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The Constitution of the Republic of Korea 

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 Àü¹®°³Á¤ 87.10.29

The Constitution of the Republic of Korea 

October 29, 1987

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PREAMBLE

À¯±¸ÇÑ ¿ª»ç¿Í ÀüÅë¿¡ ºû³ª´Â ¿ì¸® ´ëÇѱ¹¹ÎÀº 3.1¿îµ¿À¸·Î °Ç¸³µÈ ´ëÇѹα¹ÀÓ½ÃÁ¤ºÎÀÇ ¹ýÅë°ú ºÒÀÇ¿¡ Ç×°ÅÇÑ 4.19¹ÎÁÖÀ̳äÀ» °è½ÂÇϰí, Á¶±¹ÀÇ ¹ÎÁÖ°³Çõ°ú ÆòÈ­Àû ÅëÀÏÀÇ »ç¸í¿¡ ÀÔ°¢ÇÏ¿© Á¤ÀÇ ¡¤ Àεµ¿Í µ¿Æ÷¾Ö·Î½á ¹ÎÁ·ÀÇ ´Ü°áÀ» °ø°íÈ÷ Çϰí, ¸ðµç »çȸÀû Æó½À°ú ºÒÀǸ¦ ŸÆÄÇϸç, ÀÚÀ²°ú Á¶È­¸¦ ¹ÙÅÁÀ¸·Î ÀÚÀ¯¹ÎÁÖÀû ±âº»Áú¼­¸¦ ´õ¿í È®°íÈ÷ ÇÏ¿© Á¤Ä¡ ¡¤ °æÁ¦ ¡¤ »çȸ ¡¤ ¹®È­ÀÇ ¸ðµç ¿µ¿ª¿¡ À־ °¢ÀÎÀÇ ±âȸ¸¦ ±ÕµîÈ÷ Çϰí, ´É·ÂÀ» ÃÖ°íµµ·Î ¹ßÈÖÇÏ°Ô Çϸç, ÀÚÀ¯¿Í ±Ç¸®¿¡ µû¸£´Â Ã¥ÀÓ°ú Àǹ«¸¦ ¿Ï¼öÇÏ°Ô ÇÏ¿©, ¾ÈÀ¸·Î´Â ±¹¹Î»ýȰÀÇ ±ÕµîÇÑ Çâ»óÀ» ±âÇÏ°í ¹ÛÀ¸·Î´Â Ç×±¸ÀûÀÎ ¼¼°èÆòÈ­¿Í Àηù°ø¿µ¿¡ À̹ÙÁöÇÔÀ¸·Î½á ¿ì¸®µé°ú ¿ì¸®µéÀÇ ÀÚ¼ÕÀÇ ¾ÈÀü°ú ÀÚÀ¯¿Í ÇູÀ» ¿µ¿øÈ÷ È®º¸ÇÒ °ÍÀ» ´ÙÁüÇϸ鼭 1948³â 7¿ù 12ÀÏ¿¡ Á¦Á¤µÇ°í 8Â÷¿¡ °ÉÃÄ °³Á¤µÈ Çå¹ýÀ» ÀÌÁ¦ ±¹È¸ÀÇ ÀǰáÀ» °ÅÃÄ ±¹¹ÎÅõÇ¥¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© °³Á¤ÇÑ´Ù. 1987³â 10¿ù 29ÀÏ

We the people of Korea, proud of a resplendent history and traditions dating from time immemorial, upholding the cause of the Provisional Republic of Korea Government born of the March First Independence Movement of 1919 and the democratic ideals of the April Nineteenth Uprising of 1960 against injustice, having assumed the mission of democratic reform and peaceful unification of our homeland and having determined to consolidate national unity with Justice, humanitarianism and brotherly love, and To destroy all social vices and injustice, and To afford equal opportunities to every person and provide for the fullest development of individual capabilities in all fields, including political, economic, social and cultural life by further strengthening the basic free and democratic order conducive to private initiative and public harmony, and To help each person discharge those duties and responsibilities concomitant to freedoms and rights, and To elevate the quality of life for all citizens and contribute to lasting world peace and the common prosperity of mankind and thereby to ensure security, liberty and happiness for ourselves and our posterity forever, Do hereby amend, through national referendum following a resolution by the National Assembly, the Constitution, ordained and established on the Twelfth Day of July anno Domini Nineteen hundred and forty-eight, and amended eight times subsequently.

Á¦1Àå ÃѰ­

CHAPTER I. GENERAL PROVISIONS

Á¦1Á¶

ARTICLE 1

¨ç ´ëÇѹα¹Àº ¹ÎÁÖ°øÈ­±¹ÀÌ´Ù. ¨è ´ëÇѹα¹ÀÇ ÁÖ±ÇÀº ±¹¹Î¿¡°Ô ÀÖ°í, ¸ðµç ±Ç·ÂÀº ±¹¹ÎÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ³ª¿Â´Ù.

(1) The Republic of Korea shall be a democratic republic. (2) The sovereignty of the Republic of Korea shall reside in the people, and all state authority shall emanate from the people.

Á¦2Á¶

ARTICLE 2

¨ç ´ëÇѹα¹ÀÇ ±¹¹ÎÀÌ µÇ´Â ¿ä°ÇÀº ¹ý·ü·Î Á¤ÇÑ´Ù. ¨è ±¹°¡´Â ¹ý·üÀÌ Á¤ÇÏ´Â ¹Ù¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© Àç¿Ü±¹¹ÎÀ» º¸È£ÇÒ Àǹ«¸¦ Áø´Ù.

(1) Nationality in the Republic of Korea shall be prescribed by law. (2) It shall be the duty of the State to protect citizens residing abroad as prescribed by law.

Á¦3Á¶

ARTICLE 3

´ëÇѹα¹ÀÇ ¿µÅä´Â Çѹݵµ¿Í ±× ºÎ¼Óµµ¼­·Î ÇÑ´Ù.

The territory of the Republic of Korea shall consist of the Korean peninsula and its adjacent islands.

Á¦4Á¶

ARTICLE 4

´ëÇѹα¹Àº ÅëÀÏÀ» ÁöÇâÇϸç, ÀÚÀ¯¹ÎÁÖÀû ±âº»Áú¼­¿¡ ÀÔ°¢ÇÑ ÆòÈ­Àû ÅëÀÏÁ¤Ã¥À» ¼ö¸³Çϰí À̸¦ ÃßÁøÇÑ´Ù.

The Republic of Korea shall seek unification and shall formulate and carry out a policy of peaceful unification based on the principles of freedom and democracy.

Á¦5Á¶

ARTICLE 5

¨ç ´ëÇѹα¹Àº ±¹Á¦ÆòÈ­ÀÇ À¯Áö¿¡ ³ë·ÂÇϰí ħ·«Àû ÀüÀïÀ» ºÎÀÎÇÑ´Ù. ¨è ±¹±ºÀº ±¹°¡ÀÇ ¾ÈÀüº¸Àå°ú ±¹Å乿À§ÀÇ ½Å¼ºÇÑ Àǹ«¸¦ ¼öÇàÇÔÀ» »ç¸íÀ¸·Î Çϸç, ±× Á¤Ä¡Àû Á߸³¼ºÀº ÁؼöµÈ´Ù.

(1) The Republic of Korea shall endeavor to maintain international peace and shall renounce all aggressive wars. (2) The Armed Forces shall be charged with the sacred mission of national security and the defense of the land and their political neutrality shall be maintained.

Á¦6Á¶

ARTICLE 6

¨ç Çå¹ý¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© ü°á ¡¤ °øÆ÷µÈ Á¶¾à°ú ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î ½ÂÀÎµÈ ±¹Á¦¹ý±Ô´Â ±¹³»¹ý°ú °°Àº È¿·ÂÀ» °¡Áø´Ù. ¨è ¿Ü±¹ÀÎÀº ±¹Á¦¹ý°ú Á¶¾àÀÌ Á¤ÇÏ´Â ¹Ù¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© ±× ÁöÀ§°¡ º¸ÀåµÈ´Ù.

(1) Treaties duly concluded and promulgated under the Constitution and the generally recognized rule of international law shall have the same effect as the domestic laws of the Republic of Korea. (2) The status of aliens shall be guaranteed as prescribed by international law and treaties.

Á¦7Á¶

ARTICLE 7

¨ç °ø¹«¿øÀº ±¹¹ÎÀüü¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ºÀ»çÀÚÀ̸ç, ±¹¹Î¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© Ã¥ÀÓÀ» Áø´Ù. ¨è °ø¹«¿øÀÇ ½ÅºÐ°ú Á¤Ä¡Àû Á߸³¼ºÀº ¹ý·üÀÌ Á¤ÇÏ´Â ¹Ù¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© º¸ÀåµÈ´Ù.

(1) All public officials shall be servants of the entire people and shall be responsible to the people. (2) The status and political impartiality of public officials shall be guaranteed as prescribed by law.

Á¦8Á¶

ARTICLE 8

¨ç Á¤´çÀÇ ¼³¸³Àº ÀÚÀ¯À̸ç, º¹¼öÁ¤´çÁ¦´Â º¸ÀåµÈ´Ù. ¨è Á¤´çÀº ±× ¸ñÀû ¡¤ Á¶Á÷°ú Ȱµ¿ÀÌ ¹ÎÁÖÀûÀ̾î¾ß Çϸç, ±¹¹ÎÀÇ Á¤Ä¡Àû ÀÇ»çÇü¼º¿¡ Âü¿©Çϴµ¥ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ Á¶Á÷À» °¡Á®¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ¨é Á¤´çÀº ¹ý·üÀÌ Á¤ÇÏ´Â ¹Ù¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© ±¹°¡ÀÇ º¸È£¸¦ ¹ÞÀ¸¸ç, ±¹°¡´Â ¹ý·üÀÌ Á¤ÇÏ´Â ¹Ù¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© Á¤´ç¿î¿µ¿¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ ÀÚ±ÝÀ» º¸Á¶ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ¨ê Á¤´çÀÇ ¸ñÀûÀ̳ª Ȱµ¿ÀÌ ¹ÎÁÖÀû ±âº»Áú¼­¿¡ À§¹èµÉ ¶§¿¡´Â Á¤ºÎ´Â Çå¹ýÀçÆÇ¼Ò¿¡ ±× ÇØ»êÀ» Á¦¼ÒÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ°í, Á¤´çÀº Çå¹ýÀçÆÇ¼ÒÀÇ ½ÉÆÇ¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© ÇØ»êµÈ´Ù.

(1) The establishment of political parties shall be free, and the plural party system shall be guaranteed. (2) Political parties shall be democratic in their objectives, organization and activities, and shall have the necessary organizational arrangements for the people to participate in the formation of the political will. (3) Political parties shall enjoy the protection of the State and may be provided with operational funds by the State under the conditions as prescribed by law. (4) If the purposes or activities of a political party are contrary to the fundamental democratic order, the Government may bring action against it in the Constitution Court for its dissolution, and, the political party shall be dissolved in accordance with the decision of the Constitution Court.

Á¦9Á¶

ARTICLE 9

±¹°¡´Â ÀüÅ빮ȭÀÇ °è½Â ¡¤ ¹ßÀü°ú ¹ÎÁ·¹®È­ÀÇ Ã¢´Þ¿¡ ³ë·ÂÇÏ¿©¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.

The State shall strive to sustain and develop the cultural heritage and to enhance national culture.

Á¦2Àå ±¹¹ÎÀÇ ±Ç¸®¿Í Àǹ«

CHAPTER II. RIGHTS AND DUTIES OF CITIZENS

Á¦10Á¶

ARTICLE 10

¸ðµç ±¹¹ÎÀº Àΰ£À¸·Î¼­ÀÇ Á¸¾ö°ú °¡Ä¡¸¦ °¡Áö¸ç, ÇູÀ» Ãß±¸ÇÒ ±Ç¸®¸¦ °¡Áø´Ù. ±¹°¡´Â °³ÀÎÀÌ °¡Áö´Â ºÒ°¡Ä§ÀÇ ±âº»Àû ÀαÇÀ» È®ÀÎÇϰí À̸¦ º¸ÀåÇÒ Àǹ«¸¦ Áø´Ù.

