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I was baptized and brought up in the
Orthodox Christian faith. I was taught it in childhood and throughout my
boyhood and youth. But when I abandoned the second course of the
university at the age of eighteen I no longer believed any of the things I
had been taught. |
³ª´Â Á¤Å뱳ȸÀÇ ½Å¾Ó¾Æ·¡¼ ¼¼·Ê¸¦ ¹Þ°í
¾çÀ°µÇ¾ú´Ù. ³ª´Â À¯³â±â¿¡ ±×¸®°í ¼Ò³â±â¿Í û³â±â¸¦
ÅëÆ²¾î¼ ±×·± ½Å¾ÓÀ» ±³À° ¹Þ¾Ò´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ³»°¡ ¿
¿©´üÀÇ ³ªÀÌ¿¡ ´ëÇÐ À̳â° °úÁ¤À» Æ÷±âÇÏ¿´À» ¶§ ³ª´Â
³»°¡ ±³À° ¹Þ¾Æ ¿Â ¾î´À °Íµµ ´õ ÀÌ»ó ¹ÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. |
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Judging by certain memories, I never
seriously believed them, but had merely relied on what I was taught and on
what was professed by the grown-up people around me, and that reliance was
very unstable. |
³²¾Æ ÀÖ´Â ±â¾ïÀ¸·Î ÆÇ´ÜÇØº¸¸é, °áÄÚ ±×°ÍµéÀ»
½É°¢ÇÏ°Ô ¹ÏÀº ÀûÀÌ ¾ø¾ú´Ù, ±×·¯³ª ³»°¡ ±³À° ¹ÞÀº °Í
±×¸®°í ³ªÀÇ ÁÖº¯ÀÇ ¾î¸¥µéÀÌ °í¹éÇÑ °Í¿¡ ´Ü¼øÈ÷
ÀÇÁ¸ÇÏ¿´´Âµ¥, ±×·¯ÇÑ ¹ÏÀ½Àº ¸Å¿ì ºÒ¾ÈÁ¤ÇÏ¿´´Ù. |
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I remember that before I was eleven a
grammar school pupil, Vladimir Milyutin (long since dead), visited us one
Sunday and announced as the latest novelty a discovery made at his school.
This discovery was that there is no God and that all we are taught about
Him is a mere invention (this was in 1838). I remember how interested my
elder brothers were in this information. They called me to their council
and we all, I remember, became very animated, and accepted it as something
very interesting and quite possible. |
³ª´Â ±â¾ïÇØ º»´Ù, ³»°¡ ¿ÇÑ »ìÀÌ µÇ±â Àü¿¡ ÁßÇб³
ÇлýÀÌ´ø ºí¶óµå¹Ì¸£ ¹Ð·ùƾ(Á×Àº Áö ¿À·¡µÊ)ÀÌ ¾î´À
ÀÏ¿äÀÏ ¿ì¸®¸¦ ¹æ¹®ÇÏ¿© °¡Àå ÃÖ½ÅÀÇ »ç°ÇÀ¸·Î¼ ±×ÀÇ
Çб³¿¡¼ ÀÌ·ç¾îÁø ¹ß°ßÀ» ¹ßÇ¥ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ÀÌ ¹ß°ßÀÇ
³»¿ëÀÎÁï, Çϳª´ÔÀº ¾ø´Ù ±×¸®°í ¿ì¸®°¡ Çϳª´Ô¿¡ ´ëÇØ
¹è¿î °ÍÀº ÀüÀûÀ¸·Î Ç㱸¶ó´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù(ÀÌ ¶§°¡ 1838³â).
