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Philosophy 


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Moore, Marianne

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Moore, Marianne, in full MARIANNE CRAIG MOORE (b. Nov. 15, 1887, St. Louis, Mo., U.S.--d. Feb. 5, 1972, New York, N.Y.), American poet whose work distilled moral and intellectual insights from the close and accurate observation of objective detail. A disciplined craftsman, she won the admiration of fellow poets throughout her long career. The poet and critic T.S. Eliot called her one of the few producers of durable poetry in her time.

Moore graduated from Bryn Mawr College in Pennsylvania in 1909 as a biology major and then studied commercial subjects and taught them at the U.S. Indian School in Carlisle, Pa. From 1921 to 1925 she was an assistant in the New York Public Library system. In 1925--already well known as one of the leading new poets--she became acting editor of The Dial, an influential American journal of literature and arts, and remained there until it was discontinued in 1929.

In 1921 her first book, Poems, was published in London by the Egoist Press. Her first American volume, Observations (1924), won the Dial Award. These initial volumes already exhibited her conciseness and her creation of a mosaic of juxtaposed images leading unerringly to a conclusion that, at its best, is both surprising and inevitable. They contain some of her best-known poems, including "To a Steam Roller," "The Fish," "When I Buy Pictures," "Peter," "The Labors of Hercules," and "Poetry." The last named is the source of her often-quoted admonition that poets should present imaginary gardens with real toads in them.

After 1919, living in Brooklyn, N.Y., she devoted herself to poetry and criticism, contributing to many journals in the United States and England and publishing several books of verse. Collected Poems appeared in 1951. She also wrote a translation of The Fables of La Fontaine (1954); a volume of critical papers, Predilections (1955); and Idiosyncrasy and Technique: Two Lectures (1958).

BIBLIOGRAPHY.

Bonnie Costello, Marianne Moore (1981); Margaret Holley, The Poetry of Marianne Moore (1987); Charles Molesworth, Marianne Moore (1990).

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