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(Old Testament Apocrypha)

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Tobit

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Introduction

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Tobit, also called THE BOOK OF TOBIAS, apocryphal work (noncanonical for Jews and Protestants) that found its way into the Roman Catholic canon via the Septuagint. A religious folktale and a Judaicized version of the story of the grateful dead, it relates how Tobit, a pious Jew exiled to Nineveh in Assyria, observed the precepts of Hebrew Law by giving alms and by burying the dead. In spite of his good works, Tobit was struck blind. ÅäºñÆ®(Tobit), ¶Ç´Â The Book of Tobias¶ó°íµµ Çϸç, ¿Ü°æÀ¸·Î¼­, À¯´ë±³¿Í °³½Å±³¿¡¼­´Â Á¤°æÀ¸·Î ÀÎÁ¤ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸ç ·Î¸¶ °¡Å縯¿¡¼­´Â 70Àοª ¼º¼­¸¦ µû¶ó Á¤°æÀ¸·Î ÀÎÁ¤ÇÑ´Ù. ÇÑÆíÀÇ Á¾±³Àû ¹Î´ãÀ̸ç Á×Àº »ç¶÷µéÀÇ À̾߱⸦ À¯´ë±³½ÄÀ¸·Î °³ÀÛÇÑ °ÍÀ̱⵵ ÇÏ´Ù. [ÅäºñÆ®]´Â µ¶½ÇÇÑ À¯´ëÀÎÀÎ ÅäºñÆ®°¡ ¾Æ½Ã¸®¾ÆÀÇ ´Ï³×º£·Î Ãß¹æµÈ °æÀ§¿Í, ÀÚ¼±À» º£Ç®°í Á×Àº ÀÚµéÀ» ¹¯¾îÁÜÀ¸·Î½á È÷ºê¸® ¹ýÀÇ °è¸íÀ» ÁöŲ °Í¿¡ ´ëÇØ À̾߱âÇÑ´Ù. ÅäºñÆ®´Â ¼±ÇàÀ» ÇßÀ½¿¡µµ ºÒ±¸Çϰí Àå´ÔÀÌ µÇ¾ú´Ù
Concurrent with Tobit's story is that of Sarah, daughter of Tobit's closest relative, whose seven successive husbands were each killed by a demon on their wedding night. When Tobit and Sarah pray to God for deliverance, God sends the angel Raphael to act as intercessor. Tobit regains his sight, and Sarah marries Tobit's son Tobias. The story closes with Tobit's song of thanksgiving and an account of his death. ÅäºñÆ®ÀÇ À̾߱⿡ ÇÔ²² ³ª¿À´Â °ÍÀº ÅäºñÆ®ÀÇ °¡Àå °¡±î¿î ģôÀÇ µþÀÎ »ç¶ó¿¡ ´ëÇÑ À̾߱âÀÌ´Ù. ±×³à´Â 7¹ø °áÈ¥À» Çߴµ¥, 7¸íÀÇ ³²ÆíÀÌ °¢°¢ °áÈ¥ÇÑ ³¯ ¹ã ¾Ç¸¶¿¡ ÀÇÇØ Á×À½À» ´çÇß´Ù. ÅäºñÆ®¿Í »ç¶ó°¡ ÇÏ´À´Ô¿¡°Ô ±¸¿øÇØ´Þ¶ó°í ±âµµÇÏÀÚ ÇÏ´À´ÔÀº õ»ç ¶óÆÄ¿¤À» ÁßÀçÀÚ·Î º¸³Â´Ù. ÅäºñÆ®´Â ½Ã·ÂÀ» µÇã¾Ò°í, »ç¶ó´Â ÅäºñÆ®ÀÇ ¾Æµé Åäºñ¾Æ½º¿Í °áÈ¥ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ À̾߱â´Â ÅäºñÆ®ÀÇ °¨»çÀÇ ³ë·¡¿Í ±×ÀÇ Á×À½¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¼³¸íÀ¸·Î ³¡À» ¸Î´Â´Ù.
The book is primarily concerned with the problem of reconciling evil in the world with divine justice. Tobit and Sarah are pious Jews unaccountably afflicted by malevolent forces, but their faith is finally rewarded, and God is vindicated as both just and omnipotent. Other major themes are the need for Jews living outside Palestine to observe religious law strictly and the promise of the restoration of Israel as a nation. ÀÌ Ã¥Àº ÁÖ·Î ¼¼»ó¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ¾ÇÀ» ½ÅÀÇ Á¤ÀÇ¿Í Á¶È­½ÃŰ´Â ¹®Á¦¿¡ °ü½ÉÀ» ±â¿ïÀ̰í ÀÖ´Ù. ÅäºñÆ®¿Í »ç¶ó´Â °æ°ÇÇÑ À¯´ëÀÎÀ¸·Î ¾ÇÀÇ ¼¼·Â¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ÇØ¸¦ ÀÔ¾úÁö¸¸ ±×µéÀÇ ¹ÏÀ½Àº °á±¹ º¸´äÀ» ¹Þ°í ÇÏ´À´ÔÀº Á¤ÀÇ·Ó°í Àü´ÉÇÑ ÀÚ·Î ÀÎÁ¤µÈ´Ù. ´Ù¸¥ ÁÖ¿äÁÖÁ¦´Â ÆÈ·¹½ºÅ¸ÀÎ ¿Ü°û¿¡¼­ »ì°í ÀÖ´Â À¯´ëÀεéÀÌ À²¹ýÀ» ¾ö°ÝÈ÷ Áöų Çʿ伺°ú À̽º¶ó¿¤ÀÌ ÇÑ ¹ÎÁ·À¸·Î ȸº¹µÉ °ÍÀ̶ó´Â ¾à¼ÓÀÌ´Ù.