All citizens shall be assured of human worth and dignity and have the right to pursue happiness. It shall be the duty of the State to confirm and guarantee the fundamental and inviolable human rights of individuals.

Á¦11Á¶

ARTICLE 11

¨ç ¸ðµç ±¹¹ÎÀº ¹ý ¾Õ¿¡ ÆòµîÇÏ´Ù. ´©±¸µçÁö ¼ºº° ¡¤ Á¾±³ ¶Ç´Â »çȸÀû ½ÅºÐ¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© Á¤Ä¡Àû ¡¤ °æÁ¦Àû ¡¤ »çȸÀû ¡¤ ¹®È­Àû »ýȰÀÇ ¸ðµç ¿µ¿ª¿¡ À־ Â÷º°À» ¹ÞÁö ¾Æ´ÏÇÑ´Ù. ¨è »çȸÀû Ư¼ö°è±ÞÀÇ Á¦µµ´Â ÀÎÁ¤µÇÁö ¾Æ´ÏÇϸç, ¾î¶°ÇÑ ÇüÅ·εµ À̸¦ â¼³ÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù. ¨é ÈÆÀåµîÀÇ ¿µÀüÀº À̸¦ ¹ÞÀº ÀÚ¿¡°Ô¸¸ È¿·ÂÀÌ ÀÖ°í, ¾î¶°ÇÑ Æ¯±Çµµ ÀÌ¿¡ µû¸£Áö ¾Æ´ÏÇÑ´Ù.

(1) All citizens shall be equal before the law, and there shall be no discrimination in political, economic, social or cultural life on account of sex, religion or social status, (2) No privileged caste shall be recognized or ever established in any form. (3) The awarding of decorations or distinctions of honor in any form shall be effective only for recipients, and no privileges shall ensue therefrom.

Á¦12Á¶

ARTICLE 12

¨ç ¸ðµç ±¹¹ÎÀº ½ÅüÀÇ ÀÚÀ¯¸¦ °¡Áø´Ù. ´©±¸µçÁö ¹ý·ü¿¡ ÀÇÇÏÁö ¾Æ´ÏÇϰí´Â üÆ÷ ¡¤ ±¸¼Ó ¡¤ ¾Ð¼ö ¡¤ ¼ö»ö ¶Ç´Â ½É¹®À» ¹ÞÁö ¾Æ´ÏÇϸç, ¹ý·ü°ú Àû¹ýÇÑ ÀýÂ÷¿¡ ÀÇÇÏÁö ¾Æ´ÏÇϰí´Â ó¹ú ¡¤ º¸¾ÈóºÐ ¶Ç´Â °­Á¦³ë¿ªÀ» ¹ÞÁö ¾Æ´ÏÇÑ´Ù. ¨è ¸ðµç ±¹¹ÎÀº °í¹®À» ¹ÞÁö ¾Æ´ÏÇϸç, Çü»ç»ó Àڱ⿡°Ô ºÒ¸®ÇÑ Áø¼úÀ» °­¿ä´çÇÏÁö ¾Æ´ÏÇÑ´Ù. ¨é üÆ÷ ¡¤ ±¸¼Ó ¡¤ ¾Ð¼ö ¶Ç´Â ¼ö»öÀ» ÇÒ ¶§¿¡´Â Àû¹ýÇÑ ÀýÂ÷¿¡ µû¶ó °Ë»çÀÇ ½Åû¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© ¹ý°üÀÌ ¹ßºÎÇÑ ¿µÀåÀ» Á¦½ÃÇÏ¿©¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ´Ù¸¸, ÇöÇà¹üÀÎÀÎ °æ¿ì¿Í Àå±â 3¿¬ÀÌ»óÀÇ Çü¿¡ ÇØ´çÇÏ´Â Á˸¦ ¹üÇÏ°í µµÇÇ ¶Ç´Â Áõ°ÅÀθêÀÇ ¿°·Á°¡ ÀÖÀ» ¶§¿¡´Â »çÈÄ¿¡ ¿µÀåÀ» û±¸ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ¨ê ´©±¸µçÁö üÆ÷ ¶Ç´Â ±¸¼ÓÀ» ´çÇÑ ¶§¿¡´Â Áï½Ã º¯È£ÀÎÀÇ Á¶·ÂÀ» ¹ÞÀ» ±Ç¸®¸¦ °¡Áø´Ù. ´Ù¸¸, Çü»çÇǰíÀÎÀÌ ½º½º·Î º¯È£ÀÎÀ» ±¸ÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ» ¶§¿¡´Â ¹ý·üÀÌ Á¤ÇÏ´Â ¹Ù¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© ±¹°¡°¡ º¯È£ÀÎÀ» ºÙÀδÙ. ¨ë ´©±¸µçÁö üÆ÷ ¶Ç´Â ±¸¼ÓÀÇ ÀÌÀ¯¿Í º¯È£ÀÎÀÇ Á¶·ÂÀ» ¹ÞÀ» ±Ç¸®°¡ ÀÖÀ½À» °íÁö¹ÞÁö ¾Æ´ÏÇϰí´Â üÆ÷ ¶Ç´Â ±¸¼ÓÀ» ´çÇÏÁö ¾Æ´ÏÇÑ´Ù. üÆ÷ ¶Ç´Â ±¸¼ÓÀ» ´çÇÑ ÀÚÀÇ °¡Á·µî ¹ý·üÀÌ Á¤ÇÏ´Â ÀÚ¿¡°Ô´Â ±× ÀÌÀ¯¿Í ÀϽà ¡¤ Àå¼Ò°¡ Áöü¾øÀÌ ÅëÁöµÇ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ¨ì ´©±¸µçÁö üÆ÷ ¶Ç´Â ±¸¼ÓÀ» ´çÇÑ ¶§¿¡´Â ÀûºÎÀÇ ½É»ç¸¦ ¹ý¿ø¿¡ û±¸ÇÒ ±Ç¸®¸¦ °¡Áø´Ù. ¨í ÇǰíÀÎÀÇ ÀÚ¹éÀÌ °í¹® ¡¤ ÆøÇà ¡¤ Çù¹Ú ¡¤ ±¸¼ÓÀÇ ºÎ´çÇÑ Àå±âÈ­ ¶Ç´Â ±â¸Á ±âŸÀÇ ¹æ¹ý¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© ÀÚÀÇ·Î Áø¼úµÈ °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó°í ÀÎÁ¤µÉ ¶§ ¶Ç´Â Á¤½ÄÀçÆÇ¿¡ À־ ÇǰíÀÎÀÇ ÀÚ¹éÀÌ ±×¿¡°Ô ºÒ¸®ÇÑ À¯ÀÏÇÑ Áõ°ÅÀÏ ¶§¿¡´Â À̸¦ À¯ÁËÀÇ Áõ°Å·Î »ï°Å³ª À̸¦ ÀÌÀ¯·Î ó¹úÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù.

(1) All citizens shall enjoy personal liberty. No person shall be arrested, detained, searched, seized or interrogated except as provided by law. No person shall be punished, placed under preventive restrictions or subject to involuntary labor except as provided by law and through lawful procedures. (2) No citizens shall be tortured or be compelled to testify against himself in criminal cases. (3) Warrants issued by a judge through due procedures upon the request of a prosecutor shall be presented in case of arrest, detention, seizure or search: Provided, that in a case where a criminal suspect is a apprehended flagrante delicto, or where there is danger that a person suspected of committing a crime punishable by imprisonment of three years or more may escape or destroy evidence, investigative authorities may request an ex post facto warrant. (4) Any person who is arrested or detained shall have the right to prompt assistance of counsel. When a criminal defendant is unable to secure counsel by his own efforts, the State shall assign counsel for the defendant as prescribed by law. (5) No person shall be arrested or detained without being informed of the reason therefor and of his right to assistance of counsel. The family, etc., as designated by law, of a person arrested or detained shall. be notified without delay of the reason for and the time and place of the arrest or detention. (6) Any person who is arrested or detained, shall have the right to request the court to review the legality of the arrest or detention. (7) In a case where a confession is deemed to have been made against a defendant's will due to torture, violence, intimidation, unduly prolonged arrest, deceit or etc., or in a case where a confession is the only evidence against a defendant in a formal trial, such a confession shall not be admitted as evidence of guilt, nor shall a defendant be punished by reason of such a confession.

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ARTICLE 13

¨ç ¸ðµç ±¹¹ÎÀº ÇàÀ§½ÃÀÇ ¹ý·ü¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© ¹üÁ˸¦ ±¸¼ºÇÏÁö ¾Æ´ÏÇÏ´Â ÇàÀ§·Î ¼ÒÃßµÇÁö ¾Æ´ÏÇϸç, µ¿ÀÏÇÑ ¹üÁË¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© °Åµì ó¹ú¹ÞÁö ¾Æ´ÏÇÑ´Ù. ¨è ¸ðµç ±¹¹ÎÀº ¼Ò±ÞÀÔ¹ý¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© ÂüÁ¤±ÇÀÇ Á¦ÇÑÀ» ¹Þ°Å³ª Àç»ê±ÇÀ» ¹ÚÅ»´çÇÏÁö ¾Æ´ÏÇÑ´Ù. ¨é ¸ðµç ±¹¹ÎÀº ÀÚ±âÀÇ ÇàÀ§°¡ ¾Æ´Ñ Ä£Á·ÀÇ ÇàÀ§·Î ÀÎÇÏ¿© ºÒÀÌÀÍÇÑ Ã³¿ì¸¦ ¹ÞÁö ¾Æ´ÏÇÑ´Ù.

(1) No citizen shell be prosecuted for an act which does not constitute a crime under the law in force at the time it was committed, nor shall he be placed in double jeopardy. (2) No restrictions shall be imposed upon the political rights of any citizen, nor shall any person be deprived of property rights by means of retroactive legislation. (3) No citizen shall suffer unfavorable treatment on account of an act not of his own doing but committed by a relative.

Á¦14Á¶

ARTICLE 14

¸ðµç ±¹¹ÎÀº °ÅÁÖ ¡¤ ÀÌÀüÀÇ ÀÚÀ¯¸¦ °¡Áø´Ù.

All citizens shall enjoy freedom of residence and the right to move at will.

Á¦15Á¶

ARTICLE 15

¸ðµç ±¹¹ÎÀº Á÷¾÷¼±ÅÃÀÇ ÀÚÀ¯¸¦ °¡Áø´Ù.

All citizens shall enjoy freedom of occupation.

Á¦16Á¶

ARTICLE 16

¸ðµç ±¹¹ÎÀº ÁÖ°ÅÀÇ ÀÚÀ¯¸¦ Ä§ÇØ¹ÞÁö ¾Æ´ÏÇÑ´Ù. ÁÖ°Å¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¾Ð¼ö³ª ¼ö»öÀ»ÇÒ ¶§¿¡´Â °Ë»çÀÇ ½Åû¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© ¹ý°üÀÌ ¹ßºÎÇÑ ¿µÀåÀ» Á¦½ÃÇÏ¿©¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.

All citizens shall be free from intrusion into their place of residence. In case of search or seizure in a residence, a warrant issued by a judge upon request of a prosecutor shall be presented.

Á¦17Á¶

ARTICLE 17

¸ðµç ±¹¹ÎÀº »ç»ýȰÀÇ ºñ¹Ð°ú ÀÚÀ¯¸¦ Ä§ÇØ¹ÞÁö ¾Æ´ÏÇÑ´Ù.

The privacy of no citizen shall be infringed.

Á¦18Á¶

ARTICLE 18

¸ðµç ±¹¹ÎÀº Åë½ÅÀÇ ºñ¹ÐÀ» Ä§ÇØ¹ÞÁö ¾Æ´ÏÇÑ´Ù.

The privacy of correspondence of no citizen shall be infringed.

Á¦19Á¶

ARTICLE 19

¸ðµç ±¹¹ÎÀº ¾ç½ÉÀÇ ÀÚÀ¯¸¦ °¡Áø´Ù.

