¡¡

Jesusi.com Homepage

¡¡

¡¡

 °Ô½ÃÆÇ  °Ë»ö  ÀÚ·á½Ç  »çÀÌÆ®¸Ê  ¿¹¼ö¿Í³ª?

Prev ] Home ] Up ]

¡¡
¡¡
¡¡ ¡¡

¡¡

Tolstoy and His Message

Å罺ÅäÀÌ¿Í ±×ÀÇ ¸Þ½ÃÁö


By Ernest Howard Crosby

¡¡

¡¡

¡¡ ¡¡

Chapter 7

Á¦ 7 Àå

The Tolstoy of Today

¿À´Ã³¯ÀÇ Å罺ÅäÀÌ

¡¡ ¡¡

That the examples of the success of Christ's teachings should be so few is due to the fact that they have been so rarely tested. Count Tolstoy is making the experiment today, and no one who has visited him at his home, as I have had the privilege of doing, and has looked into his searching eyes under their heavy brows can for a moment doubt his sincerity. He has stripped his house of everything superfluous, there is not a rug on the floor, not an ornament on the table; his dress is the peasant's blouse; he has become a vegetarian and touches neither coffee nor tea nor sugar nor tobacco. That there is a vein of asceticism in all this, I am not disposed to deny. A German admirer of his has called him the John the Baptist of the new religion of the Spirit, and if sometimes we are inclined to criticize him for denying himself unnecessarily and for making the externals of life a little too bare, we should remember that there was room in the world for John whose food was locusts and wild honey, and for Jesus who came eating and drinking, and that wisdom is justified of all her children. There is a place in our economy for the Tolstoys as well as for the Ruskins and Morrises. And if there seems to be little art in the exterior appearances of Tolstoy's life, it is not because he is not an artist and has not faced the question of art and answered it to his own satisfaction. But he denies to the art of the day, the luxurious plaything of the exploiting few, all claim to be considered as art at all.

