not they should do unto you, all that has been said not eighteen
hundred, but five thousand years ago, and there could be no doubt of the
truth of this law if it were not for hypocrisy. Except for hypoc¡©risy men
could not have failed, if not to put the law in prac¡©tice, at least to
recognize it, and admit that it is wrong not to put it in practice. |
´ç½ÅÀÌ °¡Áø ¸ðµç °ÍÀ» ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µé°ú ³ª´©¶ó,
Àç¹°À»
½×¾Æ µÎÁö ¸»¶ó,
µµµÏÁú ÇÏÁö ¸»¶ó,
°íÅëÀ» ÁÖÁö ¸»¶ó,
»ìÀÎÇÏÁö ¸»¶ó,
±×µéÀÌ ´ç½Å¿¡°Ô ÇàÇÏÁö ¾Ê±â¸¦ ¹Ù¶ó´Â
°ÍÀº ´ç½Åµµ ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô ÇàÇÏÁö ¸»¶ó,
ÀÌ ¸ðµç
°ÍÀº 1800³â ÀüÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó 5000³â Àü¿¡ ¸»ÇÑ °ÍÀÌ´Ù,
±×¸®°í
À§¼±ÀÌ ¾ø¾ú´Ù¸é,
ÀÌ À²¹ýÀÇ Áø¸®¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀÇȤÀ» ÀÖÀ»
¼ö ¾øÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
À§¼±ÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó¸é,
»ç¶÷µéÀº,
À²¹ýÀ»
½ÇÇà¿¡ ¿Å±èÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï´õ¶óµµ,
Àû¾îµµ ±×°ÍÀ» ÀνÄÇϰí,
±×°ÍÀ» ½ÇÇà¿¡ ¿Å±â±â ¾Ê´Â °ÍÀº À߸øÀ̶õ °ÍÀ»
ÀÎÁ¤ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» ¼ö ¾ø¾úÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. |
|
But you will say that there is the public good to be con¡©sidered, and
that on that account one must not and ought not to conform to these
principles; for the public good one may commit acts of violence and
murder. It is better for one man to die than that the whole people perish,
you will say like Caiaphas, and you sign the sentence of death of one man,
of a second, and a third; you load your gun against this man who is to
perish for the public good, you imprison him, you take his possessions.
You say that you commit these acts of cruelty because you are a part of
the society and of the state; that it is your duty to serve them, and as
landowner, judge, emperor, or soldier to conform to their laws. But
besides belonging to the state and having duties created by that position,
you belong also to eternity and to God, who also lays duties upon you. And
just as your duties to your family and to society are subordinate to your
superior duties to the state, in the same way the latter must necessarily
be subordinated to the duties dictated to you by the eternal life and by
God. And just as it would be senseless to pull up the telegraph posts for
fuel for a family or society and thus to increase its welfare at the
expense of public interests, in the same way it is senseless to do
violence, to execute, and to murder to increase the welfare of the nation,
because that is at the expense of the interests of humanity. |
±×·¯³ª ´ç½ÅÀº ¸»ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù,
Áï,
°í·ÁµÇ¾î¾ß ÇÒ
°ø°øÀÇ ¼±ÀÌ ÀÖÀ¸¸ç,
±×·± ÀÌÀ¯·Î¼ ÀÌ·± ¿ø¸®µéÀ»
µû¸£¸é ¾ÈµÇ¸ç,
´ç¿¬È÷ µû¸£Áö ¸»¾Æ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù;
¿Ö³ÄÇϸé,
°ø°øÀÇ ¼±À» À§Çؼ ¿ì¸®´Â Æø·Â ÇàÀ§µé°ú »ìÀÎÀ»
ÀúÁú·¯¾ß Çϱ⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù.
Àüü »ç¶÷µéÀÌ ¸ê¸ÁÇÏ´À´Ï ÇÑ
»ç¶÷ÀÌ Á×´Â °ÍÀÌ ³´´Ù,
´ç½ÅÀº °¡¾ß¹Ùó·³ ¸»ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù,
±×¸®°í ±× ÇÑ »ç¶÷,
´ÙÀ½ »ç¶÷,
¼¼ ¹øÂ° »ç¶÷ÀÇ »çÇü
¼±°í¿¡ ¼¸íÀ» ÇÑ´Ù;
´ç½ÅÀº °ø°øÀÇ ¼±À» À§Çؼ Á×¾î¾ß
ÇÒ ÀÌ »ç¶÷À» ÇâÇØ ´ç½ÅÀÇ ÃÑÀ» ÀåÀüÇϰí,
±×¸¦
Åõ¿ÁÇϸç,
±×ÀÇ Àç»êÀ» »©¾Ñ´Â´Ù.