All citizens shall enjoy freedom of conscience.

Á¦20Á¶

ARTICLE 20

¨ç ¸ðµç ±¹¹ÎÀº Á¾±³ÀÇ ÀÚÀ¯¸¦ °¡Áø´Ù. ¨è ±¹±³´Â ÀÎÁ¤µÇÁö ¾Æ´ÏÇϸç, Á¾±³¿Í Á¤Ä¡´Â ºÐ¸®µÈ´Ù.

(1) All citizens shall enjoy freedom of religion. (2) No state religion shall be recognized, and church and state shall be separated.

Á¦21Á¶

ARTICLE 21

¨ç ¸ðµç ±¹¹ÎÀº ¾ð·Ð ¡¤ ÃâÆÇÀÇ ÀÚÀ¯¿Í Áýȸ ¡¤ °á»çÀÇ ÀÚÀ¯¸¦ °¡Áø´Ù. ¨è ¾ð·Ð ¡¤ ÃâÆÇ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Çã°¡³ª °Ë¿­°ú Áýȸ ¡¤ °á»ç¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Çã°¡´Â ÀÎÁ¤µÇÁö ¾Æ´ÏÇÑ´Ù. ¨é Åë½Å ¡¤ ¹æ¼ÛÀÇ ½Ã¼³±âÁذú ½Å¹®ÀÇ ±â´ÉÀ» º¸ÀåÇϱâ À§ÇÏ¿© ÇÊ¿äÇÑ »çÇ×Àº ¹ý·ü·Î Á¤ÇÑ´Ù. ¨ê ¾ð·Ð ¡¤ ÃâÆÇÀº ŸÀÎÀÇ ¸í¿¹³ª ±Ç¸® ¶Ç´Â °øÁßµµ´öÀ̳ª »çȸÀ±¸®¸¦ Ä§ÇØÇÏ¿©¼­´Â ¾Æ´ÏµÈ´Ù. ¾ð·Ð ¡¤ ÃâÆÇÀÌ Å¸ÀÎÀÇ ¸í¿¹³ª ±Ç¸®¸¦ Ä§ÇØÇÑ ¶§¿¡´Â ÇÇÇØÀÚ´Â ÀÌ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÇÇÇØÀÇ ¹è»óÀ» û±¸ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.

(1) All citizens shall enjoy freedom of speech and the press, and freedom of assembly and association. (2) Licensing or censorship of speech and the press, and licensing of assembly and association shall not be recognized. (3) The standard of news service and broadcast facilities and matters necessary to ensure the functions of newspapers shall be determined by law. (4) Neither speech nor the press shall violate the honor or rights of other persons nor undermine public morals or social ethics. Should speech or the press violate the honor or rights of other persons, claims may be made for the damage resulting therefrom.

Á¦22Á¶

ARTICLE 22

¨ç ¸ðµç ±¹¹ÎÀº Çй®°ú ¿¹¼úÀÇ ÀÚÀ¯¸¦ °¡Áø´Ù. ¨è ÀúÀÛÀÚ ¡¤ ¹ß¸í°¡ ¡¤ °úÇбâ¼úÀÚ¿Í ¿¹¼ú°¡ÀÇ ±Ç¸®´Â ¹ý·ü·Î½á º¸È£ÇÑ´Ù.

(1) All citizens shall enjoy freedom of learning and the arts. (2) The rights of authors, inventors scientists, engineers and artists shall be protected by law.

Á¦23Á¶

ARTICLE 23

¨ç ¸ðµç ±¹¹ÎÀÇ Àç»ê±ÇÀº º¸ÀåµÈ´Ù. ±× ³»¿ë°ú ÇѰè´Â ¹ý·ü·Î Á¤ÇÑ´Ù. ¨è Àç»ê±ÇÀÇ Çà»ç´Â °ø°øº¹¸®¿¡ ÀûÇÕÇϵµ·Ï ÇÏ¿©¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ¨é °ø°øÇʿ信 ÀÇÇÑ Àç»ê±ÇÀÇ ¼ö¿ë ¡¤ »ç¿ë ¶Ç´Â Á¦ÇÑ ¹× ±×¿¡ ´ëÇÑ º¸»óÀº ¹ý·ü·Î½á ÇϵÇ, Á¤´çÇÑ º¸»óÀ» Áö±ÞÇÏ¿©¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.

(1) The right of property rights of all citizens shall be guaranteed. the contents and limitations thereof shall be determined by law. (2) The exercise of property rights shall confirm to the public welfare. (3) Expropriation, use or restriction of private property from public necessity and compensation therefor shall be governed by law. However, in such a case, just compensation shall be paid.

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ARTICLE 24

¸ðµç ±¹¹ÎÀº ¹ý·üÀÌ Á¤ÇÏ´Â ¹Ù¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© ¼±°Å±ÇÀ» °¡Áø´Ù.

All citizens shall have the right to vote under the conditions as prescribed by law.

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ARTICLE 25

¸ðµç ±¹¹ÎÀº ¹ý·üÀÌ Á¤ÇÏ´Â ¹Ù¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© °ø¹«´ãÀÓ±ÇÀ» °¡Áø´Ù.

All citizens shall have the right to hold public office under the conditions as prescribed by law.

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ARTICLE 26

¨ç ¸ðµç ±¹¹ÎÀº ¹ý·üÀÌ Á¤ÇÏ´Â ¹Ù¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© ±¹°¡±â°ü¿¡ ¹®¼­·Î û¿øÇÒ ±Ç¸®¸¦ °¡Áø´Ù. ¨è ±¹°¡´Â û¿ø¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© ½É»çÇÒ Àǹ«¸¦ Áø´Ù.

(1) All citizens shall have the right to petition in writing to any governmental agency under the conditions as prescribed by law. (2) The State shall be obligated to examine all such petitions.

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ARTICLE 27

¨ç ¸ðµç ±¹¹ÎÀº Çå¹ý°ú ¹ý·üÀÌ Á¤ÇÑ ¹ý°ü¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© ¹ý·ü¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ÀçÆÇÀ» ¹ÞÀ» ±Ç¸®¸¦ °¡Áø´Ù. ¨è ±ºÀÎ ¶Ç´Â ±º¹«¿øÀÌ ¾Æ´Ñ ±¹¹ÎÀº ´ëÇѹα¹ÀÇ ¿µ¿ª ¾È¿¡¼­´Â Áß´ëÇÑ ±º»ç»ó ±â¹Ð ¡¤ Ãʺ´ ¡¤ ÃÊ¼Ò ¡¤ À¯µ¶À½½Ä¹°°ø±Þ ¡¤ Æ÷·Î ¡¤ ±º¿ë¹°¿¡ °üÇÑ ÁËÁß ¹ý·üÀÌ Á¤ÇÑ °æ¿ì¿Í ºñ»ó°è¾öÀÌ ¼±Æ÷µÈ °æ¿ì¸¦ Á¦¿ÜÇϰí´Â ±º»ç¹ý¿øÀÇ ÀçÆÇÀ» ¹ÞÁö ¾Æ´ÏÇÑ´Ù. ¨é ¸ðµç ±¹¹ÎÀº ½Å¼ÓÇÑ ÀçÆÇÀ» ¹ÞÀ» ±Ç¸®¸¦ °¡Áø´Ù. Çü»çÇǰíÀÎÀº »ó´çÇÑ ÀÌÀ¯°¡ ¾ø´Â ÇÑ Áöü¾øÀÌ °ø°³ÀçÆÇÀ» ¹ÞÀ» ±Ç¸®¸¦ °¡Áø´Ù. ¨ê Çü»çÇǰíÀÎÀº À¯ÁËÀÇ ÆÇ°áÀÌ È®Á¤µÉ ¶§±îÁö´Â ¹«ÁË·Î ÃßÁ¤µÈ´Ù. ¨ë Çü»çÇÇÇØÀÚ´Â ¹ý·üÀÌ Á¤ÇÏ´Â ¹Ù¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© ´çÇØ »ç°ÇÀÇ ÀçÆÇÀýÂ÷¿¡¼­ Áø¼úÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.

(1) All citizens shall have the right to be tried in conformity with he law by judges qualified under the Constitution and the law. (2) Citizens who are not on active military service or employees of the military forces shall not be tried by a court martial within the territory of the Republic of Korea , except in case of crimes as prescribed by law involving important classified military information, sentinels, sentry posts, the supply of harmful food and beverages, prisoners of war and military articles and facilities and in the case of the proclamation of extraordinary martial law. (3) All citizens shall have the right to a speedy trial. The accused shall have the right to a public trial without delay in the absence of justifiable reasons to the contrary. (4) The accused shall be presumed innocent until a judgment of guilt has been pronounced. (5) A victim of a crime shall be entitled to make a statement during the proceedings of the trial of the case involved as under the conditions prescribed by law.

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ARTICLE 28

Çü»çÇÇÀÇÀÚ ¶Ç´Â Çü»çÇǰíÀÎÀ¸·Î¼­ ±¸±ÝµÇ¾ú´ø ÀÚ°¡ ¹ý·üÀÌ Á¤ÇÏ´Â ºÒ±â¼ÒóºÐÀ» ¹Þ°Å³ª ¹«ÁËÆÇ°áÀ» ¹ÞÀº ¶§¿¡´Â ¹ý·üÀÌ Á¤ÇÏ´Â ¹Ù¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© ±¹°¡¿¡ Á¤´çÇÑ º¸»óÀ» û±¸ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.

In a case where a criminal suspect or an accused person who has been placed under detention is not indicted as provided by law or is acquitted by a court, he shall be entitled to claim just compensation from the State under the conditions as prescribed by law.

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ARTICLE 29

¨ç °ø¹«¿øÀÇ Á÷¹«»ó ºÒ¹ýÇàÀ§·Î ¼ÕÇØ¸¦ ¹ÞÀº ±¹¹ÎÀº ¹ý·üÀÌ Á¤ÇÏ´Â ¹Ù¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© ±¹°¡ ¶Ç´Â °ø°ø´Üü¿¡ Á¤´çÇÑ ¹è»óÀ» û±¸ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ °æ¿ì °ø¹«¿ø ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ Ã¥ÀÓÀº ¸éÁ¦µÇÁö ¾Æ´ÏÇÑ´Ù. ¨è ±ºÀÎ ¡¤ ±º¹«¿ø ¡¤ °æÂû°ø¹«¿ø ±âŸ ¹ý·üÀÌ Á¤ÇÏ´Â ÀÚ°¡ ÀüÅõ ¡¤ ÈÆ·Ãµî Á÷¹«ÁýÇà°ú °ü·ÃÇÏ¿© ¹ÞÀº ¼ÕÇØ¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿©´Â ¹ý·üÀÌ Á¤ÇÏ´Â º¸»ó¿Ü¿¡ ±¹°¡ ¶Ç´Â °ø°ø´Üü¿¡ °ø¹«¿øÀÇ Á÷¹«»ó ºÒ¹ýÇàÀ§·Î ÀÎÇÑ ¹è»óÀº û±¸ÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù.

(1) In case a person has sustained damages by an unlawful act committed by a public official in the course of official duties, he may claim just compensation from the State or public organization under the conditions as prescribed by law. In this case, the public official concerned shall not be immune from liabilities. (2) In case a person on active military service or an employee of the military forces, a police official or others as prescribed by law sustains damages in connection with the performance of official duties such as combat action, drill and so forth, he shall not be entitled to a claim against the State or public organization on the grounds of unlawful acts committed by public officials in the course of official duties, but shall be entitled only to compensations as prescribed by law.

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ARTICLE 30

ŸÀÎÀÇ ¹üÁËÇàÀ§·Î ÀÎÇÏ¿© »ý¸í ¡¤ ½Åü¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÇÇÇØ¸¦ ¹ÞÀº ±¹¹ÎÀº ¹ý·üÀÌ Á¤ÇÏ´Â ¹Ù¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© ±¹°¡·ÎºÎÅÍ ±¸Á¶¸¦ ¹ÞÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.