³ª´Â ³ªÀÇ ÇüÀÌ ÀÌ Á¤º¸¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© ¾ó¸¶³ª Èï¹Ì¸¦ °¡Áö°í
ÀÖ¾ú´ÂÁö ±â¾ïÇÑ´Ù. ±×µéÀº ³ª¸¦ ±×µéÀÇ ¸ðÀÓ¿¡
ºÒ·¶À¸¸ç, ±â¾ïÄÁ´ë, ¿ì¸® ¸ðµÎ´Â ¸Å¿ì ½ÅÀÌ ³µÀ¸¸ç,
±×°ÍÀ» ¹«¾ð°¡ ¸Å¿ì Àç¹ÌÀÖ°í ²Ï ±×·² µíÇÑ °ÍÀ¸·Î
¹Þ¾Æµé¿´´Ù. |
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I remember also that when my elder
brother, Dmitriy, who was then at the university, suddenly, in the
passionate way natural to him, devoted himself to religion and began to
attend all the Church services, to fast and to lead a pure and moral life,
we all-even our elders-unceasingly held him up to ridicule and for some
unknown reason called him "Noah". I remember that Musin-Pushkin, the
then Curator of Kazan University, when inviting us to dance at his home,
ironically persuaded my brother (who was declining the invitation) by the
argument that even David danced before the Ark. I sympathized with these
jokes made by my elders, and drew from them the conclusion that though it
is necessary to learn the catechism and go to church, one must not take
such things too seriously. I remember also that I read Voltaire when I was
very young, and that his raillery, far from shocking me, amused me very
much. |
³ª´Â ¶ÇÇÑ ±â¾ïÇØ º»´Ù, ±× ´ç½Ã ´ëÇп¡ ´Ù´Ï´ø ³ªÀÇ
Çü µå¹ÌÆ®¸®°¡, °©ÀÚ±â, ±×ÀÇ º»¿¬ÀÇ ¿Á¤ÀûÀÎ ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î
Á¾±³¿¡ ½ÉÃëÇÏ´õ´Ï ±Ý½ÄÀ» Çϸç, ¼ø¼öÇÏ°í µµ´öÀûÀÎ
»îÀ» À̲ø¾î °¡¸é¼ ±³È¸ÀÇ ¸ðµç ¿¹¹è¿¡ Âü¼®Çϱâ
½ÃÀÛÇßÀ» ¶§, ¿ì¸® ¸ðµÎ´Â-½ÉÁö¾î ¿ì¸®ÀÇ Çüµé±îÁö-²÷ÀÓ¾øÀÌ
±×¸¦ ºÙµé¾î ¼¼¿ö¼´Â Á¶·ÕÀ» ÇÏ¿´´Ù, ±×¸®°í ¸î °¡Áö
¾Ë ¼ö ¾ø´Â ÀÌÀ¯·Î ±×¸¦ ¡°³ë¾Æ¡±¶ó°í ºÒ·¶´Ù. ³ª´Â
±â¾ïÄÁ´ë, ´ç½Ã Ä«ÀÜ ´ëÇÐÀÇ °£»çÀÌ´ø, ¹«½Å Ǫ½¬Å²ÀÌ,
ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ Áý ¹«µµÈ¸¿¡ ¿ì¸®¸¦ ÃÊ´ëÇÒ ¶§¿¡, ´ÙÀµµ ¹æÁÖ
¾Õ¿¡¼ ÃãÀ» Ãß¾ú´Ù´Â ÁÖÀåÀ¸·Î dzÀڷμ ³ªÀÇ ÇüÀ»(±×´Â
ÃÊûÀ» °ÅÀýÇϰí ÀÖ¾ú´Ù) ¼³µæÇÏ¿´´Ù. ³ª´Â ÇüµéÀÌ
¸¸µé¾î ³½ ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ³ó´ãµé¿¡ °ø°¨À» ÇÏ¿´´Ù, ±×¸®°í
±×·¯ÇÑ °Íµé¿¡¼, ±³¸®¹®´äÀ» ¹è¿ì°í ±³È¸¿¡ Ãâ¼®ÇÏ´Â
°ÍÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÏÁö¸¸, ±×·± °ÍµéÀ» ³Ê¹« ÁøÁöÇϰÔ
¹Þ¾Æµé¿©¼´Â ¾È µÈ´Ù´Â °á·ÐÀ» ³»·È´Ù. ³ª´Â ¶ÇÇÑ
±â¾ïÄÁ´ë, ³ª´Â ¾ÆÁÖ ¾î·ÈÀ» ¶§ º¼Å׸£¸¦ Àоú´Ù ±×¸®°í
±×ÀÇ ¾ßÀ¯°¡, ³ª¿¡°Ô ÀüÇô Ãæ°ÝÀ» ÁÖÁö ¾Ê¾ÒÀ¸¸ç, ³ª¸¦
¸Å¿ì Áñ°Ì°Ô ÇÏ¿´´Ù. |
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My lapse from faith occurred as is usual
