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Maccabees)
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
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1 Maccabees
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1Mac.13
[1] Simon heard that Trypho had assembled a large army to
invade the land of Judah and destroy it,
[2] and he saw that the people were trembling and
fearful. So he went up to Jerusalem, and gathering the
people together
[3] he encouraged them, saying to them, "You
yourselves know what great things I and my brothers and
the house of my father have done for the laws and the
sanctuary; you know also the wars and the difficulties
which we have seen.
[4] By reason of this all my brothers have
perished for the sake of Israel, and I alone am left.
[5] And now, far be it from me to spare my life
in any time of distress, for I am not better than my
brothers.
[6] But I will avenge my nation and the sanctuary
and your wives and children, for all the nations have
gathered together out of hatred to destroy us."
[7] The spirit of the people was rekindled when they
heard these words,
[8] and they answered in a loud voice, "You
are our leader in place of Judas and Jonathan your
brother.
[9] Fight our battles, and all that you say to us
we will do."
[10] So he assembled all the warriors and
hastened to complete the walls of Jerusalem, and he
fortified it on every side.
[11] He sent Jonathan the son of Absalom to
Joppa, and with him a considerable army; he drove out
its occupants and remained there.
[12] Then Trypho departed from Ptolemais with a large army
to invade the land of Judah, and Jonathan was with him
under guard.
[13] And Simon encamped in Adida, facing the
plain.
[14] Trypho learned that Simon had risen up in
place of Jonathan his brother, and that he was about to
join battle with him, so he sent envoys to him and said,
[15] "It is for the money that Jonathan your
brother owed the royal treasury, in connection with the
offices he held, that we are detaining him.
[16] Send now a hundred talents of silver and two
of his sons as hostages, so that when released he will
not revolt against us, and we will release him."
[17] Simon knew that they were speaking deceitfully to
him, but he sent to get the money and the sons, lest he
arouse great hostility among the people, who might say,
[18] "Because Simon did not send him the
money and the sons, he perished."
[19] So he sent the sons and the hundred talents,
but Trypho broke his word and did not release Jonathan.
[20] After this Trypho came to invade the country and
destroy it, and he circled around by the way to Adora.
But Simon and his army kept marching along opposite him
to every place he went.
[21] Now the men in the citadel kept sending
envoys to Trypho urging him to come to them by way of
the wilderness and to send them food.
[22] So Trypho got all his cavalry ready to go,
but that night a very heavy snow fell, and he did not go
because of the snow. He marched off and went into the
land of Gilead.
[23] When he approached Baskama, he killed
Jonathan, and he was buried there.
[24] Then Trypho turned back and departed to his
own land.
[25] And Simon sent and took the bones of Jonathan his
brother, and buried him in Modein, the city of his
fathers.
[26] All Israel bewailed him with great
lamentation, and mourned for him many days.
[27] And Simon built a monument over the tomb of
his father and his brothers; he made it high that it
might be seen, with polished stone at the front and
back.
[28] He also erected seven pyramids, opposite one
another, for his father and mother and four brothers.
[29] And for the pyramids he devised an elaborate
setting, erecting about them great columns, and upon the
columns he put suits of armor for a permanent memorial,
and beside the suits of armor carved ships, so that they
could be seen by all who sail the sea.
[30] This is the tomb which he built in Modein;
it remains to this day.
[31] Trypho dealt treacherously with the young king
Antiochus; he killed him
[32] and became king in his place, putting on the
crown of Asia; and he brought great calamity upon the
land.
[33] But Simon built up the strongholds of Judea
and walled them all around, with high towers and great
walls and gates and bolts, and he stored food in the
strongholds.
[34] Simon also chose men and sent them to
Demetrius the king with a request to grant relief to the
country, for all that Trypho did was to plunder.
[35] Demetrius the king sent him a favorable
reply to this request, and wrote him a letter as
follows,
[36] "King Demetrius to Simon, the high
priest and friend of kings, and to the elders and nation
of the Jews, greeting.
[37] We have received the gold crown and the palm
branch which you sent, and we are ready to make a
general peace with you and to write to our officials to
grant you release from tribute.
[38] All the grants that we have made to you
remain valid, and let the strongholds that you have
built be your possession.