±×¸®½ºµµÀÇ °¡¸£Ä§µéÀÇ ¼º°ø »ç·ÊµéÀÌ ³Ê¹«³ª Àû´Ù´Â °ÍÀº ±×°ÍµéÀÌ ³Ê¹«³ª µå¹°°Ô Áõ¸íµÇ¾ú±â ¶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. Å罺ÅäÀÌ ¹éÀÛÀº ¿À´Ã³¯ ±× ½ÇÇèÀ» Çϰí ÀÖ´Ù, ±×¸®°í, ³»°¡ ÇàÇÒ Æ¯±ÇÀ» ´©·È´ø °Íó·³,  ±×ÀÇ ÁýÀ¸·Î ±×¸¦ ¹æ¹®ÇÏ¿´À¸¸ç, µÎ²¨¿î ´«½ç ¾Æ·¡¼­ Ž»öÇÏ´Â ´«À» µé¿©´Ù º¸¾Ò´ø ´©±¸¶óµµ Àá½Ã µ¿¾ÈÀ̳ª¸¶ ±×ÀÇ Áø½Ç¼ºÀ» ÀǽÉÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù. ±×´Â ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ Áý¿¡¼­ ºÒÇÊ¿äÇÑ °ÍÀº ¸ðµÎ Á¦°ÅÇÏ¿´À¸¸ç, ¹Ù´Ú¿¡´Â ¾çźÀÚ°¡ ¾ø°í, Å×ÀÌºí¿¡´Â Àå½ÄÀÌ ¾ø´Ù; ±×ÀÇ ¿ÊÀº ³óºÎµéÀÇ ÀÛ¾÷º¹ÀÌ´Ù; ±×´Â ä½ÄÁÖÀÇÀÚ°¡ µÇ¾úÀ¸¸ç Ä¿Çǵµ Â÷µµ ¼³ÅÁµµ ´ã¹èµµ °Çµå¸®Áö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ÀÌ ¸ðµç °Í¿¡ ±Ý¿åÁÖÀÇÀÇ °°Àº Á¡ÀÌ ÀÖ¾úÀ¸¸ç, ³ª´Â ºÎÁ¤ÇÏ°í ½ÍÀº ¸¶À½ÀÌ ¾ø´Ù. ±×¸¦ Âù¾çÇÏ´Â ¾î¶² µ¶ÀÏ »ç¶÷Àº ±×¸¦ ¼º·ÉÀ» Ãß±¸ÇÏ´Â »õ·Î¿î Á¾±³ÀÇ ¼¼·Ê ¿äÇÑÀ̶ó ºÒ·¶À¸¸ç, ¸¸ÀÏ ¿ì¸®°¡ ¶§¶§·Î ±×°¡ ÀÚ±â ÀÚ½ÅÀ» ºÒÇÊ¿äÇÏ°Ô ºÎÁ¤ÇÑ´Ù°í ±×¸®°í »îÀÇ ¿Ü°üÀ» ³Ê¹« µå·¯³½´Ù°í ºñ³­ÇÏ°í ½Í¾îÇϸé, ¿ì¸®°¡ ¹Ýµå½Ã ±â¾ïÇØ¾ß ÇÒ °ÍÀº À½½ÄÀ̶ó°ï ¸Þ¶Ñ±â¿Í ¾ß»ý ²Ü »ÓÀÌ´ø ¿äÇÑÀ» À§Çؼ­, ±×¸®°í ¸Ô°í ¸¶½Ã¸ç ¿À½Ã´Â ¿¹¼ö¸¦ À§Çؼ­ ¼¼»ó¿¡´Â ÀÚ¸®°¡ ÀÖ¾úÀ¸¸ç, ÁöÇý´Â ±× ¸ðµç ÀÚ³àµé¿¡ ÀÇÇØ¼­ ÀÇÀǸ¦ °®´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¿ì¸®ÀÇ °æÁ¦¿¡¼­ ·¯½ºÅ² °°Àº »ç¶÷µé ¹× ¸ð¸®½º °°Àº »ç¶÷µé »Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó Å罺ÅäÀÌ °°Àº »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ôµµ ÀÚ¸®´Â ÀÖ´Ù. ±×¸®°í Å罺ÅäÀÌÀÇ »îÀÇ ¿Ü°üµé¿¡¼­ ²Ù¹ÒÀÌ ÀûÀº °Íó·³ º¸Àδٸé, ±× ÀÌÀ¯´Â ±×°¡ ¿¹¼ú°¡°¡ ¾Æ´Ï¸ç ¿¹¼úÀÇ ¹®Á¦¸¦ ¹Ù·Îº¸Áö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù°Å³ª ±×°ÍÀ» ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ¸¸Á·´ë·Î ´ë´äÇÏÁö ¾Ê±â ¶§¹®ÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ±×´Â ½Ã´ëÀÇ ¿¹¼úÀ», ÂøÃëÇÏ´Â ¼Ò¼öÀÇ »çÄ¡½º·¯¿î Àå³­°¨, ¿¹¼úÀ̶ó°í ¿©°Ü Áö´Â °Í ¸ðµç °Íµé·Î, °ÅºÎÇÑ´Ù.