among people on our level of education. In most cases, I think, it happens
thus: a man lives like everybody else, on the basis of principles not
merely having nothing in common with religious doctrine, but generally
opposed to it; religious doctrine does not play a part in life, in
intercourse with others it is never encountered, and in a man's own life
he never has to reckon with it. Religious doctrine is professed far away
from life and independently of it. If it is encountered, it is only as an
external phenomenon disconnected from life. |
¿ì¸® ¼öÁØÀÇ ±³À°À» ¹ÞÀº »ç¶÷µé »çÀÌ¿¡¼ ÈçÇÑ
°Íó·³ ³ªÀÇ ½Å¾Ó¿¡¼ÀÇ ÀÏÅ»ÀÌ ÀϾ´Ù. ´ë°³ÀÇ °æ¿ì,
»ý°¢ÄÁ´ë, ±×°ÍÀº ÀÌ·¸°Ô ÀϾÙ: »ç¶÷Àº, ¾î´À
´©±¸³ª ¸¶Âù°¡Áö·Î, Á¾±³Àû ±³¸®¿Í ¾Æ¹«·± °øÅëÁ¡ÀÌ
¾øÀ» »Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, ±×°Í¿¡ ´ëÄ¡µÇ´Â ¿ø¸®¿¡ ±âÃÊÇÏ¿©
»ì¾Æ °£´Ù; Á¾±³ ±³¸®´Â Àλý¿¡¼ ¾Æ¹«·± ¿ªÇÒÀ» ÇÏÁö
¾Ê´Â´Ù, ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µé°úÀÇ ±³Á¦¿¡¼ ±×°ÍÀ» °áÄÚ ¸¸³¯ ¼ö
¾øÀ¸¸ç, ±×¸®°í ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ Àλý¿¡¼ ±×°Í¿¡ °áÄÚ ¿¬¿¬ÇÏÁö
¾Ê¾Æµµ µÈ´Ù. Á¾±³Àû ±³¸®´Â Àλý¿¡¼ ¾ÆÁÖ ¸Ö¸®¼,
±×¸®°í ±×°Í°ú µû·Î ¶³¾îÁ®¼ ¹Ï¾îÁø´Ù. ¸¸ÀÏ ±×°ÍÀ»
¸¸³ª´õ¶óµµ, ±×°ÍÀº ´ÜÁö Àλý¿¡¼ ±«¸®µÈ ¿ÜÀûÀÎ
Çö»óÀÏ »ÓÀÌ´Ù. |
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Then as now, it was and is quite
impossible to judge by a man's life and conduct whether he is a believer
or not. If there be a difference between a man who publicly professes
orthodoxy and one who denies it, the difference is not in favor of the
former. Then as now, the public profession and confession of orthodoxy was
chiefly met with among people who were dull and cruel and who considered
themselves very important. Ability, honesty, reliability, good-nature and
moral conduct, were often met with among unbelievers. |
Áö±Ýó·³ ±× ¶§µµ, ±×°¡ ¹Ï´Â ÀÚÀΰ¡ ¾Æ´Ñ°¡¿¡ ÀÇÇØ¼
»ç¶÷ÀÇ Àλý°ú ǰÇàÀ» ÆÇ´ÜÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¸Å¿ì
ºÒ°¡´ÉÇÏ¿´´Ù. ¸¸ÀÏ »ç¶÷µé ¾Õ¿¡¼ Á¤±³Àû ½Å¾ÓÀ»
°í¹éÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷°ú ±×°ÍÀ» ºÎÀÎÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷ÀÇ Â÷À̰¡
ÀÖ´Ù¸é, ±× Â÷ÀÌ´Â ÀüÀÚ¸¦ ¼±È£Çؼ°¡ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù. Áö±Ýó·³
±×¶§µµ, Á¤±³Àû ½Å¾ÓÀ» »ç¶÷µé ¾Õ¿¡¼ °í¹éÇϸç
ÂüȸÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ÁÖ·Î ¸ÛûÇϰųª ÀÜÀÎÇϸç, ÀڽŵéÀ»
¾ÆÁÖ Áß¿äÇÏ´Ù°í ¿©±â´Â »ç¶÷µé »çÀÌ¿¡¼³ª º¼ ¼ö
ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ´É·Â, Á¤Á÷, ¹ÏÀ½¼º, ÁÁÀº ǰ¼º ±×¸®°í µµ´öÀûÀÎ
ǰÇàÀº ¹ÏÁö ¾Ê´Â »ç¶÷µé »çÀÌ¿¡¼µµ Á¾Á¾ ¸¸³¯ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. |
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The schools teach the catechism and send
the pupils to church, and government officials must produce certificates
of having received communion. But a man of our circle who has finished his
education and is not in the government service may even now (and formerly
it was still easier for him to do so) live for ten or twenty years without
once remembering that he is living among Christians and is himself
reckoned a member of the orthodox Christian
Church. |
Çб³µéÀº ±³¸® ¹®´äÀ» °¡¸£Ãļ ÇлýµéÀ» ±³È¸¿¡
º¸³½´Ù, ±×¸®°í Á¤ºÎ°ü¸® µéÀº ¿µ¼ºÃ¼¸¦ ¹ÞÀº Áõ¸í¼¸¦
¸¸µé¾î ÁØ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ±³À°À» ¸¶Ä¡°í¼ Á¤ºÎ±â°ü¿¡
Á¾»çÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â ¿ì¸® ¹üÁÖÀÇ »ç¶÷Àº ÀÚ½ÅÀÌ ±âµ¶±³Àεé
»çÀÌ¿¡¼ »ì°í ÀÖÀ¸¸ç Á¤Åë ±âµ¶±³ ±³È¸ÀÇ ÀÏ¿øÀÓÀ¸·Î
°£Áֵǰí ÀÖÀ½À» ¾Æ¸¶ ½ÉÁö¾î Áö±Ýµµ(±×¸®°í ¿¾³¯¿¡´Â
±×·¸°Ô ÇÔÀÌ ÈξÀ ´õ ½¬¿üÁö¸¸) ½Ê ³»Áö À̽ʳ⠵¿¾È ÇÑ
¹øµµ ±â¾ïÇÔÀÌ ¾øÀÌ »ì°í ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. |
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So that, now as formerly, religious
doctrine, accepted on trust and supported by external pressure, thaws away
gradually under the influence of knowledge and experience of life which
conflict with it, and a man very often lives on, imagining that he still
holds intact the religious doctrine imparted to him in childhood whereas
in fact not a trace of it remains. |
±×·¯ÇÑ °í·Î, ÀÌÀüÀ̳ª Áö±ÝÀ̳ª, ¹«Åδë°í
¹Þ¾Æµé¿©Áö¸ç ¿ÜÀûÀÎ °¾ÐÀ¸·Î ÁöÁö µÇ´ø Á¾±³ ±³¸®´Â,
ÀÌ¿¡ ´ëÄ¡µÇ´Â Áö½ÄÀÇ ¿µÇâ°ú ÀλýÀÇ °æÇè¾Æ·¡¼
Á¡Â÷ÀûÀ¸·Î ³ì¾Æ ¾ø¾îÁø´Ù, ±×¸®°í »ç¶÷µéÀº, »ç½Ç ÇÑ
Á¡ÀÇ ÈçÀûµµ ³²¾Æ ÀÖÁö ¾ÊÀº ¾î¸° ½ÃÀý¿¡ ±×¿¡°Ô ½É¾îÁø
Á¾±³Àû ±³¸®¸¦ ¿©ÀüÈ÷ ±ú²ýÇÏ°Ô Áö´Ï°í ÀÖ´Ù°í
»ó»óÇϸé¼, ÈçÈ÷µé »ì¾Æ°¡°í ÀÖ´Ù. |
|
S., a clever and truthful man, once told
me the story of how he ceased to believe. On a hunting expedition, when he
was already twenty-six, he once, at the place where they put up for the
night, knelt down in the evening to pray-a habit retained from childhood.