[39] We pardon any errors and offenses committed
to this day, and cancel the crown tax which you owe; and
whatever other tax has been collected in Jerusalem shall
be collected no longer.
[40] And if any of you are qualified to be
enrolled in our bodyguard, let them be enrolled, and let
there be peace between us."
[41] In the one hundred and seventieth year the yoke of
the Gentiles was removed from Israel,
[42] and the people began to write in their
documents and contracts, "In the first year of
Simon the great high priest and commander and leader of
the Jews."
[43] In those days Simon encamped against Gazara and
surrounded it with troops. He made a siege engine,
brought it up to the city, and battered and captured one
tower.
[44] The men in the siege engine leaped out into
the city, and a great tumult arose in the city.
[45] The men in the city, with their wives and
children, went up on the wall with their clothes rent,
and they cried out with a loud voice, asking Simon to
make peace with them;
[46] they said, "Do not treat us according
to our wicked acts but according to your mercy."
[47] So Simon reached an agreement with them and
stopped fighting against them. But he expelled them from
the city and cleansed the houses in which the idols
were, and then entered it with hymns and praise.
[48] He cast out of it all uncleanness, and
settled in it men who observed the law. He also
strengthened its fortifications and built in it a house
for himself.
[49] The men in the citadel at Jerusalem were prevented
from going out to the country and back to buy and sell.
So they were very hungry, and many of them perished from
famine.
[50] Then they cried to Simon to make peace with
them, and he did so. But he expelled them from there and
cleansed the citadel from its pollutions.
[51] On the twenty-third day of the second month,
in the one hundred and seventy-first year, the Jews
entered it with praise and palm branches, and with harps
and cymbals and stringed instruments, and with hymns and
songs, because a great enemy had been crushed and
removed from Israel.
[52] And Simon decreed that every year they
should celebrate this day with rejoicing. He
strengthened the fortifications of the temple hill
alongside the citadel, and he and his men dwelt there.
[53] And Simon saw that John his son had reached
manhood, so he made him commander of all the forces, and
he dwelt in Gazara.
¡¡
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1Mac.14
[1] In the one hundred and seventy-second year Demetrius
the king assembled his forces and marched into Media to
secure help, so that he could make war against Trypho.
[2] When Arsaces the king of Persia and Media
heard that Demetrius had invaded his territory, he sent
one of his commanders to take him alive.
[3] And he went and defeated the army of
Demetrius, and seized him and took him to Arsaces, who
put him under guard.
[4] The land had rest all the days of Simon.
He sought the good of his nation;
his rule was pleasing to them,
as was the honor shown him, all his days.
[5] To crown all his honors he took Joppa for a
harbor,
and opened a way to the isles of the sea.
[6] He extended the borders of his nation,
and gained full control of the country.
[7] He gathered a host of captives;
he ruled over Gazara and Beth-zur and the citadel,
and he removed its uncleanness from it;
and there was none to oppose him.
[8] They tilled their land in peace;
the ground gave its increase,
and the trees of the plains their fruit.
[9] Old men sat in the streets;
they all talked together of good things;
and the youths donned the glories and garments of war.
[10] He supplied the cities with food,
and furnished them with the means of defense,
till his renown spread to the ends of the earth.
[11] He established peace in the land,
and Israel rejoiced with great joy.
[12] Each man sat under his vine and his fig
tree,
and there was none to make them afraid.
[13] No one was left in the land to fight them,
and the kings were crushed in those days.
[14] He strengthened all the humble of his
people;
he sought out the law,
and did away with every lawless and wicked man.
[15] He made the sanctuary glorious,
and added to the vessels of the sanctuary.
[16] It was heard in Rome, and as far away as Sparta, that
Jonathan had died, and they were deeply grieved.
[17] When they heard that Simon his brother had
become high priest in his place, and that he was ruling
over the country and the cities in it,
[18] they wrote to him on bronze tablets to renew
with him the friendship and alliance which they had
established with Judas and Jonathan his brothers.
[19] And these were read before the assembly in
Jerusalem.
[20] This is a copy of the letter which the Spartans sent:
"The rulers and the city of the Spartans to Simon
the high priest and to the elders and the priests and
the rest of the Jewish people, our brethren, greeting.