True art, he believes, is a human activity by means of which the artist passes on to others feelings through which he has lived, so that they become infected by them. It is thus a means of uniting men through their feelings. The deepest feeling of the present time is that of brotherhood, of love, and harmony, and true art must have as its object the radiating of this feeling. Tried by this standard almost all the art of the day is found lacking, and Tolstoy is willing to wait until a new and true way of life has produced a new and true art. That he may not be separated from his fellows, he works as he may in the fields and he also learned a trade. His aim is to support himself by manual labour and at any rate to be worth his own "keep." He also is continually engaged in writing articles and books addressed to the peasants or to the educated classes. The most conspicuous of these in recent years was his great novel Resurrection, a telling indictment of caste and government which has challenged the attention of the world. As for the duty of the individual, Tolstoy teaches that it is to do the next loving thing. We should do to others as we would have them do to us. "Only when I yield myself," says he, "to that intuition of love which demands obedience to this law is my own heart happy and at rest. And not only can I know how to act, but I can and do discern the work to co-operate in which my activity was designed and is required." "This work is the annihilator of discord and strife among people and among all creatures and the establishment of the highest unity, concord and love. Man should always cooperate in the development of love and union among created things." It is to man's cultivated instinct, to his conscience illuminated by unselfishness, and not to his powers of reasoning that Tolstoy looks for the triumph of his ideas. Thus he says:

ÂüµÈ ¿¹¼úÀº, ±×°¡ »ý°¢Çϰí ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î, ¿¹¼ú°¡°¡ ÀÚ½ÅÀÌ °ÞÀ¸¸ç »ì¾Æ¿Â ´À³¦µéÀ» ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô ÀüÇØÁÖ¸ç, ±×·Î ÀÎÇÏ¿© »ç¶÷µéÀÌ ±×°Íµé¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ¿µÇâÀ» ÀÔ°Ô µÇ´Â ¼ö´Ü¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ Àΰ£ Ȱµ¿ÀÌ´Ù. µû¶ó¼­ ±×°ÍÀº »ç¶÷µéÀÇ °¨Á¤µéÀ» ÅëÇÏ¿© ±×µéÀ» ¿¬ÇÕÇÏ´Â ¼ö´ÜÀÌ´Ù. Çö ½Ã´ëÀÇ °¡Àå ±íÀº ´À³¦Àº ÇüÁ¦¾Ö, »ç¶û, ¹× È­ÇÕÀÇ ´À³¦ÀÌ´Ù, ±×¸®°í ÂüµÈ ¿¹¼úÀº ÀÌ°Ç °¨Á¤À» ¹ß»êÇÔÀ» ±× ¸ñÀûÀ¸·Î °¡Á®¾ß¸¸ ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ·± ±âÁØÀ¸·Î ÆÇ´ÜÇØ º¸°Ç´ë ±× ½Ã´ëÀÇ °ÅÀÇ ¸ðµç ¿¹¼úµéÀÌ ¹Ì´ÞµÇ¸ç, Å罺ÅäÀÌ´Â »õ·Î¿ì¸ç ÂüµÈ »îÀÇ ¹æ¹ýÀÌ »õ·Ó°í ÂüµÈ ¿¹¼úÀ» ¸¸µé¾î³¾ ¶§±îÁö ±â´Ù¸± ¿ëÀǰ¡ ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×´Â ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ µ¿·áµé·ÎºÎÅÍ °í¸³µÇÁö ¾Êµµ·Ï Çϱâ À§Çؼ­, ±×´Â µéÆÇ¿¡¼­Ã³·³ ÀÏÇÏ¸ç °Å·¡¸¦ ÅëÇØ ¹è¿ü´Ù. ±×ÀÇ ¸ñÀûÀº À°Ã¼ ³ëµ¿À¸·Î¼­ ÀÚ½ÅÀ» À¯ÁöÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ¸ç ¾î·µç ÀÚ±â ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ "»ýȰ" °¡Ä¡´Â ÀÖ¾î¾ß ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×´Â ¶ÇÇÑ Áö¼ÓÀûÀ¸·Î ³ó¹ÎµéÀ̳ª ±³À°¹ÞÀº °è±ÞµéÀ» ÁöÇâÇÏ´Â ±â»çµé ¹× Ã¥µéÀ» ½á ³ª°¨¿¡ ¸ôµÎÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±Ù³â¿¡ À̰͵é Áß °¡Àå µÎµå·¯Áø °ÍÀº ±×ÀÇ À§´ëÇÑ ¼Ò¼³ÀÎ ºÎȰ·Î¼­, ±×°ÍÀº ¼¼»óÀÇ °ü½É¿¡ µµÀüÀåÀ» ³½ ½ÅºÐÁ¦µµ¿Í Á¤ºÎ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °ø°³Àû ºñ³­À̾ú´Ù. °³ÀÎÀÇ Àǹ«¿¡ ´ëÇØ¼­´Â, Å罺ÅäÀÌ´Â ´ÙÀ½À¸·Î »ç¶ûÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» °¡¸£Ä£´Ù. ¿ì¸®´Â ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µéÀÌ ¿ì¸®¿¡°Ô ÇàÇØÁÖ¾úÀ¸¸é ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» ¿ì¸®µµ ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷¿¡°Ô ÇàÇØÁÖ¾î¾ß¸¸ ÇÑ´Ù. "¿ÀÁ÷ ÀÌ·± ¹ýÄ¢¿¡ ´ëÇÑ º¹Á¾À» ¿ä±¸ÇÏ´Â Á÷°üÀûÀÎ »ç¶û¿¡ ³ª ÀÚ½ÅÀÌ ¼øÀÀÇÒ ¶§¿¡", ±×´Â ¸»ÇÑ´Ù, "³ª ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ¸¶À½Àº ÇູÇÏ¸ç Æò¾ÈÇÏ´Ù. ±×¸®°í ¾î¶»°Ô Çàµ¿ÇØ¾ß ÇÒ °ÍÀΰ¡¸¦ ¾Ë ¼ö ÀÖÀ» »Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, ³ª´Â ³ªÀÇ È°µ¿ÀÌ °èȹµÇ°í ¿ä±¸µÇ´Â ÀÏ¿¡ Çù·ÂÇϱâ À§ÇØ È°µ¿ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¸ç ºÐº°ÇÒ ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù." "ÀÌ·± Ȱµ¿Àº »ç¶÷µé »çÀÌ¿¡¼­ ±×¸®°í ¸ðµç ÇÇÁ¶¹°µé »çÀÌ¿¡¼­ ºÒÈ­¿Í ºÐÀïÀ» Á¾½Ä½ÃŰ´Â °ÍÀ̸ç, °¡Àå ÈǸ¢ÇÑ È­ÇÕ, ÀÏÄ¡ ¹× »ç¶ûÀÇ È®¸³ÀÎ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. »ç¶÷µéÀº ¾ðÁ¦³ª âÁ¶µÈ °Íµé »çÀÌ¿¡¼­ »ç¶û°ú È­ÇÕÀÇ ¹ßÀü¿¡ Çù·ÂÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù." Å罺ÅäÀ̰¡ ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ »ç»óµéÀÇ ½Â¸®·Î¼­ ÁöÇâÇß´ø °ÍÀº, »ç¶÷ÀÇ ÇÔ¾çµÈ º»´ÉÀ» ÇâÇÑ, ÀÌŸ½É¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ¹àÇôÁö´Â ¾ç½ÉÀ» ÇâÇÑ °ÍÀ̸ç, ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ Ãß·ÐÇÏ´Â ÈûÀ» ÇâÇÑ °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¾ú´Ù. ±×¸®ÇÏ¿© Å罺ÅäÀÌ´Â ¸»ÇÑ´Ù:

"To many people of our society it would be impossible to torture or kill a baby, even if they were told that by so doing they could save hundreds of other people. And in the same way a man, when he has developed a Christian sensibility of heart, finds a whole series of actions become impossible for him. For instance, a Christian who is obliged to take part in judicial proceedings in which a man may be sentenced to death, or who is obliged to take part in evictions, or in debating a proposal leading to war, or to participate in preparations for war, not to mention war itself, is in a position parallel to that of a kindly man called on to torture or kill a baby."

"¿ì¸® »çȸÀÇ ¸¹Àº »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô À־ ¾Æ±â¸¦ °í¹®Çϰųª »ìÇØÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº, ºñ·Ï ±×µéÀÌ ±×·³À¸·Î½á ¼ö¹é ¸íÀÇ ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µéÀ» »ì¸± ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù°í µé¾úÀ» Áö¶óµµ, ºÒ°¡´ÉÇÑ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×¸®°í ¶È°°Àº ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î »ç¶÷Àº, ¸¶À½¿¡¼­ ±×¸®½ºµµÀûÀÎ °¨¼ºÀ» ¹ßÀü½ÃÄ×À» ¶§¿¡, Àü¹ÝÀûÀÎ ÀÏ·ÃÀÇ ÇàÀ§µéÀÌ ±×¿¡°Ô´Â ºÒ°¡´ÉÇÏ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ¾Ë°Ô µÈ´Ù. ¿¹¸¦ µé¸é, »ç¶÷À» »çÇü¿¡ óÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¹ý·ü ÀýÂ÷¿¡ Âü¿©Çϵµ·Ï °­¿ä ¹Þ´Â, Åð°Å ¸í·É¿¡, ¶Ç´Â ÀüÀï¿¡ À̸£´Â ¾È°ÇÀ» Åä·ÐÇÔ¿¡, ¶Ç´Â ÀüÀï ÀÚü´Â ¸»ÇÒ °Íµµ ¾øÀÌ ÀüÀïÀÇ Áغñµé¿¡ Âü¿©Çϵµ·Ï °­¿ä ¹Þ´Â ±×¸®½ºµµÀÎÀº, ¼±·®ÇÑ »ç¶÷ÀÌ ¾Æ±â¸¦ °í¹®Çϰųª »ìÇØÇϵµ·Ï ¿ä±¸ ¹Þ´Â °Í°ú ÆòÇàÇÑ À§Ä¡¿¡ ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù." 

And as man's instincts improve and reform his conduct, so the instinct of society, which is public opinion, will reform society. War and violence will cease because they will become progressively repugnant to the hearts of men.

±×¸®°í »ç¶÷ÀÇ º»´ÉÀÌ ±×ÀÇ ÇàÀ§¸¦ °³¼±ÇÏ°í °³ÇõÇÏ´Â °Íó·³, ¿©·ÐÀ¸·Î¼­ÀÇ »çȸÀÇ º»´ÉÀÌ »çȸ¸¦ °³ÇõÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÀüÀï°ú Æø·ÂÀº ±×°ÍµéÀÌ »ç¶÷µéÀÇ ¸¶À½µé¿¡ Á¡Â÷ÀûÀ¸·Î ¸ð¼øµÇ¾î Áú °ÍÀ̹ǷΠÁß´ÜµÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

It would be a mistake to consider Tolstoy's views as the product of an isolated mind. He is in many respects the representation of all that is best in his dearly loved Russian peasantry. Le Roy Beaulieu tells us in his work on the Empire of the Tzars and the Russians (vol. iii., chap. 3), that the Russian common people are remarkable for their "charity and humility, and what is rarer still and almost unknown in the same class in other countries, for their spirit of asceticism and renouncement, love of poverty, and the taste for self-mortification and sacrifice." He also shows us that the moral ideal of the people is complete chastity. It is then as the mouth-piece of the Russian peasantry, among whom he has learned the lesson of his life, that Tolstoy finds his chief significance, and they are fortunate in having a man of such genius and character to represent them.