´ç½ÅÀº ´ç½ÅÀÌ »çȸ¿Í
±¹°¡ÀÇ ÀÏ¿øÀ̱⠶§¹®¿¡ ÀÌ·± ÀÜÇÐ ÇàÀ§µéÀ»
ÀúÁö¸¥´Ù°í ¸»ÇÑ´Ù;
±×°Íµé¿¡ ºÀ»çÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ±×¸®°í
ÁöÁÖ,
¹ý°ü,
ȲÁ¦,
¶Ç´Â º´»ç·Î¼ ±×µéÀÇ ¹ý·üÀ» µû¸£´Â
°ÍÀÌ ´ç½ÅÀÇ Àǹ«¶ó°í ¸»ÇÑ´Ù.
±×·¯³ª ±¹°¡¿¡ ¼ÓÇϰí
±×·± ÁöÀ§¿¡ ÀÇÇØ¼ ¸¸µé¾î Áö´Â Àǹ«µéÀ» °¡Áú »Ó¸¸
¾Æ´Ï¶ó,
´ç½ÅÀº ¶ÇÇÑ ¿µ¿øÇÔ°ú Çϳª´Ô²² ¼ÓÇØÀÖÀ¸¸ç,
Çϳª´Ô ¶ÇÇÑ ´ç½Å¿¡°Ô Àǹ«µéÀ» ³»¸°´Ù.
±×¸®°í ´ç½ÅÀÇ
°¡Á·°ú »çȸ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Àǹ«µéÀÌ ±¹°¡¿¡ ´ëÇÑ »óÀ§ÀÇ
Àǹ«µé¿¡ Á¾¼ÓµÇ´Â °Íó·³,
¶È °°Àº ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î ÈÄÀÚ´Â
¹Ýµå½Ã ÇÊ¿¬ÀûÀ¸·Î ¿µ¿øÇÑ »î°ú Çϳª´Ô¿¡ ÀÇÇØ¼
´ç½Å¿¡°Ô Áö½ÃµÈ Àǹ«µé¿¡ Á¾¼ÓµÈ´Ù.
±×¸®°í ÀüÁÖ¸¦
»Ì¾Æ¼ °¡Á·À̳ª »çȸÀÇ ¿¬·á·Î »ç¿ëÇÏ¸ç ±×·¡¼
°øÀÍÀ» Èñ»ýÇÏ¸é¼ ±× º¹Áö¸¦ Çâ»ó½ÃÅ´ÀÌ ¹«Áö¸·ÁöÇÑ
°Íó·³,
¶È °°Àº ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î,
±¹°¡ÀÇ º¹Áö¸¦ Çâ»ó½Ã۱â
À§ÇÏ¿© Æø·ÂÀ» ÇàÇϰí,
óÇüÇϸç,
»ìÀÎÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº
¹«Áö¸·ÁöÇÑ ÀÏÀÌ´Ù,
¿Ö³ÄÇϸé,
±×°ÍÀº ÀηùÀÇ ÀÌÀÍÀ»
Èñ»ýÇÔÀ̱⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. |
|
Your duties as a citizen cannot but be subordinated to the superior
obligations of the eternal life of God, and can¡©not be in opposition to
them. As Christ's disciples said eighteen centuries ago: "Whether it
be right in the sight of God to hearken unto you more than unto God, judge
ye" (Acts iv. 19); and, "We ought to obey God rather than men" (Acts
v. 29). |
´ç½ÅÀÇ ½Ã¹ÎÀ¸·Î¼ÀÇ Àǹ«µéÀº Çϳª´ÔÀÇ ¿µ»ý¿¡ ´ëÇÑ
¿ì¿ùÇÑ ¸í·Éµé¿¡ Á¾¼ÓµÇÁö ¾ÊÀ» ¼ö ¾ø´Ù,
±×¸®°í
±×°Íµé¿¡ ´ëÄ¡µÇ¾î¼´Â ¾È µÈ´Ù. 1800³â Àü¿¡ ±×¸®½ºµµÀÇ
Á¦Àڵ鵵 ¸»Çß´Ù: ¡°Çϳª´Ô ¾Õ¿¡¼ ³ÊÈñ ¸» µè´Â °ÍÀÌ
Çϳª´Ô ¸»¾¸ µè´Â °Íº¸´Ù ¿ÇÀº°¡ ÆÇ´ÜÇ϶ó.¡±(»çµµÇàÀü
4Àå 19Àý);
±×¸®°í, ¡°»ç¶÷º¸´Ù Çϳª´ÔÀ» ¼øÁ¾ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ
¸¶¶¥Çϴ϶ó.¡± (»çµµÇàÀü 5Àå
29Àý). |
|
It is asserted that, in order that the unstable order of things,
established in one corner of the world for a few men, may not be
destroyed, you ought to commit acts of violence which destroy the eternal
and immutable order established by God and by reason. Can that possibly
be? |
¼Ò¼öÀÇ »ç¶÷µé¿¡ ÀÇÇØ¼ ¼¼»óÀÇ ÇÑ ±¸¼®¿¡ ¼¼¿öÁø,