[21] The envoys who were sent to our people have
told us about your glory and honor, and we rejoiced at
their coming.
[22] And what they said we have recorded in our
public decrees, as follows, `Numenius the son of
Antiochus and Antipater the son of Jason, envoys of the
Jews, have come to us to renew their friendship with us.
[23] It has pleased our people to receive these
men with honor and to put a copy of their words in the
public archives, so that the people of the Spartans may
have a record of them. And they have sent a copy of this
to Simon the high priest.'"
[24] After this Simon sent Numenius to Rome with a large
gold shield weighing a thousand minas, to confirm the
alliance with the Romans.
[25] When the people heard these things they said,
"How shall we thank Simon and his sons?
[26] For he and his brothers and the house of his
father have stood firm; they have fought and repulsed
Israel's enemies and established its freedom."
[27] So they made a record on bronze tablets and
put it upon pillars on Mount Zion. This is a copy of what they wrote: "On the
eighteenth day of Elul, in the one hundred and
seventy-second year, which is the third year of Simon
the great high priest,
[28] in Asaramel, in the great assembly of the
priests and the people and the rulers of the nation and
the elders of the country, the following was proclaimed
to us:
[29] "Since wars often occurred in the country, Simon
the son of Mattathias, a priest of the sons of Joarib,
and his brothers, exposed themselves to danger and
resisted the enemies of their nation, in order that
their sanctuary and the law might be perserved; and they
brought great glory to their nation.
[30] Jonathan rallied the nation, and became
their high priest, and was gathered to his people.
[31] And when their enemies decided to invade
their country and lay hands on their sanctuary,
[32] then Simon rose up and fought for his
nation. He spent great sums of his own money; he armed
the men of his nation's forces and paid them wages.
[33] He fortified the cities of Judea, and
Beth-zur on the borders of Judea, where formerly the
arms of the enemy had been stored, and he placed there a
garrison of Jews.
[34] He also fortified Joppa, which is by the
sea, and Gazara, which is on the borders of Azotus,
where the enemy formerly dwelt. He settled Jews there,
and provided in those cities whatever was necessary for
their restoration.
[35] "The people saw Simon's faithfulness and the
glory which he had resolved to win for his nation, and
they made him their leader and high priest, because he
had done all these things and because of the justice and
loyalty which he had maintained toward his nation. He
sought in every way to exalt his people.
[36] And in his days things prospered in his
hands, so that the Gentiles were put out of the country,
as were also the men in the city of David in Jerusalem,
who had built themselves a citadel from which they used
to sally forth and defile the environs of the sanctuary
and do great damage to its purity.
[37] He settled Jews in it, and fortified it for
the safety of the country and of the city, and built the
walls of Jerusalem higher.
[38] "In view of these things King Demetrius
confirmed him in the high priesthood,
[39] and he made him one of the king's friends
and paid him high honors.
[40] For he had heard that the Jews were
addressed by the Romans as friends and allies and
brethren, and that the Romans had received the envoys of
Simon with honor.
[41] "And the Jews and their priests decided that
Simon should be their leader and high priest for ever,
until a trustworthy prophet should arise,
[42] and that he should be governor over them and
that he should take charge of the sanctuary and appoint
men over its tasks and over the country and the weapons
and the strongholds, and that he should take charge of
the sanctuary,
[43] and that he should be obeyed by all, and
that all contracts in the country should be written in
his name, and that he should be clothed in purple and
wear gold.
[44] "And none of the people or priests shall be
permitted to nullify any of these decisions or to oppose
what he says, or to convene an assembly in the country
without his permission, or to be clothed in purple or
put on a gold buckle.
[45] Whoever acts contrary to these decisions or
nullifies any of them shall be liable to
punishment."
[46] And all the people agreed to grant Simon the right to
act in accord with these decisions.
[47] So Simon accepted and agreed to be high
priest, to be commander and ethnarch of the Jews and
priests, and to be protector of them all.
[48] And they gave orders to inscribe this decree
upon bronze tablets, to put them up in a conspicuous
place in the precincts of the sanctuary,
[49] and to deposit copies of them in the
treasury, so that Simon and his sons might have them.