Å罺ÅäÀÌÀÇ °ßÇØµéÀÌ °í¸³µÈ Á¤½ÅÀÇ »ê¹°À̶ó°í ¿©±â´Â °ÍÀº À߸øÀÌ´Ù. ±×´Â ¿©·¯ ¸é¿¡¼­ ±×°¡ ÁøÁ¤À¸·Î »ç¶ûÇÏ´Â ·¯½Ã¾Æ ³óºÎµé ¾È¿¡¼­ °¡Àå ÈǸ¢ÇÑ  ¸ðµç °ÍÀÇ ´ëÇ¥ÀÌ´Ù. ¸£ ·ÎÀÌ º¼·ç´Â ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ÀÛǰ, ȲÁ¦µé°ú ·¯½Ã¾ÆÀεéÀÇ Á¦±¹(3±Ç 3Àå)¿¡¼­ ¿ì¸®¿¡°Ô ¸»ÇÑ´Ù, ·¯½Ã¾ÆÀÇ º¸Åë »ç¶÷µéÀº ±×µéÀÇ "ºÎÁ¶¿Í °â¾çÀ¸·Î µÎµå·¯Áø´Ù, ±×¸®°í ´Ù¸¥ ³ª¶óµéÀÇ µ¿ÀÏÇÑ °è±Þ¿¡¼­ ¾ÆÁ÷µµ µå¹°¸ç °ÅÀÇ ¾Ë·ÁÁöÁö ¾ÊÀº °ÍÀº, ±×µéÀÇ ±Ý¿åÁÖÀÇ ¹× ÀýÁ¦, ºó°ïÀÇ »ç¶û, ±×¸®°í °í³­°ú Èñ»ý¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÅµµÀÌ´Ù." ±×´Â ¶ÇÇÑ ¿ì¸®¿¡°Ô »ç¶÷µéÀÇ µµ´öÀû ÀÌ»óÀº ¿ÏÀüÇÑ ¼ø°áÀÓÀ» º¸¿© ÁØ´Ù. ±×·¸´Ù¸é Å罺ÅäÀ̰¡ ±×ÀÇ ÇÙ½ÉÀû Àǹ̸¦ ã´Â °ÍÀº, ¹Ù·Î ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ »îÀÇ ±³ÈÆÀ» ¹è¿ìµµ·Ï ÇØÁÖ¾ú´ø ·¯½Ã¾Æ ³óºÎÀÇ ´ëº¯Àڷμ­À̸ç, ±×µéÀº ±×µéÀ» ´ëº¯ÇÏ´Â ±×Åä·Ï õÀçÀÌÀÚ ÀΰÝÀÚÀÎ »ç¶÷À» °¡ÁüÀº ÇູÇÑ ÀÏÀÌ´Ù.

And here we leave this great teacher -- great especially in his candour and simplicity. A strange figure -- this peasant nobleman, this aristocrat, born into the ruling class of an autocracy, who condemns all government and caste, this veteran of two wars who proscribes all bloodshed, this keen sportsman turned vegetarian, this landlord who follows Henry George, this man of wealth who will have nothing to do with money, this famous novelist who thinks that he wasted his time in writing most of his novels, this rigid moralist, one of whose books at least, the Kreutzer Sonata, was placed under the ban of the American Post Office. That same dramatic instinct which made him a great novelist, which impelled Sir Henry Irving to rank his two plays among the best of the past century, and which, as we have seen, has so often led him to find lessons in the active world around him, this same instinct has made of this least theatrical and most self-forgetful of men the dramatic prefigurement in his own person of a reunited race, set free by love from the shackles of caste and violence. As it was with the prophets of old, so with him, there is a deeper significance in his life, in the tragedy of himself, than in the burden of his spoken message. He is the protagonist today of the drama of the human soul. A stage which can put forward such a protagonist has no reason for despair.