ºÒ¾ÈÀüÇÑ Ã¼Á¦ÀÇ Áú¼°¡ ÆÄ±«µÇÁö ¾Êµµ·Ï Çϱâ À§Çؼ,
´ç½ÅÀº Çϳª´Ô°ú À̼º¿¡ ÀÇÇØ¼ ¼¼¿öÁø ¿µ¿øÇϸç
ºÒº¯ÀÇ Áú¼¸¦ ÆÄ±«ÇÏ´Â Æø·Â ÇàÀ§µéÀ» ÀúÁú·¯¾ß
ÇÑ´Ù°í ÁÖÀåÇÑ´Ù.
±×°ÍÀÌ ¼³¸¶ °¡´ÉÇÑ ÀÏÀΰ¡? |
|
And therefore you cannot but reflect on your position as landowner,
manufacturer, judge, emperor, president, minis¡©ter, priest, and soldier,
which is bound up with violence, deception, and murder, and recognize its
unlawfulness. |
±×¸®°í ±×·¯¹Ç·Î ÁöÁÖ,
Á¦Á¶¾÷ÀÚ,
¹ý°ü,
ȲÁ¦,
´ëÅë·É,
Àå°ü,
¼ºÁ÷ÀÚ,
±×¸®°í º´»ç·Î¼ÀÇ ´ç½ÅÀÇ ÁöÀ§¿¡ ´ëÇØ
»ó°íÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» ¼ö ¾ø°í,
±×°ÍÀº Æø·Â,
±â¸¸,
±×¸®°í
»ìÀÎÀ¸·Î Á¡Ã¶µÇ¾î ÀÖÀ¸¸ç,
±×°ÍÀÇ ºÒ¹ý¼ºÀ» ÀνÄÇÏÁö
¾ÊÀ» ¼ö ¾ø´Ù. |
|
I do not say that if you are a landowner you are bound to give up your
lands immediately to the poor; if a capital¡©ist or manufacturer, your
money to your workpeople; or that if you are Tzar, minister, official,
judge, or general, you are bound to renounce immediately the advantages of
your position; or if a soldier, on whom all the system of violence is
based, to refuse immediately to obey in spite of all the dangers of
insubordination. |
³ª´Â ¸¸ÀÏ ´ç½ÅÀÌ ÁöÁÖ¶ó¸é Áï½Ã ´ç½ÅÀÇ ÅäÁöµéÀ»
°¡³ÇÑ »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô ¾çµµÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù°í ¸»ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù;
¸¸ÀÏ ÀÚº»°¡³ª Á¦Á¶¾÷ÀÚ¶ó¸é,
´ç½ÅÀÇ µ·À» ´ç½ÅÀÇ
³ëµ¿Àڵ鿡°Ô;
¶Ç´Â ´ç½ÅÀÌ È²Á¦,
Àå°ü,
°ü¸®,
¹ý°ü,
¶Ç´Â À屺À̶ó¸é,
´ç½ÅÀÇ ÁöÀ§ÀÇ ÀÌÁ¡µéÀ» Áï°¢
Æ÷±âÇØ¾ß ÇѴٰųª;
¶Ç´Â ¸ðµç Æø·Â üÁ¦°¡ ±âÃÊ·Î ÇÏ´Â
º´»ç¶ó¸é,
ºÒº¹Á¾¿¡ µû¸¥ ¸ðµç À§Çèµé¿¡µµ ºÒ±¸Çϰí
Áï°¢ÀûÀ¸·Î º¹Á¾Çϱ⸦ °ÅºÎÇ϶ó°í ¸»ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. |
|
If you do so, you will be doing the best thing possible. But it may
happen, and it is most likely, that you will not have the strength to do
so. You have relations, a family, subordinates and superiors; you are
under an influence so powerful that you cannot shake it off; but you can
always recognize the truth and refuse to tell a lie about it. You need not
declare that you are remaining a landowner, manu¡©facturer, merchant,
artist, or writer because it is useful to mankind; that you are governor,