His elder brother, who was at the hunt with him, was lying on some hay and
watching him. When S. had finished and was settling down for the night,
his brother said to him: "So you still do that?" |
ÃѸíÇÏ¸ç ½Å¾Ó½É ±íÀº S´Â ¾ðÁ¨°¡ ÀÚ½ÅÀÌ ¾î¶»°Ô ÇÏ¿©
¹Ï±â¸¦ Áß´ÜÇß´ÂÁö¿¡ ´ëÇÑ À̾߱⸦ ³ª¿¡°Ô ¸»ÇØ
ÁÖ¾ú´Ù. ¾î¶² »ç³É ¿©Çà¿¡¼, ±×°¡ ÀÌ¹Ì ½º¹° ¿©¼¸ÀÏ ¶§,
ÇÏ·í¹ãÀ» Áö³»±â À§ÇØ ÁغñÇÑ ÀÚ¸®¿¡¼, Àú³á¿¡
±âµµÇÏ·Á°í ¹«¸À» ²Ý¾ú´Ù-±×°ÍÀº ¾î¸° ½ÃÀýºÎÅÍ
°¡Áö°Ô µÈ ½À°üÀ̾ú´Ù. ±×ÀÇ ÇüÀº, ±×´Â ±×¿Í ÇÔ²² »ç³É
ÁßÀ̾úÀ¸¸ç, Ç® À§¿¡ ±â´ë°í ÀÖ¾ú´Âµ¥, ±×¸¦ ÁöÄѺ¸°í
ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. S°¡ ¸¶Ä¡°í ³ª¼ ÀáÀ» ÀÚ·Á°í ÁغñÇϰí ÀÖÀÚ,
±×ÀÇ ÇüÀÌ ±×¿¡°Ô ¸»Çß´Ù: ¡°±×·¡ ³Ê ¾ÆÁ÷µµ ±×°ÍÀ»
ÇÏ´Ï?¡± |
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They said nothing more to one another. But
from that day S. ceased to say his prayers or go to church. And now he has
not prayed, received communion, or gone to church, for thirty years. And
this not because he knows his brother's convictions and has joined him
in them, nor because he has decided anything in his own soul, but simply
because the word spoken by his brother was like the push of a finger on a
wall that was ready to fall by its own weight. The word only showed that
where he thought there was faith, in reality there had long been an empty
space, and that therefore the utterance of words and the making of signs
of the cross and genuflections while praying were quite senseless actions.
Becoming conscious of their senselessness he could not continue them. |
±×µéÀº ¼·Î¿¡°Ô ´õ ÀÌ»ó ¾Æ¹« ¸»µµ ÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù.