Citizens who have suffered bodily injury or death due to criminal acts of others may receive aid from the State under the conditions as prescribed by law.

Á¦31Á¶

ARTICLE 31

¨ç ¸ðµç ±¹¹ÎÀº ´É·Â¿¡ µû¶ó ±ÕµîÇÏ°Ô ±³À°À» ¹ÞÀ» ±Ç¸®¸¦ °¡Áø´Ù. ¨è ¸ðµç ±¹¹ÎÀº ±× º¸È£ÇÏ´Â Àڳ࿡°Ô Àû¾îµµ ÃʵÀ°°ú ¹ý·üÀÌ Á¤ÇÏ´Â ±³À°À» ¹Þ°Ô ÇÒ Àǹ«¸¦ Áø´Ù. ¨é Àǹ«±³À°Àº ¹«»óÀ¸·Î ÇÑ´Ù. ¨ê ±³À°ÀÇ ÀÚÁÖ¼º ¡¤ Àü¹®¼º ¡¤ Á¤Ä¡Àû Á߸³¼º ¹× ´ëÇÐÀÇ ÀÚÀ²¼ºÀº ¹ý·üÀÌ Á¤ÇÏ´Â ¹Ù¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© º¸ÀåµÈ´Ù. ¨ë ±¹°¡´Â Æò»ý±³À°À» ÁøÈïÇÏ¿©¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ¨ì Çб³±³À° ¹× Æò»ý±³À°À» Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ ±³À°Á¦µµ¿Í ±× ¿î¿µ, ±³À°ÀçÁ¤ ¹× ±³¿øÀÇ ÁöÀ§¿¡ °üÇÑ ±âº»ÀûÀÎ »çÇ×Àº ¹ý·ü·Î Á¤ÇÑ´Ù.

(1) All citizens shall have an equal right to receive an education corresponding to their abilities. (2) All citizens who have children to support shall be responsible at least for their elementary education and other education as provided by law. (3) Compulsory education shall be free of charge. (4) Independence, professionalism and political impartiality of education and the autonomy of institutions of higher learning shall be guaranteed under the conditions as prescribed by law. (5) The State shall promote lifelong education. (6) Fundamental matters pertaining to the educational system, including in school and lifelong education, administration, finance, and the status of teachers shall be determined by law.

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ARTICLE 32

¨ç ¸ðµç ±¹¹ÎÀº ±Ù·ÎÀÇ ±Ç¸®¸¦ °¡Áø´Ù. ±¹°¡´Â »çȸÀû ¡¤ °æÁ¦Àû ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î ±Ù·Î ÀÚÀÇ °í¿ëÀÇ ÁõÁø°ú ÀûÁ¤ÀÓ±ÝÀÇ º¸Àå¿¡ ³ë·ÂÇÏ¿©¾ß Çϸç, ¹ý·üÀÌ Á¤ÇÏ´Â ¹Ù¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© ÃÖÀúÀÓ±ÝÁ¦¸¦ ½ÃÇàÇÏ¿©¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ¨è ¸ðµç ±¹¹ÎÀº ±Ù·ÎÀÇ Àǹ«¸¦ Áø´Ù. ±¹°¡´Â ±Ù·ÎÀÇ Àǹ«ÀÇ ³»¿ë°ú Á¶°ÇÀ» ¹ÎÁÖÁÖÀÇ ¿øÄ¢¿¡ µû¶ó ¹ý·ü·Î Á¤ÇÑ´Ù. ¨é ±Ù·ÎÁ¶°ÇÀÇ ±âÁØÀº Àΰ£ÀÇ Á¸¾ö¼ºÀ» º¸ÀåÇϵµ·Ï ¹ý·ü·Î Á¤ÇÑ´Ù. ¨ê ¿©ÀÚÀÇ ±Ù·Î´Â Ưº°ÇÑ º¸È£¸¦ ¹ÞÀ¸¸ç, °í¿ë ¡¤ ÀÓ±Ý ¹× ±Ù·ÎÁ¶°Ç¿¡ À־ ºÎ´çÇÑ Â÷º°À» ¹ÞÁö ¾Æ´ÏÇÑ´Ù. ¨ë ¿¬¼ÒÀÚÀÇ ±Ù·Î´Â Ưº°ÇÑ º¸È£¸¦ ¹Þ´Â´Ù. ¨ì ±¹°¡À¯°øÀÚ ¡¤ »óÀ̱º°æ ¹× Àü¸ô±º°æÀÇ À¯°¡Á·Àº ¹ý·üÀÌ Á¤ÇÏ´Â ¹Ù¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© ¿ì¼±ÀûÀ¸·Î ±Ù·ÎÀÇ ±âȸ¸¦ ºÎ¿©¹Þ´Â´Ù.

(1) All citizens shall have the right to work. The State shall endeavor to promote the employment of workers and to guarantee optimum wages through social and economic means and shall enforce a minimum wage system under the conditions as prescribed by law. (2) All citizens shall have the duty to work. The State shall prescribe by law the extent and conditions of the duty to work in conformity with democratic principles. (3) Standards of working conditions shall be determined by law in such a way as to guarantee human dignity. (4) Special protection shall be accorded to working women, and they shall not be subjected to unjust discrimination in terms of employment, wages and working conditions. (5) Special protection shall be accorded to working children. (6) The opportunity to work shall be accorded preferentially, under the conditions as prescribed by law, to those who have given distinguished service to the State, wounded veterans and policemen, and members of the bereaved families of military servicemen and policemen killed in action.

Á¦33Á¶

ARTICLE 33

¨ç ±Ù·ÎÀÚ´Â ±Ù·ÎÁ¶°ÇÀÇ Çâ»óÀ» À§ÇÏ¿© ÀÚÁÖÀûÀÎ ´Ü°á±Ç ¡¤ ´Üü±³¼·±Ç ¹× ´ÜüÇൿ±ÇÀ» °¡Áø´Ù. ¨è °ø¹«¿øÀÎ ±Ù·ÎÀÚ´Â ¹ý·üÀÌ Á¤ÇÏ´Â ÀÚ¿¡ ÇÑÇÏ¿© ´Ü°á±Ç ¡¤ ´Üü±³¼·±Ç ¹× ´ÜüÇൿ±ÇÀ» °¡Áø´Ù. ¨é ¹ý·üÀÌ Á¤ÇÏ´Â ÁÖ¿ä¹æÀ§»ê¾÷ü¿¡ Á¾»çÇÏ´Â ±Ù·ÎÀÚÀÇ ´ÜüÇൿ±ÇÀº ¹ý·üÀÌ Á¤ÇÏ´Â ¹Ù¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© À̸¦ Á¦ÇÑÇϰųª ÀÎÁ¤ÇÏÁö ¾Æ´ÏÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.

(1) To enhance working conditions, workers shall have the right to independent association, collective bargaining and collective action. (2) Only those public officials who are designated by law, shall have the right to association, collective bargaining and collective action. (3) The right to collective action of workers employed by important defense industries may be either restricted or denied under the conditions as prescribed by law.

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ARTICLE 34

¨ç ¸ðµç ±¹¹ÎÀº Àΰ£´Ù¿î »ýȰÀ» ÇÒ ±Ç¸®¸¦ °¡Áø´Ù. ¨è ±¹°¡´Â »çȸº¸Àå ¡¤ »çȸº¹ÁöÀÇ ÁõÁø¿¡ ³ë·ÂÇÒ Àǹ«¸¦ Áø´Ù. ¨é ±¹°¡´Â ¿©ÀÚÀÇ º¹Áö¿Í ±ÇÀÍÀÇ Çâ»óÀ» À§ÇÏ¿© ³ë·ÂÇÏ¿©¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ¨ê ±¹°¡´Â ³ëÀΰú û¼Ò³âÀÇ º¹ÁöÇâ»óÀ» À§ÇÑ Á¤Ã¥À» ½Ç½ÃÇÒ Àǹ«¸¦ Áø´Ù. ¨ë ½ÅüÀå¾ÖÀÚ ¹× Áúº´ ¡¤ ³ë·É ±âŸÀÇ »çÀ¯·Î »ýȰ´É·ÂÀÌ ¾ø´Â ±¹¹ÎÀº ¹ý·üÀÌ Á¤ÇÏ´Â ¹Ù¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© ±¹°¡ÀÇ º¸È£¸¦ ¹Þ´Â´Ù. ¨ì ±¹°¡´Â ÀçÇØ¸¦ ¿¹¹æÇÏ°í ±× À§ÇèÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ±¹¹ÎÀ» º¸È£Çϱâ À§ÇÏ¿© ³ë·ÂÇÏ¿©¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.

(1) All citizens shall be entitled to a life worthy of human beings. (2) The State shall have the duty to endeavor to promote social security and welfare. (3) The State shall endeavor to promote the welfare and rights of women. (4) The State shall have the duty to implement policies for enhancing the welfare of senior citizen and the young. (5) Citizens who are incapable of earning a livelihood due to a physical disability, disease, old age or other reasons shall be protected by the State under the conditions as prescribed by law. (6) The State shall endeavor to prevent disasters and to protect citizens from harm therefrom.

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ARTICLE 35

¨ç ¸ðµç ±¹¹ÎÀº °Ç°­Çϰí ÄèÀûÇÑ È¯°æ¿¡¼­ »ýȰÇÒ ±Ç¸®¸¦ °¡Áö¸ç, ±¹°¡¿Í ±¹¹ÎÀº ȯ°æº¸ÀüÀ» À§ÇÏ¿© ³ë·ÂÇÏ¿©¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ¨è ȯ°æ±ÇÀÇ ³»¿ë°ú Çà»ç¿¡ °üÇÏ¿©´Â ¹ý·ü·Î Á¤ÇÑ´Ù. ¨é ±¹°¡´Â ÁÖÅð³¹ßÁ¤Ã¥µîÀ» ÅëÇÏ¿© ¸ðµç ±¹¹ÎÀÌ ÄèÀûÇÑ ÁÖ°Å»ýȰÀ» ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ³ë·ÂÇÏ¿©¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.

(1) All citizens shall have the right to a healthy and pleasant environment. The State and all citizens shall endeavor to protect the environment. (2) The substance of the environmental right shall be determined by law. (3) The State shall endeavor to ensure comfortable housing for all citizens through housing development policies and the like.

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ARTICLE 36

¨ç È¥Àΰú °¡Á·»ýȰÀº °³ÀÎÀÇ Á¸¾ö°ú ¾ç¼ºÀÇ ÆòµîÀ» ±âÃÊ·Î ¼º¸³µÇ°í À¯ÁöµÇ¾î¾ß Çϸç, ±¹°¡´Â À̸¦ º¸ÀåÇÑ´Ù. ¨è ±¹°¡´Â ¸ð¼ºÀÇ º¸È£¸¦ À§ÇÏ¿© ³ë·ÂÇÏ¿©¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ¨é ¸ðµç ±¹¹ÎÀº º¸°Ç¿¡ °üÇÏ¿© ±¹°¡ÀÇ º¸È£¸¦ ¹Þ´Â´Ù.

(1) Marriage and family life shall entered into and sustained on the basis of individual dignity and equality of the sexes, and the State shall do everything in its power to achieve that goal. (2) The State shall endeavor to protect mothers. (3) The health of all citizens shall be protected by the State.

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ARTICLE 37

¨ç ±¹¹ÎÀÇ ÀÚÀ¯¿Í ±Ç¸®´Â Çå¹ý¿¡ ¿­°ÅµÇÁö ¾Æ´ÏÇÑ ÀÌÀ¯·Î °æ½ÃµÇÁö ¾Æ´ÏÇÑ´Ù. ¨è ±¹¹ÎÀÇ ¸ðµç ÀÚÀ¯¿Í ±Ç¸®´Â ±¹°¡¾ÈÀüº¸Àå ¡¤ Áú¼­À¯Áö ¶Ç´Â °ø°øº¹¸®¸¦ À§ÇÏ¿© ÇÊ¿äÇÑ °æ¿ì¿¡ ÇÑÇÏ¿© ¹ý·ü·Î½á Á¦ÇÑÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, Á¦ÇÑÇÏ´Â °æ¿ì¿¡µµ ÀÚÀ¯¿Í ±Ç¸®ÀÇ º»ÁúÀûÀÎ ³»¿ëÀ» Ä§ÇØÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù.