prosecutor, or tzar, not because it is agreeable to you, because you are
used to it, but for the public good; that you continue to be a soldier,
not from fear of punishment, but because you consider the army necessary
to society. You can always avoid lying in this way to yourself and to
others, and you ought to do so; because the one aim of your life ought to
be to purify your¡©self from falsehood and to confess the truth. And you
need only do that and your situation will change directly of itself. |
¸¸ÀÏ ´ç½ÅÀÌ ±×·¸°Ô ÇàÇÑ´Ù¸é,
´ç½ÅÀº °¡´ÉÇÑ °¡Àå
ÈǸ¢ÇÑ ÀÏÀ» Çϰí ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
±×·¯³ª ´ç½ÅÀº ±×·¸°Ô
ÇàÇÒ ÈûÀ» °¡ÁöÁö ¾Ê¾ÒÀ» Áöµµ,
±×·² °¡´É¼ºÀÌ Â£À»Áöµµ
¸ð¸¥´Ù.
´ç½ÅÀº ģôµé,
°¡Á·,
ºÎÇϵé,
»ó»çµéÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù;
´ç½ÅÀÌ ³Ê¹«³ª °·ÂÇÑ ¿µÇ⠾Ʒ¡¿¡ ÀÖ¾î¼ ±×°ÍÀ»
¶³ÃĹö¸± ¼ö°¡ ¾ø´Ù;
±×·¯³ª ´ç½ÅÀº ¾ðÁ¦³ª Áø¸®¸¦
ÀνÄÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¸ç,
±×°Í¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °ÅÁþ¸»À» ÇÒ °ÍÀ»
°ÅºÎÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
Àηù¿¡°Ô À¯¿ëÇϱ⠶§¹®¿¡,
ÁöÁÖ,
Á¦Á¶¾÷ÀÚ,
»óÀÎ,
¿¹¼ú°¡,
¶Ç´Â ÀÛ°¡·Î ÀÖ°Ú´Ù°í ¾ð¸íÇÒ
¼ö´Â ¾ø´Ù;
´ç½Å¿¡°Ô ÀûÇÕÇϰí,
Àͼ÷Çϱ⠶§¹®ÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó,
°ø°øÀÇ ¼±À» À§Çؼ,
Ãѵ¶,
°Ë»ç,
¶Ç´Â ȲÁ¦¶ó°í ÇØ¼´Â
¾È µÈ´Ù;
´ç½ÅÀº °è¼ÓÇØ¼ º´»çÀÏ ¼ö°¡ ÀÖÁö¸¸,
ó¹úÀÌ
µÎ·Á¿ö¼°¡ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó,
±º´ë°¡ »çȸ¿¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù°í ¿©±â±â
¶§¹®À̶ó°í ÁÖÀåÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù.
´ç½ÅÀº ¾ðÁ¦³ª ÀÌ·±
¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î Àڽſ¡°Ô³ª ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô °ÅÁþ¸»ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ»
ÇÇÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù;
¿Ö³ÄÇÏ¸é ´ç½ÅÀÇ »îÀÇ ÇѰ¡Áö ¸ñÀûÀº
ÀÚ½ÅÀ» °ÅÁþÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ±ú²ýÀÌ ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ̸ç,
Áø¸®¸¦
°í¹éÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ̱⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù.
