|
Chung yung
(Chinese: "Centre," or "Unchangeable"), Pinyin ZHONG
YONG, one of four Confucian texts that, when published together in 1190 by Chu
Hsi, a great Neo-Confucian philosopher, became the famous Ssu shu ("Four Books"). Chung yung was chosen by Chu Hsi for its metaphysical interest,
which had already attracted the attention of Buddhists and earlier
Neo-Confucianists. In his preface, Chu Hsi attributed authorship of the
treatise (which was actually a chapter from Li
chi one of the
Five Classics of antiquity) to Tzu
Ssu (K'ung Chi), a grandson of Confucius (551-479 BC).
Tzu Ssu presented Chung yung
as the central theme of Confucian thought. The two Chinese characters chung
yung (often translated "doctrine of the mean") express a
Confucian ideal that is so broad and so all-embracing as to encompass
virtually every relationship and every activity of man's life. In practice, chung
yung means countless things: moderation, rectitude, objectivity,
sincerity, honesty, truthfulness, propriety, equilibrium, and lack of
prejudice. For example, a friend should be neither too close nor too remote.
Neither in grief nor in joy should one be excessive, for unregulated
happiness can be as harmful as uncontrolled sorrow. One must adhere
unswervingly to the mean, or centre course, at all times and in every
situation. Such behaviour conforms to the laws of nature, is the distinctive
mark of the superior man, and is the essence of true orthodoxy. See
also Ssu shu .
¡¡
|
Áß¿ë (ñéé¼),
(º´)Zhong yong (¿þ)Chung
yung.
1190³â Áß±¹ÀÇ À§´ëÇÑ ¼º¸®ÇÐÀÚÀÎ ÁÖÈñ(ñ¹ýø)°¡ 4¼(ÞÌßö)¿¡
Æ÷ÇÔ½ÃŲ À¯±³
°æÀü °¡¿îµ¥ Çϳª.
ºÒ±³µµµé°ú Ãʱ⠼º¸®ÇÐÀÚµéÀº ÀÏÂïºÎÅÍ ¡´Á߿롵ÀÇ
ÇüÀÌ»óÇÐÀûÀÎ °üÁ¡¿¡ °ü½ÉÀ» ±â¿ï¿´À¸¸ç, ÁÖÈñµµ ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ
Á¡¿¡ ÁÖ¸ñÇÏ¿© 4¼ÀÇ Çϳª·Î ¼±ÅÃÇß´Ù. ¼¹®¿¡¼ ÁÖÈñ´Â
¡´¿¹±â ÖÉÑÀ¡µ °¡¿îµ¥ ÇÑ ÆíÀ̾ú´ø ÀÌ ±ÛÀ» °øÀÚ(BC 551~479)ÀÇ
¼ÕÀÚÀÎ ÀÚ»ç(íÞÖ£ºÀ̸§Àº ÍîÐß)°¡ Áö¾ú´Ù°í Çß´Ù.
ÀÚ»ç´Â Áß¿ëÀ» À¯°¡»ç»óÀÇ ÇÙ½É ÁÖÁ¦·Î º¸¾ÒÀ¸¸ç,
Áß¿ëÀº »ç¶÷µéÀÌ ¸ðµç Çൿ¿¡¼ º»¹Þ¾Æ¾ß ÇÒ ¿øÄ¢À̸ç,
³ª¶ó¸¦ ´Ù½º¸®´Â ±Ùº»À̶ó°í Çß´Ù. Áß¿ëÀÇ ÁßÀº Ä¡¿ìÄ¡Áö
¾ÊÀ½(ÝÕø¶ÝÕëï), Áö³ªÄ¡Áöµµ ¸ðÀÚ¶óÁöµµ ¾ÊÀ½(ÙíΦÝÕÐà),
°¨Á¤ÀÌ °ÑÀ¸·Î µå·¯³ªÁö ¾ÊÀº »óÅÂ(ýìÒÁäîÕ¥ñýÚ±Û¡)¸¦
¶æÇϰí, ¿ëÀº º¯ÇÔ¾øÀ½(øÁßÈ, ÝÕæ¶)À» ¶æÇÑ´Ù. Áß¿ëÀ»
½ÇõÇÏ´Â ÀÏÀº Æò¹üÇÑ »ç¶÷µµ ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ» ¸¸Å ½¬¿ì³ª,
öÀúÈ÷ ÁöŰ´Â ÀÏÀº ¼ºÀÎ(á¡ìÑ)µµ ¾î·Æ´Ù°í ÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª
Áö±ØÇÑ Á¤¼º(á¤)ÀÌ °ð Á߿뿡 °ÅÀÇ °¡±õ´Ù°í ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
Áß¿ëÀ» ÁöÄÑ À̰Ϳ¡¼ ¹þ¾î³ªÁö ¾Ê´Â °ÍÀÌ ±ºÀÚÀÇ µµ(Ô³)À̸ç
¼¼»óÀÇ Á¤ÇØÁø ÀÌÄ¡(ïÒ×â)¶ó°í ÇÑ´Ù.¡¡
|
- Âü°í¹®Çå (Áß¿ë)
- Áß¿ë : Á¶°È¯ ÆíÀú,
ÀÚÀ¯¹®°í, 1992
- Áß¿ë Àü9±Ç :
ÀÌÁöÇü, ¼º±Õ°ü´ëÇб³ ÃâÆÇºÎ, 1989
- Áß¿ëÈ¿°æ´ë° :, Á¶¹Î±Ô Æí¿ª,
°íÇ⹮Ȼç, 1984
- Áß¿ë»ç»ó¿¬±¸ : Á¶¸íÈÖ,
µ¿±¹´ëÇб³ ¹Ú»çÇÐÀ§³í¹®,
1991
- Á߿뿬±¸-Áß¿ëÀÇ ·ü¼º¼öµµ·Ð
: À±Ãµ±Ø,
°í·Á´ëÇб³
¹Ú»çÇÐÀ§³í¹®, 1987
|