±×³¯ ÀÌÈÄ·Î S´Â ±âµµ¸¦ Çϰųª ¶Ç´Â ±³È¸¿¡ °¡Áö
¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. ±×¸®°í Áö±Ýµµ »ï½Ê³â µ¿¾È ±×´Â ±âµµÇϰųª,
¿µ¼ºÃ¼¸¦ ¹Þ°Å³ª ±³È¸¿¡ °¡Áö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ±×¸®°í À̰ÍÀº
±×°¡ ÇüÀÇ ½Å³äµéÀ» ¾Ë¾Æ¼ ±×°Í¿¡ ÇÕ·ùÇÑ ¶§¹®µµ
¾Æ´Ï¸ç, ÀÚ±â ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ¸¶À½À¸·Î ¹«¾ùÀ» °á½ÉÇÑ ¶§¹®µµ
¾Æ´Ï´Ù, ±×·¯³ª ´Ü¼øÈ÷ ±×ÀÇ ÇüÀÌ ÇÑ ¸»Àº ¸¶Ä¡ ±×
ÀÚüÀÇ ¹«°Ô·Î ÀÎÇÏ¿© ¹«³ÊÁö±â Á÷ÀüÀÇ º®¿¡
¼Õ°¡¶ôÀ¸·Î ¹Ò°ú °°Àº ¶§¹®À̾ú´Ù. ±× ¸»Àº, ±×°¡
½Å¾ÓÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù°í »ý°¢ ÇÑ °÷¿¡´Â, »ç½Ç ¿À·§µ¿¾È ºó
ÀÚ¸®·Î ÀÖ¾úÀ½À» ´ÜÁö º¸¿© ÁÖ¾ú´Ù, ±×¸®°í ±×·¯¹Ç·Î
±âµµÇÏ´Â Áß¿¡ ¿ÜÃÄ´ë°í ½ÊÀÚ°¡ Ç¥½Ã¸¦ ÇÏ¸ç ¹«¸ ²Ý´Â
°ÍÀº ³Ê¹«³ª ¹«ÀǹÌÇÑ ÇàÀ§µéÀ̾ú´Ù. ±×µéÀÇ
¹«ÀǹÌÇÔÀ» ÀǽÄÇÏ¸é¼ ±×´Â ±×°ÍµéÀ» °è¼ÓÇÒ ¼ö
¾ø¾ú´Ù. |
|
So it has been and is, I think, with the
great majority of people. I am speaking of people of our educational level
who are sincere with themselves, and not of those who make the profession
of faith a means of attaining worldly aims. (Such people are the most
fundamental infidels, for if faith is for them a means of attaining any
worldly aims, then certainly it is not faith.) These people of our
education are so placed that the light of knowledge and life has caused an
artificial erection to melt away, and they have either already noticed
this and swept its place clear, or they have not yet noticed it. |
»ý°¢ÄÁ´ë, °ÅÀÇ ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ »ç¶÷µéÀÌ ±×·¯Çß°í ±×·¸´Ù.
³ª´Â, ½Å¾Ó °í¹éÀ» ¼¼¼ÓÀûÀÎ ¸ñÀû ´Þ¼ºÀ» À§ÇØ ÇÏ´Â
»ç¶÷µéÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó (±×·± »ç¶÷µéÀº °¡Àå ±Ùº»ÀûÀÎ
ºñ½Å¾ÓÀÚÀÌ´Ù, ¿Ö³ÄÇÏ¸é ¸¸ÀÏ ½Å¾ÓÀÌ ±×µé¿¡°Ô ÀÖ¾î¼
¾î¶² ¼¼¼ÓÀûÀÎ ¸ñÀûÀ» ´Þ¼ºÇÏ´Â ¼ö´ÜÀ̶ó¸é, ±×°ÍÀº
È®½ÇÈ÷ ½Å¾ÓÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï±â ¶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù), Àڽſ¡°Ô ÁøÁöÇÑ
¿ì¸®ÀÇ ±³À°¼öÁØ¿¡ ÀÖ´Â »ç¶÷µéÀ» ¸»Çϰí ÀÖ´Ù. ¿ì¸®ÀÇ
±³À°À» ¹ÞÀº ÀÌ·± »ç¶÷µéÀº Áö½Ä°ú »ý¸íÀÇ ºûÀÌ
ÀÎÀ§ÀûÀÎ ±¸Á¶¹°À» ³ì¾Æ ¾ø¾îÁöµµ·Ï ¸¸µé¾ú´Ù, ±×¸®°í
±×µéÀº ÀÌ¹Ì À̰ÍÀ» ¾Ë¾ÆÂ÷·Á¼ ±× ÀÚ¸®¸¦ ±ú²ýÀÌ