±×¸®°í ´ç½ÅÀº ¿ÀÁ÷
±×°Í¸¸À» ÇàÇÏ¸é µÇ°í,
±×·¯¸é ´ç½ÅÀÇ »óȲÀº Á÷Á¢
ÀúÀý·Î º¯ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. |
|
There is one thing, and only one thing, in which it is granted to you
to be free in life, all else being beyond your power: that is to recognize
and profess the truth. |
ÇÑ °¡Áö,
¿ÀÁ÷ ÇÑ °¡Áö°¡ ÀÖÀ¸´Ï ±×°Í ¾È¿¡¼ »î¿¡
´ëÇÑ ÀÚÀ¯·Î¿òÀÌ ´ç½Å¿¡°Ô Çã¶ôµÇ¸ç,
±× ¿Ü¿¡ ¸ðµç °ÍÀº
´ç½ÅÀÇ ±ÇÇÑ ¹Û¿¡ ÀÖ´Ù:
±×°ÍÀº Áø¸®¸¦ ÀνÄÇϰí
°í¹éÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. |
|
And yet simply from the fact that other men as misguided and as pitiful
creatures as yourself have made you soldier, tzar, landowner, capitalist,
priest, or general, you under¡©take to commit acts of violence obviously
opposed to your reason and your heart, to base your existence on the
misfor¡©tunes of others, and above all, instead of filling the one duty of
your life, recognizing and professing the truth, you feign not to
recognize it and disguise it from yourself and others. |
±×¸®°í ÇÏÁö¸¸ ´Ü¼øÈ÷,
´ç½Åó·³ À߸ø ÀεµµÇ°í
°¡·ÃÇÑ ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µéÀÌ ´ç½ÅÀ» º´»ç,
ȲÁ¦,
ÁöÁÖ,
ÀÚº»°¡,
¼ºÁ÷ÀÚ,
¶Ç´Â À屺À¸·Î ÀÓ¸íÇÏ¿´´Ù´Â »ç½Ç·ÎºÎÅÍ,
´ç½ÅÀº ´ç½ÅÀÇ À̼º°ú ¸¶À½¿¡ ¸í¹éÈ÷ ´ëÄ¡µÇ´Â Æø·Â
ÇàÀ§µéÀ» ÀúÁö¸¦ Àǹ«¸¦ Áö¸ç,
´ç½ÅÀÇ Á¸À縦 ´Ù¸¥
»ç¶÷µéÀÇ ºÒÇàÀ§¿¡ µÎ¸ç,
±×¸®°í,
¹«¾ùº¸´Ùµµ,
´ç½ÅÀÇ
»îÀÇ ÇѰ¡Áö Àǹ«¸¦ ´ÙÇϰí Áø¸®¸¦ ÀνÄÇÏ°í °í¹éÇÏ´Â
´ë½Å¿¡,
´ç½ÅÀº ±×°ÍÀ» ÀνÄÇÏÁö ¸øÇÑ Ã´Çϸç,
ÀڽŰú
´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô ±×°ÍÀ» ¼û±ä´Ù. |
|
And what are the conditions in which you are doing this? You who may
die any instant, you sign sentences of death, you declare war, you take
part in it, you judge, you punish, you plunder the working people, you
live luxuriously in the midst of the poor, and teach weak men who have
confidence in you that this must be so, that the duty of men is to do
this, and yet it may happen at the moment when you are acting thus that a
bacterium or a bull may attack you and you will fall and die, losing
forever the chance of repairing the harm you have done to others, and
above all to yourself, in uselessly wasting a life which has been given
you only once in eternity, without having accomplished the only thing you
ought to have done. |
±×¸®°í ´ç½ÅÀÌ ÀÌ·± ÀÏÀ» ÇàÇϰí ÀÖ´Â »óŵéÀº
¾î¶°ÇѰ¡?