Historical inaccuracies, archaisms, and confused geographic references indicate that the book was not actually written at Nineveh in the early 7th century BC. Rather, its emphasis on the burial of the dead suggests it was written, possibly at Antioch, during the reign (175-164 BC) of Antiochus IV Epiphanes of Syria, when Jews faithful to their religion were forbidden to bury their dead.

 ¿ª»çÀû ºÎÁ¤È®¼º, ÀǰíÁÖÀÇ(ëôͯñ«ëù), º¹ÀâÇÑ Áö¸®Àû ¼³¸í µîÀ¸·Î ¹Ì·ç¾îº¼ ¶§ ÀÌ Ã¥ÀÌ BC 7¼¼±âÃÊ ´Ï³×º£¿¡¼­ ¾º¾îÁ³´Ù´Â °ÍÀº ¼³µæ·ÂÀÌ ¾ø´Ù. ¿ÀÈ÷·Á Á×Àº »ç¶÷µéÀÇ ¸ÅÀå¿¡ ´ëÇØ °­Á¶ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î º¸¾Æ ½Ã¸®¾ÆÀÇ ¾ÈƼ¿ÀÄÚ½º 4¼¼ ¿¡ÇÇÆÄ³×½ºÀÇ ÀçÀ§±â°£(BC 175~164)¿¡ ¾ÈƼ¿ÀÅ©¿¡¼­ ¾º¾îÁø µíÇÏ´Ù. ±×´ç½Ã ÀڽŵéÀÇ Á¾±³¿¡ Ãæ½ÇÇÑ À¯´ëÀεéÀº Á×Àº ÀÚ¸¦ ¸ÅÀåÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ±ÝÁöµÇ¾î ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.
Outline of Contents °³¿ä
Tobit in Nineveh and Sarah in Media suffer and pray
1.1-3.15
´Ï´À¿þÀÇ ÅäºñÆ®¿Í ¸Þµð¾ÆÀÇ »ç¶ó°¡ °íÅë¹ÞÀ¸¸ç ±âµµÇÑ´Ù
Their prayer are answered
3.16-11.18
±×µéÀÇ ±âµµ°¡ ÀÀ´äµÈ´Ù
a. In answer to their prayers God sends the angel Raphael
3.16-17
±×µéÀÇ ±âµµ¿¡ ÀÀ´äÇÏ¿© Çϳª´ÔÀº õ»ç ¶óÆÄ¿¤À» º¸³½´Ù
b. Tobit gives advice to his son, Tobias
4.1-2
ÅäºñÆ®´Â ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ¾Æµé Åäºñ¾Æ½º¿¡°Ô Á¶¾ð ÇÑ´Ù
c. Raphael travels with Tobias to Media
5.1-7.12
¶óÆÄ¿¤Àº Åäºñ¾Æ½º¿Í ¸Þµð¾Æ¸¦ ¿©ÇàÇÑ´Ù
d. Tobias marries Sarah
7.13-9.6
Åäºñ¾Æ½º´Â »ç¶ó¿Í °áÈ¥ÇÑ´Ù
e. Raphael returns with Tobias and Sarah, and cures Tobit's blindness
10.1-11.18
¶óÆÄ¿¤Àº Åäºñ¾Æ½º ¹× »ç¶ó¿Í ÇÔ²² µ¹¾Æ¿À¸ç ÅäºñÆ®ÀÇ ´«À» Ä¡·áÇÑ´Ù
The angel Raphael reveals who he is
12.1-22
¶óÆÄ¿¤Àº ÀÚ½ÅÀÌ ´©±¸ÀÎÁö ¹àÈù´Ù
Tobit praises God and gives advice to Tobias
13.1-14.15
ÅäºñÆ®´Â Çϳª´ÔÀ» Âù¾çÇϸç Á¶¾ð ÇÑ´Ù
ÅäºñÆ®(Tobit)

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