(1) Freedoms and rights of citizens shall not be neglected on the rounds that they are not enumerated in the Constitution. (2) The freedoms and rights of citizens may be restricted by law only when necessary for national security, the maintenance of law and order or for public welfare. Even when such restriction is imposed, no essential aspect of the freedom or right shall be violated.

Á¦38Á¶

ARTICLE 38

¸ðµç ±¹¹ÎÀº ¹ý·üÀÌ Á¤ÇÏ´Â ¹Ù¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© ³³¼¼ÀÇ Àǹ«¸¦ Áø´Ù.

All citizens shall have the duty to pay taxes under the conditions as prescribed by law.

Á¦39Á¶

ARTICLE 39

¨ç ¸ðµç ±¹¹ÎÀº ¹ý·üÀÌ Á¤ÇÏ´Â ¹Ù¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© ±¹¹æÀÇ Àǹ«¸¦ Áø´Ù. ¨è ´©±¸µçÁö º´¿ªÀǹ«ÀÇ ÀÌÇàÀ¸·Î ÀÎÇÏ¿© ºÒÀÌÀÍÇÑ Ã³¿ì¸¦ ¹ÞÁö ¾Æ´ÏÇÑ´Ù.

(1) All citizens shall have the duty of national defense under the conditions as prescribed by law. (2) No citizen shall be treated unfavorably on account of the fulfillment of his obligation of military service.

Á¦3Àå ±¹È¸

CHAPTER III. THE NATIONAL ASSEMBLY

Á¦40Á¶

ARTICLE 40

ÀÔ¹ý±ÇÀº ±¹È¸¿¡ ¼ÓÇÑ´Ù.

The legislative power shall be vested in the National Assembly.

Á¦41Á¶

ARTICLE 41

¨ç ±¹È¸´Â ±¹¹ÎÀÇ º¸Åë ¡¤ Æòµî ¡¤ Á÷Á¢ ¡¤ ºñ¹Ð¼±°Å¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© ¼±ÃâµÈ ±¹È¸ÀÇ¿øÀ¸·Î ±¸¼ºÇÑ´Ù. ¨è ±¹È¸ÀÇ¿øÀÇ ¼ö´Â ¹ý·ü·Î Á¤ÇϵÇ, 200ÀÎÀÌ»óÀ¸·Î ÇÑ´Ù. ¨é ±¹È¸ÀÇ¿øÀÇ ¼±°Å±¸¿Í ºñ·Ê´ëÇ¥Á¦ ±âŸ ¼±°Å¿¡ °üÇÑ »çÇ×Àº ¹ý·ü·Î Á¤ÇÑ´Ù.

(1) The National Assembly shall be composed of members elected by universal, equal, direct and secret ballot by the citizens. (2) The number of members of the National Assembly shall be determined by law, but the number shall not be less than 200. (3) The constituencies of members of the National Assembly, proportional representation and other matters pertaining to National Assembly elections shall be determined by law.

Á¦42Á¶

ARTICLE 42

±¹È¸ÀÇ¿øÀÇ ÀÓ±â´Â 4¿¬À¸·Î ÇÑ´Ù.

The term of office of members of the National Assembly shall be four years.

Á¦43Á¶

ARTICLE 43

±¹È¸ÀÇ¿øÀº ¹ý·üÀÌ Á¤ÇÏ´Â Á÷À» °âÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù.

Members of the National Assembly shall not concurrently hold any other office prescribed by law.

Á¦44Á¶

ARTICLE 44

¨ç ±¹È¸ÀÇ¿øÀº ÇöÇà¹üÀÎÀÎ °æ¿ì¸¦ Á¦¿ÜÇϰí´Â ȸ±âÁß ±¹È¸ÀÇ µ¿ÀǾøÀÌ Ã¼Æ÷ ¶Ç´Â ±¸±ÝµÇÁö ¾Æ´ÏÇÑ´Ù. ¨è ±¹È¸ÀÇ¿øÀÌ È¸±âÀü¿¡ üÆ÷ ¶Ç´Â ±¸±ÝµÈ ¶§¿¡´Â ÇöÇà¹üÀÎÀÌ ¾Æ´Ñ ÇÑ ±¹È¸ÀÇ ¿ä±¸°¡ ÀÖÀ¸¸é ȸ±âÁß ¼®¹æµÈ´Ù.

(1) During the sessions of the National Assembly, no member of the National Assembly shall be arrested or detained without the consent of the National Assembly except in case of flagrante delicto. (2) In case of apprehension or detention of a member of the National Assembly prior to the opening of a session, such member shall be released during the session upon the request of the National Assembly, except in case of flagrante delicto.

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ARTICLE 45

±¹È¸ÀÇ¿øÀº ±¹È¸¿¡¼­ Á÷¹«»ó ÇàÇÑ ¹ß¾ð°ú Ç¥°á¿¡ °üÇÏ¿© ±¹È¸¿Ü¿¡¼­ Ã¥ÀÓÀ» ÁöÁö ¾Æ´ÏÇÑ´Ù.

No member of the National Assembly shall be held responsible out side the National Assembly for opinions officially expressed or votes cast in the Assembly.

Á¦46Á¶

ARTICLE 46

¨ç ±¹È¸ÀÇ¿øÀº û·ÅÀÇ Àǹ«°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. ¨è ±¹È¸ÀÇ¿øÀº ±¹°¡ÀÌÀÍÀ» ¿ì¼±ÇÏ¿© ¾ç½É¿¡ µû¶ó Á÷¹«¸¦ ÇàÇÑ´Ù. ¨é ±¹È¸ÀÇ¿øÀº ±× ÁöÀ§¸¦ ³²¿ëÇÏ¿© ±¹°¡ ¡¤ °ø°ø´Üü ¶Ç´Â ±â¾÷ü¿ÍÀÇ °è¾àÀ̳ª ±× óºÐ¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© Àç»ê»óÀÇ ±Ç¸® ¡¤ ÀÌÀÍ ¶Ç´Â Á÷À§¸¦ ÃëµæÇϰųª ŸÀÎÀ» À§ÇÏ¿© ±× ÃëµæÀ» ¾Ë¼±ÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù.

(1) Members of the National Assembly shall have the duty to maintain high standards of integrity. (2) Members of the National Assembly shall give preference to National interests and shall perform their duties in accordance with conscience. (3) Members of the National Assembly shall not acquire, through abuse of their positions, rights and interests in property or positions, or assist other persons to acquire the same, by means of contracts with or dispositions by the State, public organizations or industries.

Á¦47Á¶

ARTICLE 47

¨ç ±¹È¸ÀÇ Á¤±âȸ´Â ¹ý·üÀÌ Á¤ÇÏ´Â ¹Ù¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© ¸Å³â 1ȸ ÁýȸµÇ¸ç, ±¹È¸ÀÇ ÀÓ½Ãȸ´Â ´ëÅë·É ¶Ç´Â ±¹È¸ÀçÀûÀÇ¿ø 4ºÐÀÇ 1ÀÌ»óÀÇ ¿ä±¸¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© ÁýȸµÈ´Ù. ¨è Á¤±âȸÀÇ È¸±â´Â 100ÀÏÀ», ÀÓ½ÃȸÀÇ È¸±â´Â 30ÀÏÀ» ÃʰúÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù. ¨é ´ëÅë·ÉÀÌ ÀÓ½ÃȸÀÇ Áýȸ¸¦ ¿ä±¸ÇÒ ¶§¿¡´Â ±â°£°ú Áýȸ¿ä±¸ÀÇ ÀÌÀ¯¸¦ ¸í½ÃÇÏ¿©¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.

(1) A regular session of the National Assembly shall be convened once every year under the conditions as prescribed by law, and extraordinary sessions of the National Assembly shall be convened upon the request of the President or one fourth or more of the total members. (2) The period of regular sessions shall not exceed a hundred days, and that of extraordinary sessions, thirty days. (3) If the President requests the convening of an extraordinary session, the period of the session and the reasons for the request shall be clearly specified.

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ARTICLE 48

±¹È¸´Â ÀÇÀå 1Àΰú ºÎÀÇÀå 2ÀÎÀ» ¼±ÃâÇÑ´Ù.

The National Assembly shall elect one Speaker and two Vice-Speakers.

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ARTICLE 49

±¹È¸´Â Çå¹ý ¶Ç´Â ¹ý·ü¿¡ Ưº°ÇÑ ±ÔÁ¤ÀÌ ¾ø´Â ÇÑ ÀçÀûÀÇ¿ø °ú¹Ý¼öÀÇ Ãâ¼®°ú Ãâ¼®ÀÇ¿ø °ú¹Ý¼öÀÇ Âù¼ºÀ¸·Î ÀǰáÇÑ´Ù. °¡ºÎµ¿¼öÀÎ ¶§¿¡´Â ºÎ°áµÈ °ÍÀ¸·Î º»´Ù.

Except as otherwise provided for in the Constitution or in law, the attendance of a majority of the total members, and the concurrent vote of a majority of the members present, shall be necessary for decisions of the National Assembly. In case of a tie vote, the matter shall be regarded as rejected.

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ARTICLE 50

¨ç ±¹È¸ÀÇ È¸ÀÇ´Â °ø°³ÇÑ´Ù. ´Ù¸¸, Ãâ¼®ÀÇ¿ø °ú¹Ý¼öÀÇ Âù¼ºÀÌ Àְųª ÀÇÀåÀÌ ±¹°¡ÀÇ ¾ÈÀüº¸ÀåÀ» À§ÇÏ¿© ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù°í ÀÎÁ¤ÇÒ ¶§¿¡´Â °ø°³ÇÏÁö ¾Æ´ÏÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ¨è °ø°³ÇÏÁö ¾Æ´ÏÇÑ È¸Àdz»¿ëÀÇ °øÇ¥¿¡ °üÇÏ¿©´Â ¹ý·üÀÌ Á¤ÇÏ´Â ¹Ù¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ´Ù.

(1) Sessions of the National Assembly shall be open to the public: Provided, That when it is decided so by a majority of the members present, when the Speaker deems it necessary to do so for the sake of national security, they may be closed to the public. (2) The public disclosure of the proceedings of sessions which were not open to the public shall be determined by law.

Á¦51Á¶

ARTICLE 51

±¹È¸¿¡ Á¦ÃâµÈ ¹ý·ü¾È ±âŸÀÇ ÀǾÈÀº ȸ±âÁß¿¡ ÀǰáµÇÁö ¸øÇÑ ÀÌÀ¯·Î Æó±âµÇÁö ¾Æ´ÏÇÑ´Ù. ´Ù¸¸, ±¹È¸ÀÇ¿øÀÇ ÀӱⰡ ¸¸·áµÈ ¶§¿¡´Â ±×·¯ÇÏÁö ¾Æ´ÏÇÏ´Ù.

Bills and other matters submitted to the National Assembly for deliberation shall not be abandoned on the ground that they were not acted upon during the session in which they were introduced, except in a case where the term of the members of the National Assembly has expired.

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ARTICLE 52

±¹È¸ÀÇ¿ø°ú Á¤ºÎ´Â ¹ý·ü¾ÈÀ» Á¦ÃâÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.

Bills may be introduced by members of the National Assembly or by the Executive.