¾ðÁ¦ Á×À»Áö ¸ð¸£´Â ´ç½ÅÀº,
´ç½ÅÀº »çÇü
¼±°í¿¡ ¼¸íÇϰí,
ÀüÀïÀ» ¼±Æ÷Çϸç,
±×°Í¿¡ Âü°¡Çϸç,
´ç½ÅÀº ÆÇ°áÀ» ³»¸®°í,
´ç½ÅÀº ó¹úÇÑ´Ù,
´ç½ÅÀº
³ëµ¿ÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷µéÀ» ¾àÅ»ÇÑ´Ù,
´ç½ÅÀº °¡³ÇÑ »ç¶÷µé
°¡¿îµ¥¼ ȣȽº·´°Ô »ê´Ù,
±×¸®°í ´ç½Å¿¡°Ô ½Å·Ú¸¦
°¡Áö´Â ¿¬¾àÇÑ »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô À̰ÍÀÌ ¹Ýµå½Ã ±×·¸°Ô
µÇ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù°í °¡¸£Ä¡Áö¸¸,
´ç½ÅÀÌ ÀÌ·¸°Ô ÇൿÇϰí
ÀÖ´Â ¼ø°£¿¡ ¹ÚÅ׸®¾Æ³ª Ȳ¼Ò°¡ ´ç½ÅÀ» °ø°ÝÇÏ¿©
³Ñ¾îÁö°í Á×´Â ÀÏÀÌ ¹ú¾îÁúÁöµµ ¸ð¸£¸ç,
±×·¸°Ô ÇØ¼
¿µ¿øÈ÷ ´ç½ÅÀÌ ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô ³¢Ä£ ÇØ¾ÇÀ» µÇµ¹¸±
±âȸÁ¶Â÷ ÀÒ¾î¹ö¸®°í,
¿µ¿ø¿¡¼ ¿ÀÁ÷ ÇÑ ¹ø¸¸ ´ç½Å¿¡°Ô
ÁÖ¾îÁø »îÀ» ¹«ÀÍÇÏ°Ô ÇãºñÇÑ °á°ú·Î ´ç½ÅÀÌ ÇàÇß¾î¾ß
¶ö À¯ÀÏÇÑ ÀÏÀ» ¼ºÃëÇÏÁö ¸øÇÏ°Ô µÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. |
|
However commonplace and out of date it may seem to us, however confused
we may be by hypocrisy and by the hypnotic suggestion which results from
it, nothing can destroy the certainty of this simple and clearly defined
truth. No external conditions can guarantee our life, which is attended
with inevitable sufferings and infallibly terminated by death, and which
consequently can have no significance except in the constant
accomplishment of what is demanded by the Power which has placed us in
life with a sole certain guide-the rational conscience. |
±×°ÍÀÌ ¿ì¸®¿¡°Ô ¾Æ¹«¸® ÁøºÎÇÏ°í ½Ã´ë¿¡ µÚ¶³¾îÁ®
º¸ÀÌ´õ¶óµµ,
±×·ÎºÎÅÍ ÃÊ·¡µÇ´Â À§¼±°ú ÃÖ¸éÀûÀÎ
¾Ï½Ã¿¡ ÀÇÇØ¼ ¿ì¸®°¡ ¾Æ¹«¸® È¥¶õ¿¡ ºüÁö´õ¶óµµ,
±×
¾Æ¹«°Íµµ ÀÌ·± ´Ü¼øÇÏ°í ¸í·áÇÏ°Ô Á¤ÀÇµÈ Áø¸®ÀÇ
È®½Ç¼ºÀ» ÆÄ±«ÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù.