Ä¡¿ö¹ö·È°Å³ª, ¾Æ´Ï¸é ±×µéÀÌ ¾ÆÁ÷ ±×°ÍÀ» ´«Ä¡ äÁö
¸øÇÏ´Â »óÅ¿¡ ¿ÍÀÖ´Ù. |
|
The religious doctrine taught me from
childhood disappeared in me as in others, but with this difference, that
as from the age of fifteen I began to read philosophical works, my
rejection of the doctrine became a conscious one at a very early age. From
the time I was sixteen I ceased to say my prayers and ceased to go to
church or to fast of my own volition. I did not believe what had been
taught me in childhood but I believed in something. What it was I believed
in I could not at all have said. I believed in a God, or rather I did not
deny God-but I could not have said what sort of God. Neither did I deny
Christ and his teaching, but what his teaching consisted in I again could
not have said. |
¾î¸° ½ÃÀýºÎÅÍ ³ª¸¦ °¡¸£Ä£ Á¾±³ÀûÀÎ ±³¸®´Â ´Ù¸¥
»ç¶÷µé ¾È¿¡¼Ã³·³, ³» ¾È¿¡¼ »ç¶óÁ® ¹ö·È´Ù, ±×·¯³ª
ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ Â÷À̰¡ ÀÖ´Ù, ±×°ÍÀº ¿ ´Ù¼¸ »ìºÎÅÍ ³ª´Â
öÇÐÀûÀÎ ÀÛǰµéÀ» Àб⠽ÃÀÛÇÏ¿©¼, ³ªÀÇ ±³¸®¿¡ ´ëÇÑ
°ÅºÎ´Â ¸Å¿ì ¾î¸° ³ªÀ̺ÎÅÍ ÀǽÄÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ µÇ¾ú´Ù. ¿
¿©¼¸ ½ÃÀýºÎÅÍ ³ª´Â ±âµµ¸¦ Áß´ÜÇÏ¿´°í ³ª ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ
ÀÇÁö¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© ±³È¸¿¡ °¡°Å³ª ±Ý½ÄÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ»
Áß´ÜÇÏ¿´´Ù. ³ª´Â ¾î¸° ½ÃÀýºÎÅÍ ³ª¿¡°Ô °¡¸£ÃÄÁø °ÍÀ»
¹ÏÁö ¾Ê¾ÒÀ¸³ª ¹«¾ùÀΰ¡ ¹Ï¾ú´Ù. ³»°¡ ¹Ï´Â °ÍÀÌ
¹«¾ùÀ̾ú´ÂÁö ÀüÇô ¸»ÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø¾ú´Ù. ³ª´Â Çϳª´ÔÀ»
¹Ï¾ú´Ù, ¾Æ´Ï ¿ÀÈ÷·Á Çϳª´ÔÀ» ºÎÀÎÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù-±×·¯³ª
³ª´Â ¾î¶² Á¾·ùÀÇ Çϳª´ÔÀÎÁö ¸»ÇÒ ¼ö°¡ ¾ø¾ú´Ù. ³ª´Â
±×¸®½ºµµ¿Í ±×ÀÇ °¡¸£Ä§À» ºÎÀÎÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù, ±×·¯³ª
±×ÀÇ °¡¸£Ä§ÀÌ ¹«¾ùÀ¸·Î ±¸¼ºµÇ¾î ÀÖ´ÂÁö, ³ª´Â ´Ù½Ã
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Looking back on that time, I now see
clearly that my faith-my only real faith-that which apart from my animal
instincts gave impulse to my life-was a belief in perfecting myself. But