Á¦53Á¶

ARTICLE 53

¨ç ±¹È¸¿¡¼­ ÀǰáµÈ ¹ý·ü¾ÈÀº Á¤ºÎ¿¡ À̼۵Ǿî 15ÀÏÀ̳»¿¡ ´ëÅë·ÉÀÌ °øÆ÷ÇÑ´Ù. ¨è ¹ý·ü¾È¿¡ ÀÌÀǰ¡ ÀÖÀ» ¶§¿¡´Â ´ëÅë·ÉÀº Á¦1Ç×ÀÇ ±â°£³»¿¡ ÀÌÀǼ­¸¦ ºÙ¿© ±¹È¸·Î ȯºÎÇϰí, ±× ÀçÀǸ¦ ¿ä±¸ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ±¹È¸ÀÇ ÆóȸÁß¿¡µµ ¶ÇÇÑ °°´Ù. ¨é ´ëÅë·ÉÀº ¹ý·ü¾ÈÀÇ ÀϺο¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© ¶Ç´Â ¹ý·ü¾ÈÀ» ¼öÁ¤ÇÏ¿© ÀçÀǸ¦ ¿ä±¸ÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù. ¨ê ÀçÀÇÀÇ ¿ä±¸°¡ ÀÖÀ» ¶§¿¡´Â ±¹È¸´Â ÀçÀÇ¿¡ ºÙÀ̰í, ÀçÀûÀÇ¿ø°ú¹Ý¼öÀÇ Ãâ¼®°ú Ãâ¼®ÀÇ¿ø 3ºÐÀÇ 2ÀÌ»óÀÇ Âù¼ºÀ¸·Î Àü°ú °°Àº ÀǰáÀ» ÇÏ¸é ±× ¹ý·ü¾ÈÀº ¹ý·ü·Î¼­ È®Á¤µÈ´Ù. ¨ë ´ëÅë·ÉÀÌ Á¦1Ç×ÀÇ ±â°£³»¿¡ °øÆ÷³ª ÀçÀÇÀÇ ¿ä±¸¸¦ ÇÏÁö ¾Æ´ÏÇÑ ¶§¿¡µµ ±× ¹ý·ü¾ÈÀº ¹ý·ü·Î¼­ È®Á¤µÈ´Ù. ¨ì ´ëÅë·ÉÀº Á¦4Ç×°ú Á¦5Ç×ÀÇ ±ÔÁ¤¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© È®Á¤µÈ ¹ý·üÀ» Áöü¾øÀÌ °øÆ÷ÇÏ¿©¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. Á¦5Ç׿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© ¹ý·üÀÌ È®Á¤µÈ ÈÄ ¶Ç´Â Á¦4Ç׿¡ ÀÇÇÑ È®Á¤¹ý·üÀÌ Á¤ºÎ¿¡ ÀÌ¼ÛµÈ ÈÄ 5ÀÏÀ̳»¿¡ ´ëÅë·ÉÀÌ °øÆ÷ÇÏÁö ¾Æ´ÏÇÒ ¶§¿¡´Â ±¹È¸ÀÇÀåÀÌ À̸¦ °øÆ÷ÇÑ´Ù. ¨í ¹ý·üÀº Ưº°ÇÑ ±ÔÁ¤ÀÌ ¾ø´Â ÇÑ °øÆ÷ÇÑ ³¯·ÎºÎÅÍ 20ÀÏÀ» °æ°úÇÔÀ¸·Î½á È¿·ÂÀ» ¹ß»ýÇÑ´Ù.

(1) Each bill passed by the National Assembly shall be sent to the Executive, and the President shall promulgate it within fifteen days. (2) In case of objection to the bill, the President may, within the period referred to in Paragraph (l), return it to the National Assembly with written explanation of his objection, and request it be reconsidered. The President may do the same during adjournment of the National Assembly. (3) The President shall not request the National Assembly to reconsider the bill in part, or with proposed amendments. (4) In case there is a request for reconsideration of a bill, the National Assembly shall reconsider it, and if the National Assembly repasses the bill in the original form with the attendance of more than one half of the total members, and with a concurrent vote of two thirds or more of the members present, it shall become law. (5) If the President does not promulgate the bill, or does not request the National Assembly to reconsider it within the period referred to in Paragraph (1) it shall become law. (6) The President shall promulgate without delay the law as finalized under Paragraphs (4) and (5). If the President does not promulgate a law within five days after it has become law under Paragraph (5), or after it has been returned to the Executive under Paragraph (4), the Speaker shall promulgate it. (7) Except as provided otherwise, a law shall take effect twenty days after the date of promulgation.

Á¦54Á¶

ARTICLE 54

¨ç ±¹È¸´Â ±¹°¡ÀÇ ¿¹»ê¾ÈÀ» ½ÉÀÇ ¡¤ È®Á¤ÇÑ´Ù. ¨è Á¤ºÎ´Â ȸ°è¿¬µµ¸¶´Ù ¿¹»ê¾ÈÀ» Æí¼ºÇÏ¿© ȸ°è¿¬µµ °³½Ã 90ÀÏÀü±îÁö ±¹È¸¿¡ Á¦ÃâÇϰí, ±¹È¸´Â ȸ°è¿¬µµ °³½Ã 30ÀÏÀü±îÁö À̸¦ ÀǰáÇÏ¿©¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ¨é »õ·Î¿î ȸ°è¿¬µµ°¡ °³½ÃµÉ ¶§±îÁö ¿¹»ê¾ÈÀÌ ÀǰáµÇÁö ¸øÇÑ ¶§¿¡´Â Á¤ºÎ´Â ±¹È¸¿¡¼­ ¿¹»ê¾ÈÀÌ ÀǰáµÉ ¶§±îÁö ´ÙÀ½ÀÇ ¸ñÀûÀ» À§ÇÑ °æºñ´Â Àü³âµµ ¿¹»ê¿¡ ÁØÇÏ¿© ÁýÇàÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. 1. Çå¹ýÀ̳ª ¹ý·ü¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© ¼³Ä¡µÈ ±â°ü ¶Ç´Â ½Ã¼³ÀÇ À¯Áö ¡¤ ¿î¿µ 2. ¹ý·ü»ó ÁöÃâÀǹ«ÀÇ ÀÌÇà 3. ÀÌ¹Ì ¿¹»êÀ¸·Î ½ÂÀÎµÈ »ç¾÷ÀÇ °è¼Ó

(1) The National Assembly shall deliberate and decide upon the national budget bill. (2) The Executive shall formulate the budget bill for each fiscal year and submit it to the National Assembly within ninety days before the beginning of a fiscal year. The National Assembly shall decide upon it within thirty days be fore the beginning of the fiscal year. (3) If the budget bill is not passed by the beginning of the fiscal year, the Executive may, in conformity with the budget of the previous fiscal year, disburse funds for the following purposes until the budget bill is passed by the National Assembly: The maintenance and operation of agencies and facilities established by the Constitution or law; Execution of the obligatory expenditures as prescribed by law; and Continuation of projects previously approved in the budget.

Á¦55Á¶

ARTICLE 55

¨ç ÇÑ È¸°è¿¬µµ¸¦ ³Ñ¾î °è¼ÓÇÏ¿© ÁöÃâÇÒ Çʿ䰡 ÀÖÀ» ¶§¿¡´Â Á¤ºÎ´Â ¿¬ÇÑÀ» Á¤ÇÏ¿© °è¼Óºñ·Î¼­ ±¹È¸ÀÇ ÀǰáÀ» ¾ò¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ¨è ¿¹ºñºñ´Â ÃѾ×À¸·Î ±¹È¸ÀÇ ÀǰáÀ» ¾ò¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ¿¹ºñºñÀÇ ÁöÃâÀº Â÷±â±¹È¸ÀÇ ½ÂÀÎÀ» ¾ò¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.

(1) In a case where it is necessary to make continuing disbursements for a period longer than one fiscal year, the Executive shall obtain the approval of the National Assembly for a specified period of time. (2) A reserve fund shall be approved by the National Assembly in total. The disbursement of the reserve fund shall be approved during the next session of the National Assembly.

Á¦56Á¶

ARTICLE 56

Á¤ºÎ´Â ¿¹»ê¿¡ º¯°æÀ» °¡ÇÒ Çʿ䰡 ÀÖÀ» ¶§¿¡´Â Ãß°¡°æÁ¤¿¹»ê¾ÈÀ» Æí¼ºÇÏ¿© ±¹È¸¿¡ Á¦ÃâÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.

When it is necessary to amend the budget, the Executive may formulate a supplementary revised budget bill and submit it to the National Assembly.

Á¦57Á¶

ARTICLE 57

±¹È¸´Â Á¤ºÎÀÇ µ¿ÀǾøÀÌ Á¤ºÎ°¡ Á¦ÃâÇÑ ÁöÃ⿹»ê °¢Ç×ÀÇ ±Ý¾×À» Áõ°¡Çϰųª»õ ºñ¸ñÀ» ¼³Ä¡ÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù.

The National Assembly shall, without the consent of the Executive, neither increase the sum of any item of expenditure nor create any new items of expenditure in the budget submitted by the Executive.

Á¦58Á¶

ARTICLE 58

±¹Ã¤¸¦ ¸ðÁýÇϰųª ¿¹»ê¿Ü¿¡ ±¹°¡ÀÇ ºÎ´ãÀÌ µÉ °è¾àÀ» ü°áÇÏ·Á ÇÒ ¶§¿¡´Â Á¤ºÎ´Â ¹Ì¸® ±¹È¸ÀÇ ÀǰáÀ» ¾ò¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.

When the Executive plans to issue national bonds or to conclude contracts which may incur financial obligations on the State outside the budget, it shall have the prior concurrence of the National Assembly.

Á¦59Á¶

ARTICLE 59

Á¶¼¼ÀÇ Á¾¸ñ°ú ¼¼À²Àº ¹ý·ü·Î Á¤ÇÑ´Ù.

Types and rates of taxes shall be determined by law.

Á¦60Á¶

ARTICLE 60

¨ç ±¹È¸´Â »óÈ£¿øÁ¶ ¶Ç´Â ¾ÈÀüº¸Àå¿¡ °üÇÑ Á¶¾à, Áß¿äÇÑ ±¹Á¦Á¶Á÷¿¡ °üÇÑ Á¶¾à, ¿ìÈ£Åë»óÇ×ÇØÁ¶¾à, ÁÖ±ÇÀÇ Á¦¾à¿¡ °üÇÑ Á¶¾à, °­È­Á¶¾à, ±¹°¡³ª ±¹¹Î¿¡°Ô Áß´ëÇÑ ÀçÁ¤Àû ºÎ´ãÀ» Áö¿ì´Â Á¶¾à ¶Ç´Â ÀÔ¹ý»çÇ׿¡ °üÇÑ Á¶¾àÀÇ Ã¼°á ¡¤ ºñÁØ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ µ¿ÀÇ ±ÇÀ» °¡Áø´Ù. ¨è ±¹È¸´Â ¼±ÀüÆ÷°í, ±¹±ºÀÇ ¿Ü±¹¿¡ÀÇ ÆÄ°ß ¶Ç´Â ¿Ü±¹±º´ëÀÇ ´ëÇѹα¹ ¿µ¿ª ¾È¿¡¼­ÀÇ ÁÖ·ù¿¡ ´ëÇÑ µ¿ÀDZÇÀ» °¡Áø´Ù.

(1) The National Assembly shall have the right to consent to the conclusion and ratification of treaties pertaining to mutual assistance or mutual security; treaties concerning important international organizations; treaties of friendship, trade and navigation; treaties pertaining to any restriction in sovereignty; peace treaties; treaties which will burden the State or people with an important financial obligation; or treaties related to legislative matters. (2) The National Assembly shall also have the right to consent to the declaration of war, the dispatch of armed forces to foreign stares, or the stationing of alien forces in the territory of the Republic of Korea.

Á¦61Á¶

ARTICLE 61

¨ç ±¹È¸´Â ±¹Á¤À» °¨»çÇϰųª ƯÁ¤ÇÑ ±¹Á¤»ç¾È¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© Á¶»çÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ÀÌ¿¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ ¼­·ùÀÇ Á¦Ãâ ¶Ç´Â ÁõÀÎÀÇ Ãâ¼®°ú Áõ¾ðÀ̳ª ÀǰßÀÇ Áø¼úÀ» ¿ä±¸ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ¨è ±¹Á¤°¨»ç ¹× Á¶»ç¿¡ °üÇÑ ÀýÂ÷ ±âŸ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ »çÇ×Àº ¹ý·ü·Î Á¤ÇÑ´Ù.