¾î¶² ¿ÜÀûÀÎ Á¶°Çµéµµ ¿ì¸®ÀÇ
»îÀ» º¸ÀåÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ¸¸ç,
»îÀº ÇÇÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Â °íÅëµéÀ»
µ¿¹ÝÇϸç,
¿©Áö ¾øÀÌ Á×À½À¸·Î Á¾¸»À» ¸ÂÀÌÇϸç,
±×°ÍÀº
°á±¹ ¿ì¸®¸¦ À¯ÀÏÇÏ°Ô È®½ÇÇÑ Áöħ-À̼ºÀûÀÎ ¾ç½É-À¸·Î¼
»îÀ¸·Î µ¥·Á´Ù ³õÀº ±Ç´ÉÀÌ ¿ä±¸ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» ºÎ´ÜÈ÷
¼ºÃëÇÔ ¿Ü¿¡´Â ¾Æ¹«·± Àǹ̸¦ Áö´Ò ¼ö ¾ø´Ù. |
|
That is why that Power cannot require of us what is irra¡©tional and
impossible: the organization of our temporary external life, the life of
society or of the state. That Power demands of us only what is reasonable,
certain, and possi¡©ble: to serve the kingdom of God, that is, to
contribute to the establishment of the greatest possible union between all
living beings-a union possible only in the truth; and to recognize and to
profess the revealed truth, which is always in our power. |
±×°ÍÀÌ ¹Ù·Î ±Ç´ÉÀÌ ºñÀ̼ºÀûÀÌ¸ç ºÒ°¡´ÉÇÑ °Í-
¿ì¸®ÀÇ ¼¼¼ÓÀûÀÎ ¿ÜÀûÀÎ »îÀÇ Á¶Á÷,
»çȸÀÇ ¶Ç´Â ±¹°¡ÀÇ
»î-À» ¿ì¸®¿¡°Ô¼ ¿ä±¸ÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Â ÀÌÀ¯ÀÌ´Ù.
±× ±Ç´ÉÀº
¿ì¸®¿¡°Ô ¿ÀÁ÷ À̼ºÀûÀ̸ç,
È®½ÇÇϸç,
°¡´ÉÇÑ °ÍÀ»
¿ä±¸ÇÑ´Ù:
Çϳª´ÔÀÇ ¿Õ±¹À» ¼¶±â¸ç,
Áï,
¸ðµç »ì¾Æ ÀÖ´Â
Á¸ÀçµéÀÇ °¡´ÉÇÑ ÃÖ´ëÀÇ ÈÇÕÀÇ È®¸³¿¡ ±â¿©ÇÏ´Â °Í-¿ÀÁ÷
Áø½Ç ¾È¿¡¼¸¸ °¡´ÉÇÑ ÈÇÕ;
±×¸®°í ¹àÇôÁø Áø¸®¸¦
ÀνÄÇÏ°í °í¹éÇÏ´Â °Í,
±×°ÍÀº ¾ðÁ¦³ª ¿ì¸®ÀÇ ±Ç´É ¾È¿¡
ÀÖ´Ù. |
|
"But seek ye first the kingdom of God, and his righteous¡©ness, and
all these things shall be added unto you." (Matt. vi. 33.) |
¡°±×·¯³ª ³ÊÈñ´Â ¸ÕÀú Çϳª´ÔÀÇ ¿Õ±¹°ú ±×ÀÇ ÀǸ¦
±¸Ç϶ó ±×¸®Çϸé ÀÌ ¸ðµç °ÍÀ» ³ÊÈñ¿¡°Ô ´õÇϽø®¶ó.¡±
(¸¶Åº¹À½ 6Àå 33Àý.) |
|
The sole meaning of life is to serve humanity by con¡©tributing to the
establishment of the kingdom of God, which can only be done by the
recognition and profession of the truth by every man. |
»îÀÇ À¯ÀÏÇÑ Àǹ̴ Çϳª´ÔÀÇ ¿Õ±¹ÀÇ È®¸³¿¡
±â¿©ÇÏ¸é¼ Àηù¿¡°Ô ºÀ»çÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ̸ç,
±×°ÍÀº ¿ÀÁ÷
¸ðµç »ç¶÷µé¿¡ ÀÇÇØ¼ Áø¸®¸¦ ÀνÄÇÔ°ú °í¹éÇÔ¿¡
ÀÇÇØ¼ ÀÌ·ç¾î Áú ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. |
|
"The kingdom of God cometh not with outward show; neither shall they
say, Lo here! or, Lo there! for behold, the kingdom of God is within
you." (Luke xvii. 20, 21.) |
¡°Çϳª´ÔÀÇ ³ª¶ó´Â º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ°Ô ÀÓÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¿ä;
¶Ç ¿©±â ÀÖ´Ù Àú±â ÀÖ´Ù°íµµ ¸øÇϸ®´Ï Çϳª´ÔÀÇ ³ª¶ó´Â
³ÊÈñ ¾È¿¡ ÀÖ´À´Ï¶ó.¡± (´©°¡º¹À½
15Àå 20, 21Àý.) |
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¡¡ |
¡¡ |
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THE END. |
³¡. |
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¡¡
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¡¡
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