±×¸®°í ¿ì¸®´Â ¿©±â¼­ ÀÌ À§´ëÇÑ - Ưº°È÷ ±×ÀÇ ¼º½ÇÇÔ°ú ¼Ò¹ÚÇÔ¿¡¼­ - ±³»ç¸¦ ¶°³­´Ù. ÀÌ»óÇÑ Àι° - ÀÌ·± ³óºÎ ±ÍÀÎ, ÀÌ·± ±ÍÁ·ÀÌ, ÀüÁ¦ ±¹°¡ÀÇ Áö¹è °è±ÞÀ¸·Î ž¼­, ¸ðµç Á¤ºÎ ¹× °è±ÞÀ» Á¤ÁËÇϸç, ¸ðµç À¯Ç÷À» ±ÝÁöÇÑ À̳⠰£ÀÇ ÀÌ·± ÀüÀï º£Å×¶û, ÀÌÅä·Ï ±â¹ÎÇÑ ¿îµ¿¼±¼ö°¡ ä½ÄÁÖÀÇÀÚ·Î º¯ÇßÀ¸¸ç, Ç Á¶¸®¸¦ µû¸£´Â ÀÌ·± ÁöÁÖ, µ·°ú´Â ¾Æ¹«·± °ü°è¸¦ °¡ÁöÁö ¾ÊÀ¸·Á´Â ÀÌ·± ºÎÀ¯ÇÑ »ç¶÷, ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ ±×ÀÇ ¼Ò¼³µéÀ» ÁýÇÊÇϱâ À§ÇØ ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ½Ã°£À» ³¶ºñÇß´Ù°í »ý°¢ÇÏ´Â À¯¸íÇÑ ¼Ò¼³°¡, ÀÌÅä·Ï ¾ö°ÝÇÑ µµ´öÁÖÀÇÀڷμ­, Àû¾îµµ ±×ÀÇ Ã¥µé ÁßÀÇ ÇϳªÀÎ, Å©·ÎÀÌü ¼Ò³ªÅ¸°¡, ¹Ì±¹ ü½ÅûÀÇ ±Ý¼­ ¸ñ·Ï¿¡ ¿Ã·ÁÁ³´Ù. ±×¸¦ À§´ëÇÑ ¼Ò¼³°¡·Î ¸¸µé¾úÀ¸¸ç, Ç ¾îºù °æÀÌ ±×ÀÇ µÎ °¡Áö ¿¬±ØµéÀ» °ú°Å ¼¼±âÀÇ °¡Àå ÈǸ¢ÇÑ ÀÛǰµéÀÇ ¼­¿­¿¡ ¿Ã·ÈÀ¸¸ç, ±×¸®°í, ¿ì¸®°¡ º¸¾ÒµíÀÌ, ³Ê¹«³ª ÀÚÁÖ ±×¸¦ µÑ·¯½Ñ Çö ¼¼»ó¿¡¼­ ±³ÈƵéÀ» ãµµ·Ï À̲ø¾ú´ø, ±×¿Í °°Àº ±ØÀûÀÎ º»´É, ÀÌ¿Í µ¿ÀÏÇÑ º»´ÉÀº, ¸ö¼Ò ÅëÀÏµÈ ÀηùÀÇ ±ØÀûÀÎ ¿¹½Ã·Î¼­, »ç¶ûÀ¸·Î °è±Þ°ú Æø·ÂÀÇ Á·¼âµé·ÎºÎÅÍ ÀÚÀ¯·Î¿öÁ³À¸¸ç, ÀÌó·³ »ç¶÷µé Áß¿¡¼­ ÃÖ¼ÒÇÑÀÇ ºÎÀÚ¿¬½º·¯¿ì¸ç °¡Àå ÀÚ½ÅÀ» Àؾî¹ö¸®µµ·Ï ¸¸µé¾ú´ø °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¿¾ ½Ã´ëÀÇ ¼±ÁöÀÚµéó·³, ±×¿¡°Ô À־µµ, ±×ÀÇ ³»¹ñÀº ¸Þ½ÃÁöÀÇ ºÎ´ã¿¡¼­ º¸´Ù, ±×ÀÇ »î¿¡¼­, ÀÚ±â ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ºñ±Ø¿¡¼­, ÇÑÃþ ±íÀº Àǹ̰¡ Á¸ÀçÇÑ´Ù. ±×´Â ¿À´Ã³¯ Àΰ£ÀÇ ¿µÈ¥ÀÇ ¿¬±ØÀÇ ÁÖÀΰøÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¯ÇÑ ÁÖÀΰøÀ» ³»¼¼¿ì´Â ¹«´ë´Â ½Ç¸ÁÇÒ ¾Æ¹«·± ÀÌÀ¯°¡ ¾ø´Ù.

¡¡ ¡¡
¡¡ ¡¡ ¡¡ ¡¡ ¡¡
¡¡ ¡¡

Home ] Up ] Tolstoy's Boyhood and Manhood ] Tolstoy's Great Spiritual Crisis ] Tolstoy's Answer to the Riddle of Life ] The Basis of Tolstoy's Moral and Social Code ] Tolstoy's Teaching Tested by the Christian Spirit ] The Christian Teaching in Practice ] [ The Tolstoy of Today ]


¡¡ ¡¡
¡¡
 

 °Ô½ÃÆÇ  °Ë»ö  ÀÚ·á½Ç  »çÀÌÆ®¸Ê  ¿¹¼ö¿Í³ª?

Prev ] Home ] Up ]

¡¡
 

Jesusi.com Homepage



This page was last modified 2001/12/29