¡¡
|
14
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1Mac.15
[1] Antiochus, the son of Demetrius the king, sent a
letter from the islands of the sea to Simon, the priest
and ethnarch of the Jews, and to all the nation;
[2] its contents were as follows: "King
Antiochus to Simon the high priest and ethnarch and to
the nation of the Jews, greeting.
[3] Whereas certain pestilent men have gained
control of the kingdom of our fathers, and I intend to
lay claim to the kingdom so that I may restore it as it
formerly was, and have recruited a host of mercenary
troops and have equipped warships,
[4] and intend to make a landing in the country
so that I may proceed against those who have destroyed
our country and those who have devastated many cities in
my kingdom,
[5] now therefore I confirm to you all the tax
remissions that the kings before me have granted you,
and release from all the other payments from which they
have released you.
[6] I permit you to mint your own coinage as
money for your country,
[7] and I grant freedom to Jerusalem and the
sanctuary. All the weapons which you have prepared and
the strongholds which you have built and now hold shall
remain yours.
[8] Every debt you owe to the royal treasury and
any such future debts shall be canceled for you from
henceforth and for all time.
[9] When we gain control of our kingdom, we will
bestow great honor upon you and your nation and the
temple, so that your glory will become manifest in all
the earth."
[10] In the one hundred and seventy-fourth year Antiochus
set out and invaded the land of his fathers. All the
troops rallied to him, so that there were few with
Trypho.
[11] Antiochus pursued him, and he came in his
flight to Dor, which is by the sea;
[12] for he knew that troubles had converged upon
him, and his troops had deserted him.
[13] So Antiochus encamped against Dor, and with
him were a hundred and twenty thousand warriors and
eight thousand cavalry.
[14] He surrounded the city, and the ships joined
battle from the sea; he pressed the city hard from land
and sea, and permitted no one to leave or enter it.
[15] Then Numenius and his companions arrived from Rome,
with letters to the kings and countries, in which the
following was written:
[16] "Lucius, consul of the Romans, to King
Ptolemy, greeting.
[17] The envoys of the Jews have come to us as
our friends and allies to renew our ancient friendship
and alliance. They had been sent by Simon the high
priest and by the people of the Jews,
[18] and have brought a gold shield weighing a
thousand minas.
[19] We therefore have decided to write to the
kings and countries that they should not seek their harm
or make war against them and their cities and their
country, or make alliance with those who war against
them.
[20] And it has seemed good to us to accept the
shield from them.
[21] Therefore if any pestilent men have fled to
you from their country, hand them over to Simon the high
priest, that he may punish them according to their
law."
[22] The consul wrote the same thing to Demetrius the king
and to Attalus and Ariarathes and Arsaces,
[23] and to all the countries, and to Sampsames,
and to the Spartans, and to Delos, and to Myndos, and to
Sicyon, and to Caria, and to Samos, and to Pamphylia,
and to Lycia, and to Halicarnassus, and to Rhodes, and
to Phaselis, and to Cos, and to Side, and to Aradus and
Gortyna and Cnidus and Cyprus and Cyrene.
[24] They also sent a copy of these things to
Simon the high priest.
[25] Antiochus the king besieged Dor anew, continually
throwing his forces against it and making engines of
war; and he shut Trypho up and kept him from going out
or in.
[26] And Simon sent to Antiochus two thousand
picked men, to fight for him, and silver and gold and
much military equipment.
[27] But he refused to receive them, and he broke
all the agreements he formerly had made with Simon, and
became estranged from him.
[28] He sent to him Athenobius, one of his
friends, to confer with him, saying, "You hold
control of Joppa and Gazara and the citadel in
Jerusalem; they are cities of my kingdom.
[29] You have devastated their territory, you
have done great damage in the land, and you have taken
possession of many places in my kingdom.
[30] Now then, hand over the cities which you
have seized and the tribute money of the places which
you have conquered outside the borders of Judea;
[31] or else give me for them five hundred
talents of silver, and for the destruction that you have
caused and the tribute money of the cities, five hundred
talents more. Otherwise we will come and conquer
you."
[32] So Athenobius the friend of the king came to
Jerusalem, and when he saw the splendor of Simon, and
the sideboard with its gold and silver plate, and his
great magnificence, he was amazed. He reported to him
the words of the king,
[33] but Simon gave him this reply: "We have
neither taken foreign land nor seized foreign property,
but only the inheritance of our fathers, which at one
time had been unjustly taken by our enemies.