(l) The National Assembly may inspect affairs of state or investigate specific matters of state affairs, and may demand the production of documents directly related thereto, the appearance of a witness in person and the furnishing of testimony or statements of opinion. (2) The procedures and other necessary matters concerning the inspection and investigation of state administration shall be determined by law.

Á¦62Á¶

ARTICLE 62

¨ç ±¹¹«ÃѸ® ¡¤ ±¹¹«À§¿ø ¶Ç´Â Á¤ºÎÀ§¿øÀº ±¹È¸³ª ±× À§¿øÈ¸¿¡ Ãâ¼®ÇÏ¿© ±¹Á¤Ã³ÀÌ»óȲÀ» º¸°íÇϰųª ÀǰßÀ» Áø¼úÇϰí Áú¹®¿¡ ÀÀ´äÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ¨è ±¹È¸³ª ±× À§¿øÈ¸ÀÇ ¿ä±¸°¡ ÀÖÀ» ¶§¿¡´Â ±¹¹«ÃѸ® ¡¤ ±¹¹«À§¿ø ¶Ç´Â Á¤ºÎÀ§¿øÀº Ãâ¼® ¡¤ ´äº¯ÇÏ¿©¾ß Çϸç, ±¹¹«ÃѸ® ¶Ç´Â ±¹¹«À§¿øÀÌ Ãâ¼®¿ä±¸¸¦ ¹ÞÀº ¶§¿¡´Â ±¹¹«À§¿ø ¶Ç´Â Á¤ºÎÀ§¿øÀ¸·Î ÇÏ¿©±Ý Ãâ¼® ¡¤ ´äº¯ÇÏ°Ô ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.

(1) The Prime Minister, members of the State Council or government delegates may attend meetings of the National Assembly or its committees and report on the state administration or deliver opinions and answer questions. (2) When requested by the National Assembly or its committees, the Prime Minister, members of the State Council or government delegates shall attend any meeting of the National Assembly and answer questions. If the Prime Minister or State Council members are requested to attend, the Prime Minister or State Council members may have State Council members or government delegates attend any meeting of the National Assembly and answer questions.

Á¦63Á¶

ARTICLE 63

¨ç ±¹È¸´Â ±¹¹«ÃѸ® ¶Ç´Â ±¹¹«À§¿øÀÇ ÇØÀÓÀ» ´ëÅë·É¿¡°Ô °ÇÀÇÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ¨è Á¦1Ç×ÀÇ ÇØÀÓ°ÇÀÇ´Â ±¹È¸ÀçÀûÀÇ¿ø 3ºÐÀÇ 1ÀÌ»óÀÇ ¹ßÀÇ¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© ±¹È¸ÀçÀûÀÇ¿ø °ú¹Ý¼öÀÇ Âù¼ºÀÌ ÀÖ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.

(1) The National Assembly may pass a recommendation for the removal of the Prime Minister or a State Council member from office. (2) A recommendation for removal as referred to in Paragraph (1) may be introduced by one third or more of the total members of the National Assembly, and shall be passed with the concurrent vote of a majority of the total members of the National Assembly.

Á¦64Á¶

ARTICLE 64

¨ç ±¹È¸´Â ¹ý·ü¿¡ ÀúÃ˵ÇÁö ¾Æ´ÏÇÏ´Â ¹üÀ§¾È¿¡¼­ ÀÇ»ç¿Í ³»ºÎ±ÔÀ²¿¡ °üÇÑ ±ÔÄ¢À» Á¦Á¤ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ¨è ±¹È¸´Â ÀÇ¿øÀÇ ÀÚ°ÝÀ» ½É»çÇϸç, ÀÇ¿øÀ» ¡°èÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ¨é ÀÇ¿øÀ» Á¦¸íÇÏ·Á¸é ±¹È¸ÀçÀûÀÇ¿ø 3ºÐÀÇ 2ÀÌ»óÀÇ Âù¼ºÀÌ ÀÖ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ¨ê Á¦2Ç×°ú Á¦3Ç×ÀÇ Ã³ºÐ¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿©´Â ¹ý¿ø¿¡ Á¦¼ÒÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù.

(1) The National Assembly may establish the rules of its proceedings and internal regulations, provided that they are not in conflict with law. (2) The National Assembly may review the qualifications of its members and may take disciplinary actions against its members. (3) The concurrent vote of two thirds or more of the total members of the National Assembly shall be required for the expulsion of any member. (4) No action shall be brought to court with regard to decisions taken under Paragraphs (2) and (3).

Á¦65Á¶

ARTICLE 65

¨ç ´ëÅë·É ¡¤ ±¹¹«ÃѸ® ¡¤ ±¹¹«À§¿ø ¡¤ ÇàÁ¤°¢ºÎÀÇ Àå ¡¤ Çå¹ýÀçÆÇ¼Ò ÀçÆÇ°ü ¡¤ ¹ý°ü ¡¤ Áß¾Ó¼±°Å°ü¸®À§¿øÈ¸ À§¿ø ¡¤ °¨»ç¿øÀå ¡¤ °¨»çÀ§¿ø ±âŸ ¹ý·üÀÌ Á¤ÇÑ °ø¹«¿øÀÌ ±× Á÷¹«ÁýÇà¿¡ À־ Çå¹ýÀ̳ª ¹ý·üÀ» À§¹èÇÑ ¶§¿¡´Â ±¹È¸´Â źÇÙÀÇ ¼ÒÃ߸¦ ÀǰáÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ¨è Á¦1Ç×ÀÇ ÅºÇÙ¼ÒÃß´Â ±¹È¸ÀçÀûÀÇ¿ø 3ºÐÀÇ 1ÀÌ»óÀÇ ¹ßÀǰ¡ ÀÖ¾î¾ß Çϸç, ±× ÀǰáÀº ±¹È¸ÀçÀûÀÇ¿ø °ú¹Ý¼öÀÇ Âù¼ºÀÌ ÀÖ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ´Ù¸¸, ´ëÅë·É¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÅºÇÙ¼ÒÃß´Â ±¹È¸ÀçÀûÀÇ¿ø °ú¹Ý¼öÀÇ ¹ßÀÇ¿Í ±¹È¸ÀçÀûÀÇ¿ø 3ºÐÀÇ 2ÀÌ»óÀÇ Âù¼ºÀÌ ÀÖ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ¨é źÇÙ¼ÒÃßÀÇ ÀǰáÀ» ¹ÞÀº Àڴ źÇÙ½ÉÆÇÀÌ ÀÖÀ» ¶§±îÁö ±× ±ÇÇÑÇà»ç°¡ Á¤ÁöµÈ´Ù. ¨ê źÇÙ°áÁ¤Àº °øÁ÷À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ÆÄ¸éÇÔ¿¡ ±×Ä£´Ù. ±×·¯³ª, ÀÌ¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© ¹Î»ç»óÀ̳ª Çü»ç»óÀÇ Ã¥ÀÓÀÌ ¸éÁ¦µÇÁö´Â ¾Æ´ÏÇÑ´Ù.

(1) In case the President, the Prime Minister, members of the State Council, heads of Executive Ministries, judges of the Constitution Court, judges, members of the Central Election Management Committee, members of the Board of Audit and Inspection, and other public officials designated-by law have violated the Constitution or other laws in the performance of official duties, the National Assembly may pass motions for their impeachment. (2) A motion for impeachment prescribed in Paragraph (1) may be proposed by one third or more of the total members of the National Assembly, and shall require a concurrent vote of a majority of the total members of the National Assembly for passage: Provided, That a motion for the impeachment of the President shall be proposed by a majority of the total members of the National Assembly and approved by two thirds or more of the total members of the National Assembly. (3) Any person against whom a motion for impeachment has been passed shall be suspended from exercising his power until the impeachment has been adjudicated. (4) A decision on impeachment shall not extend further than removal from public office. However, it shall not exempt the person impeached from civil or criminal liability.

Á¦4Àå Á¤ºÎ

CHAPTER IV. THE EXECUTIVE

Á¦1Àý ´ëÅë·É

SECTION 1. THE PRESIDENT

Á¦66Á¶

ARTICLE 66

¨ç ´ëÅë·ÉÀº ±¹°¡ÀÇ ¿ø¼öÀ̸ç, ¿Ü±¹¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© ±¹°¡¸¦ ´ëÇ¥ÇÑ´Ù. ¨è ´ëÅë·ÉÀº ±¹°¡ÀÇ µ¶¸³ ¡¤ ¿µÅäÀÇ º¸Àü ¡¤ ±¹°¡ÀÇ °è¼Ó¼º°ú Çå¹ýÀ» ¼öÈ£ÇÒ Ã¥¹«¸¦ Áø´Ù. ¨é ´ëÅë·ÉÀº Á¶±¹ÀÇ ÆòÈ­Àû ÅëÀÏÀ» À§ÇÑ ¼º½ÇÇÑ Àǹ«¸¦ Áø´Ù. ¨ê ÇàÁ¤±ÇÀº ´ëÅë·ÉÀ» ¼ö¹ÝÀ¸·Î ÇÏ´Â Á¤ºÎ¿¡ ¼ÓÇÑ´Ù.

(1) The President shall be the Head of State and represent the State vis-a-vis foreign states. (2) The President shall have the responsibility and duty to safeguard the independence, territorial integrity and continuity of the State and the Constitution. (3) The President shall have the duty to pursue sincerely the peaceful unification of the homeland. (4) Executive power shall be vested in the Executive Branch headed by the President.

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ARTICLE 67

¨ç ´ëÅë·ÉÀº ±¹¹ÎÀÇ º¸Åë ¡¤ Æòµî ¡¤ Á÷Á¢ ¡¤ ºñ¹Ð¼±°Å¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© ¼±ÃâÇÑ´Ù. ¨è Á¦1Ç×ÀÇ ¼±°Å¿¡ À־ ÃÖ°íµæÇ¥ÀÚ°¡ 2ÀÎÀÌ»óÀÎ ¶§¿¡´Â ±¹È¸ÀÇ ÀçÀûÀÇ¿ø °ú¹Ý¼ö°¡ Ãâ¼®ÇÑ °ø°³È¸ÀÇ¿¡¼­ ´Ù¼öÇ¥¸¦ ¾òÀº ÀÚ¸¦ ´ç¼±ÀÚ·Î ÇÑ´Ù. ¨é ´ëÅë·ÉÈĺ¸ÀÚ°¡ 1ÀÎÀÏ ¶§¿¡´Â ±× µæÇ¥¼ö°¡ ¼±°Å±ÇÀÚ ÃѼöÀÇ 3ºÐÀÇ 1ÀÌ»óÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¸é ´ëÅë·ÉÀ¸·Î ´ç¼±µÉ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù. ¨ê ´ëÅë·ÉÀ¸·Î ¼±°ÅµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ÀÚ´Â ±¹È¸ÀÇ¿øÀÇ ÇǼ±°Å±ÇÀÌ ÀÖ°í ¼±°ÅÀÏ ÇöÀç 40¼¼¿¡ ´ÞÇÏ¿©¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ¨ë ´ëÅë·ÉÀÇ ¼±°Å¿¡ °üÇÑ »çÇ×Àº ¹ý·ü·Î Á¤ÇÑ´Ù.

(1) The President shall be elected by universal, equal, direct and secret ballot by the people. (2) In case two or more persons receive the same largest number of votes in the election as referred to in Paragraph (l), the person who receives the largest number of votes in an open session of the National Assembly attended by a majority of the total members of the National Assembly shall be elected. (3) If and when there is only one presidential candidate, he shall not be elected President unless he receives at least one third of the total eligible votes. (4) Citizens who are eligible for election to the National Assembly, and who have reached the age of forty years or more on the date of the presidential election, shall be eligible to be elected to the presidency. (5) Matters pertaining to presidential elections shall be determined by law.