in what this perfecting consisted and what its object was, I could not
have said. I tried to perfect myself mentally-I studied everything I
could, anything life threw in my way; I tried to perfect my will, I drew
up rules I tried to follow; I perfected myself physically, cultivating my
strength and agility by all sorts of exercises, and accustoming myself to
endurance and patience by all kinds of privations. And all this I
considered to be the pursuit of perfection. The beginning of it all was of
course moral perfection, but that was soon replaced by perfection in
general: by the desire to be better not in my own eyes or those of God but
in the eyes of other people. And very soon this effort again changed into
a desire to be stronger than others: to be more famous, more important and
richer than others. |
±× ½Ã´ë¸¦ µ¹¾Æ´Ù º¸¸é, ³ª´Â ÀÌÁ¦, ³ªÀÇ ½Å¾Ó-³ªÀÇ
À¯ÀÏÇÑ ÁøÁ¤ÇÑ ½Å¾Ó-³ªÀÇ µ¿¹°Àû º»´ÉÀ» ¶°³ª¼ ³ªÀÇ
»ý¸í¿¡ Ãæ°ÝÀ» ÁØ °Í-Àº ³ª ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ¿Ï¼º¿¡ ´ëÇÑ
¹ÏÀ½À̾ú´Ù´Â °ÍÀ», ºÐ¸íÈ÷ ¾È´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ÀÌ ¿Ï¼ºÀÌ
¹«¾ùÀ¸·Î ä¿öÁö¸ç ±×ÀÇ ¸ñÀûÀÌ ¹«¾ùÀÎÁö, ³ª´Â ¸»ÇÒ ¼ö
¾ø¾ú´Ù. ³ª´Â Á¤½ÅÀûÀ¸·Î ³ª ÀÚ½ÅÀ» ¿Ï¼ºÇÏ·Á°í
½ÃµµÇß´Ù-³ª´Â °¡´ÉÇÑ ¸ðµç °ÍÀ» °øºÎÇß´Ù, ³ªÀÇ ±æ¿¡
³Î·ÁÁ® ÀÖ´Â ¹«¾ùÀ̵ç, ³ª´Â ³ªÀÇ ÀÇÁö¸¦ ¿Ï¼ºÇÏ·Á
½ÃµµÇß´Ù, ³ª´Â ³»°¡ °¡·Á°í ½ÃµµÇÏ´Â ¹ýÄ¢µéÀ»
°£Ãß·È´Ù, ³ª´Â À°Ã¼ÀûÀ¸·Î ³ª ÀÚ½ÅÀ» ¿Ï¼ºÇÏ¿´´Ù, ¸ðµç
Á¾·ùÀÇ ¿îµ¿À» ÅëÇÏ¿© ³ªÀÇ Èû°ú ¹Îø¼ºÀ» ¹è¾çÇϰí,
¸ðµç Á¾·ùÀÇ ±ÃÇÌÀ» ÅëÇÏ¿© Áö±¸·Â°ú Àγ»¿¡ ÀûÀÀÇØ
³ª°¬´Ù. ±×¸®°í ³ª´Â ÀÌ ¸ðµç °ÍµéÀÌ ¿Ï¼ºÀÇ Ãß±¸¶ó°í
¿©°å´Ù. ±×¸®°í ÀÌ ¸ðµç °ÍÀÇ ½ÃÀÛÀº ¹°·Ð µµ´öÀûÀÎ
¿Ï¼ºÀ̾ú´Ù, ±×·¯³ª ±×°ÍÀº °ð Àü¹ÝÀûÀÎ ¿Ï¼ºÀ¸·Î
¹Ù²î¾ú´Ù: ³ª ÀÚ½ÅÀ̳ª Çϳª´ÔÀÇ ´«ÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ´Ù¸¥
»ç¶÷µéÀÇ ´«¿¡¼ ´õ ³ª¾ÆÁüÀ¸·Î ¸»ÀÌ´Ù. ±×¸®°í ¹Ù·Î
Áï½Ã ÀÌ ³ë·ÂÀº ´Ù½Ã±Ý ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷º¸´Ù ´õ °ÇØÁö·Á´Â
¿å¸ÁÀ¸·Î ¹Ù²î¾î Á³´Ù: ´õ À¯¸íÇØÁö°í, ´õ Áß¿äÇØÁö¸ç
±×¸®°í ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µé º¸´Ù ´õ ºÎÀ¯ÇØÁö´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. |
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