[34] Now that we have the opportunity, we are
firmly holding the inheritance of our fathers.
[35] As for Joppa and Gazara, which you demand,
they were causing great damage among the people and to
our land; for them we will give you a hundred
talents." Athenobius did not answer him a word,
[36] but returned in wrath to the king and
reported to him these words and the splendor of Simon
and all that he had seen. And the king was greatly
angered.
[37] Now Trypho embarked on a ship and escaped to
Orthosia.
[38] Then the king made Cendebeus
commander-in-chief of the coastal country, and gave him
troops of infantry and cavalry.
[39] He commanded him to encamp against Judea,
and commanded him to build up Kedron and fortify its
gates, and to make war on the people; but the king
pursued Trypho.
[40] So Cendebeus came to Jamnia and began to
provoke the people and invade Judea and take the people
captive and kill them.
[41] He built up Kedron and stationed there
horsemen and troops, so that they might go out and make
raids along the highways of Judea, as the king had
ordered him.
|
15
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1Mac.16
[1] John went up from Gazara and reported to Simon his
father what Cendebeus had done.
[2] And Simon called in his two older sons Judas
and John, and said to them: "I and my brothers and
the house of my father have fought the wars of Israel
from our youth until this day, and things have prospered
in our hands so that we have delivered Israel many
times.
[3] But now I have grown old, and you by His
mercy are mature in years. Take my place and my
brother's, and go out and fight for our nation, and may
the help which comes from Heaven be with you."
[4] So John chose out of the country twenty thousand
warriors and horsemen, and they marched against
Cendebeus and camped for the night in Modein.
[5] Early in the morning they arose and marched
into the plain, and behold, a large force of infantry
and horsemen was coming to meet them; and a stream lay
between them.
[6] Then he and his army lined up against them.
And he saw that the soldiers were afraid to cross the
stream, so he crossed over first; and when his men saw
him, they crossed over after him.
[7] Then he divided the army and placed the
horsemen in the midst of the infantry, for the cavalry
of the enemy were very numerous.
[8] And they sounded the trumpets, and Cendebeus
and his army were put to flight, and many of them were
wounded and fell; the rest fled into the stronghold.
[9] At that time Judas the brother of John was
wounded, but John pursued them until Cendebeus reached
Kedron, which he had built.
[10] They also fled into the towers that were in
the fields of Azotus, and John burned it with fire, and
about two thousand of them fell. And he returned to
Judea safely.
[11] Now Ptolemy the son of Abubus had been appointed
governor over the plain of Jericho, and he had much
silver and gold,
[12] for he was son-in-law of the high priest.
[13] His heart was lifted up; he determined to
get control of the country, and made treacherous plans
against Simon and his sons, to do away with them.
[14] Now Simon was visiting the cities of the
country and attending to their needs, and he went down
to Jericho with Mattathias and Judas his sons, in the
one hundred and seventy-seventh year, in the eleventh
month, which is the month of Shebat.
[15] The son of Abubus received them
treacherously in the little stronghold called Dok, which
he had built; he gave them a great banquet, and hid men
there.
[16] When Simon and his sons were drunk, Ptolemy
and his men rose up, took their weapons, and rushed in
against Simon in the banquet hall, and they killed him
and his two sons and some of his servants.
[17] So he committed an act of great treachery
and returned evil for good.
[18] Then Ptolemy wrote a report about these things and
sent it to the king, asking him to send troops to aid
him and to turn over to him the cities and the country.
[19] He sent other men to Gazara to do away with
John; he sent letters to the captains asking them to
come to him so that he might give them silver and gold
and gifts;
[20] and he sent other men to take possession of
Jerusalem and the temple hill.
[21] But some one ran ahead and reported to John
at Gazara that his father and brothers had perished, and
that "he has sent men to kill you also."
[22] When he heard this, he was greatly shocked;
and he seized the men who came to destroy him and killed
them, for he had found out that they were seeking to
destroy him.
[23] The rest of the acts of John and his wars and the
brave deeds which he did, and the building of the walls
which he built, and his achievements,
[24] behold, they are written in the chronicles
of his high priesthood, from the time that he became
high priest after his father.
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16
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