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ARTICLE 68

¨ç ´ëÅë·ÉÀÇ ÀӱⰡ ¸¸·áµÇ´Â ¶§¿¡´Â Àӱ⸸·á 70ÀÏ ³»Áö 40ÀÏÀü¿¡ ÈÄÀÓÀÚ¸¦ ¼±°ÅÇÑ´Ù. ¨è ´ëÅë·ÉÀÌ ±ÈÀ§µÈ ¶§ ¶Ç´Â ´ëÅë·É ´ç¼±ÀÚ°¡ »ç¸ÁÇϰųª ÆÇ°á ±âŸÀÇ »çÀ¯·Î ±× ÀÚ°ÝÀ» »ó½ÇÇÑ ¶§¿¡´Â 60ÀÏÀ̳»¿¡ ÈÄÀÓÀÚ¸¦ ¼±°ÅÇÑ´Ù.

(1) The successor to the incumbent President shall be elected seventy to forty days before his term expires. (2) In case a vacancy occurs in the office of the President or the President-elect dies, or is disqualified by a court ruling or for any other reason, a successor shall be elected within sixty days.

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ARTICLE 69

´ëÅë·ÉÀº ÃëÀÓ¿¡ ÁîÀ½ÇÏ¿© ´ÙÀ½ÀÇ ¼±¼­¸¦ ÇÑ´Ù. "³ª´Â Çå¹ýÀ» ÁؼöÇÏ°í ±¹°¡¸¦ º¸À§Çϸç Á¶±¹ÀÇ ÆòÈ­Àû ÅëÀϰú ±¹¹ÎÀÇ ÀÚÀ¯¿Í º¹¸®ÀÇ ÁõÁø ¹× ¹ÎÁ·¹®È­ÀÇ Ã¢´Þ¿¡ ³ë·ÂÇÏ¿© ´ëÅë·ÉÀ¸·Î¼­ÀÇ Á÷Ã¥À» ¼º½ÇÈ÷ ¼öÇàÇÒ °ÍÀ» ±¹¹Î ¾Õ¿¡ ¾ö¼÷È÷ ¼±¼­ÇÕ´Ï´Ù."

The President, at the time of his inauguration, shall take the following oath: "I do solemnly swear before the people that I will faithfully execute the duties of the President by observing the Constitution, defending the State, pursuing the peaceful unification of the homeland, promoting the freedom and welfare of the people and endeavoring to develop national culture."

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ARTICLE 70

´ëÅë·ÉÀÇ ÀÓ±â´Â 5¿¬À¸·Î Çϸç, ÁßÀÓÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù.

The term of office of the President shall be five years, and the President shall not be reelected.

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ARTICLE 71

´ëÅë·ÉÀÌ ±ÈÀ§µÇ°Å³ª »ç°í·Î ÀÎÇÏ¿© Á÷¹«¸¦ ¼öÇàÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ» ¶§¿¡´Â ±¹¹«ÃѸ®, ¹ý·üÀÌ Á¤ÇÑ ±¹¹«À§¿øÀÇ ¼ø¼­·Î ±× ±ÇÇÑÀ» ´ëÇàÇÑ´Ù.

If the office of the presidency is vacant or the President is unable to perform his duties for any reason, the Prime Minister or the members of the State Council in the order of priority as determined by law shall act for him.

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ARTICLE 72

´ëÅë·ÉÀº ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù°í ÀÎÁ¤ÇÒ ¶§¿¡´Â ¿Ü±³ ¡¤ ±¹¹æ ¡¤ ÅëÀÏ ±âŸ ±¹°¡¾ÈÀ§¿¡ °üÇÑ Áß¿äÁ¤Ã¥À» ±¹¹ÎÅõÇ¥¿¡ ºÙÀÏ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.

The President may submit important policies relating to diplomacy, national defense, unification and other matters relating to the national destiny to a national referendum if he deems it necessary.

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ARTICLE 73

´ëÅë·ÉÀº Á¶¾àÀ» ü°á ¡¤ ºñÁØÇϰí, ¿Ü±³»çÀýÀ» ½ÅÀÓ ¡¤ Á¢¼ö ¶Ç´Â ÆÄ°ßÇϸç, ¼±ÀüÆ÷°í¿Í °­È­¸¦ ÇÑ´Ù.

The President shall conclude and ratify treaties; accredit, receive or dispatch diplomatic envoys; and declare war and conclude peace.

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ARTICLE 74

¨ç ´ëÅë·ÉÀº Çå¹ý°ú ¹ý·üÀÌ Á¤ÇÏ´Â ¹Ù¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© ±¹±ºÀ» Åë¼öÇÑ´Ù. ¨è ±¹±ºÀÇ Á¶Á÷°ú Æí¼ºÀº ¹ý·ü·Î Á¤ÇÑ´Ù.

(1) The President shall be Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces under the conditions as prescribed by the Constitution and law. (2) The organization and formation of the Armed Forces shall be determined by law.

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ARTICLE 75

´ëÅë·ÉÀº ¹ý·ü¿¡¼­ ±¸Ã¼ÀûÀ¸·Î ¹üÀ§¸¦ Á¤ÇÏ¿© À§ÀÓ¹ÞÀº »çÇ×°ú ¹ý·üÀ» ÁýÇàÇϱâ À§ÇÏ¿© ÇÊ¿äÇÑ »çÇ׿¡ °üÇÏ¿© ´ëÅë·É·ÉÀ» ¹ßÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.

The President may issue presidential decrees concerning matters delegated to him by law with the scope specifically defined and also matters necessary to enforce laws.

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ARTICLE 76

¨ç ´ëÅë·ÉÀº ³»¿ì ¡¤ ¿Üȯ ¡¤ õÀç ¡¤ Áöº¯ ¶Ç´Â Áß´ëÇÑ ÀçÁ¤ ¡¤ °æÁ¦»óÀÇ À§±â¿¡ À־ ±¹°¡ÀÇ ¾ÈÀüº¸Àå ¶Ç´Â °ø°øÀÇ ¾È³çÁú¼­¸¦ À¯ÁöÇϱâ À§ÇÏ¿© ±ä±ÞÇÑ Á¶Ä¡°¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ°í ±¹È¸ÀÇ Áýȸ¸¦ ±â´Ù¸± ¿©À¯°¡ ¾øÀ» ¶§¿¡ ÇÑÇÏ¿© ÃÖ¼ÒÇÑÀ¸·Î ÇÊ¿äÇÑ ÀçÁ¤ ¡¤ °æÁ¦»óÀÇ Ã³ºÐÀ» Çϰųª ÀÌ¿¡ °üÇÏ¿© ¹ý·üÀÇ È¿·ÂÀ» °¡Áö´Â ¸í·ÉÀ» ¹ßÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ¨è ´ëÅë·ÉÀº ±¹°¡ÀÇ ¾ÈÀ§¿¡ °ü°èµÇ´Â Áß´ëÇÑ ±³Àü»óÅ¿¡ À־ ±¹°¡¸¦ º¸À§Çϱâ À§ÇÏ¿© ±ä±ÞÇÑ Á¶Ä¡°¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ°í ±¹È¸ÀÇ Áýȸ°¡ ºÒ°¡´ÉÇÑ ¶§¿¡ ÇÑÇÏ¿© ¹ý·üÀÇ È¿·ÂÀ» °¡Áö´Â ¸í·ÉÀ» ¹ßÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ¨é ´ëÅë·ÉÀº Á¦1Ç×°ú Á¦2Ç×ÀÇ Ã³ºÐ ¶Ç´Â ¸í·ÉÀ» ÇÑ ¶§¿¡´Â Áöü¾øÀÌ ±¹È¸¿¡ º¸°íÇÏ¿© ±× ½ÂÀÎÀ» ¾ò¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ¨ê Á¦3Ç×ÀÇ ½ÂÀÎÀ» ¾òÁö ¸øÇÑ ¶§¿¡´Â ±× óºÐ ¶Ç´Â ¸í·ÉÀº ±×¶§ºÎÅÍ È¿·ÂÀ» »ó½ÇÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ °æ¿ì ±× ¸í·É¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© °³Á¤ ¶Ç´Â ÆóÁöµÇ¾ú´ø ¹ý·üÀº ±× ¸í·ÉÀÌ ½ÂÀÎÀ» ¾òÁö ¸øÇÑ ¶§ºÎÅÍ ´ç¿¬È÷ È¿·ÂÀ» ȸº¹ÇÑ´Ù. ¨ë ´ëÅë·ÉÀº Á¦3Ç×°ú Á¦4Ç×ÀÇ »çÀ¯¸¦ Áöü¾øÀÌ °øÆ÷ÇÏ¿©¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.

(1) In time of internal turmoil, external menace, natural calamity or a grave financial or economic crisis, the President may take in respect to them the minimum necessary financial and economic actions or issue orders having the effect of law, only when it is required to take urgent measures for the maintenance of national security or public peace and order, and there is no time to await the convocation of the National Assembly. (2) In case of major hostilities affecting national security, the President may issue orders having the effect of law, only when it is required to preserve the integrity of the nation, and it is impossible to convene the National Assembly.

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Article 77 [Martial Law]

¨ç ´ëÅë·ÉÀº Àü½Ã ¡¤ »çº¯ ¶Ç´Â ÀÌ¿¡ ÁØÇÏ´Â ±¹°¡ºñ»ó»çÅ¿¡ À־ º´·ÂÀ¸·Î½á ±º»ç»óÀÇ Çʿ信 ÀÀÇϰųª °ø°øÀÇ ¾È³çÁú¼­¸¦ À¯ÁöÇÒ Çʿ䰡 ÀÖÀ» ¶§¿¡´Â ¹ý·üÀÌ Á¤ÇÏ´Â ¹Ù¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© °è¾öÀ» ¼±Æ÷ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ¨è °è¾öÀº ºñ»ó°è¾ö°ú °æºñ°è¾öÀ¸·Î ÇÑ´Ù. ¨é ºñ»ó°è¾öÀÌ ¼±Æ÷µÈ ¶§¿¡´Â ¹ý·üÀÌ Á¤ÇÏ´Â ¹Ù¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© ¿µÀåÁ¦µµ, ¾ð·Ð ¡¤ ÃâÆÇ ¡¤ Áýȸ ¡¤ °á»çÀÇ ÀÚÀ¯, Á¤ºÎ³ª ¹ý¿øÀÇ ±ÇÇÑ¿¡ °üÇÏ¿© Ưº°ÇÑ Á¶Ä¡¸¦ ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ¨ê °è¾öÀ» ¼±Æ÷ÇÑ ¶§¿¡´Â ´ëÅë·ÉÀº Áöü¾øÀÌ ±¹È¸¿¡ Åë°íÇÏ¿©¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ¨ë ±¹È¸°¡ ÀçÀûÀÇ¿ø °ú¹Ý¼öÀÇ Âù¼ºÀ¸·Î °è¾öÀÇ ÇØÁ¦¸¦ ¿ä±¸ÇÑ ¶§¿¡´Â ´ëÅë·ÉÀº À̸¦ ÇØÁ¦ÇÏ¿©¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.

(1) When it is required to cope with a military necessity or to maintain the public safety and order by mobilization of the military forces in time of war, armed conflict or similar national emergency, the President may proclaim martial law under the conditions as prescribed by law. (2) Martial law takes one of two types: extraordinary martial law and precautionary martial law. (3) Under extraordinary martial law, special measures may be taken with respect to the necessity for warrants, freedom of speech, the press, assembly and association, or the powers of the Executive and the Judiciary under the conditions as prescribed by law. (4) When the President has proclaimed martial law, he has to notify the National Assembly without delay. (5) When the National Assembly requests the lifting of martial law with the concurrent vote of a majority of the total members of the National Assembly, the President has to comply.

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Article 78 [Appointment, Dismissal of Public Officers]

´ëÅë·ÉÀº Çå¹ý°ú ¹ý·üÀÌ Á¤ÇÏ´Â ¹Ù¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© °ø¹«¿øÀ» ÀÓ¸éÇÑ´Ù.

The President appoints and dismisses public officers under the conditions prescribed by the Constitution and by law.

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